Question 1

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein requirements decrease during injury and illness. 
B) Most Americans do not consume enough protein. 
C) The amount of protein used by the body is estimated by calculating nitrogen losses. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) Protein requirements decrease during injury and illness. 
B) Most Americans do not consume enough protein. 
C) The amount of protein used by the body is estimated by calculating nitrogen losses. 
D) All of these statements are true. C

Question 2

An antibody:

Accepted Answer

A) is a type of protein that helps protect the body from foreign substances. 
B) catalyzes chemical reactions in the body. 
C) helps circulate lipids in the blood. 
D) regulates the acid-base balance (pH)in the body. 
A) is a type of protein that helps protect the body from foreign substances. 
B) catalyzes chemical reactions in the body. 
C) helps circulate lipids in the blood. 
D) regulates the acid-base balance (pH)in the body. A

Question 3

Excessive intake of animal protein foods could cause:

Accepted Answer

A) excessive bone mineralization,causing brittleness. 
B) a diet to be too low in energy. 
C) increased waste production overworking the liver. 
D) an increased risk of heart disease. 
A) excessive bone mineralization,causing brittleness. 
B) a diet to be too low in energy. 
C) increased waste production overworking the liver. 
D) an increased risk of heart disease. D

Question 4

The synthesis of glucose from certain amino acids involves:

Accepted Answer

A) deamination. 
B) transcription. 
C) translation. 
D) transamination. 
A) deamination. 
B) transcription. 
C) translation. 
D) transamination.

Question 5

Which statement about amino acid absorption is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Absorption of larger polypeptides occurs commonly in healthy adults. 
B) Groups of similar amino acids share the same transport system. 
C) If one amino acid is supplemented,it can slow the absorption of other amino acids. 
D) Dipeptides and tripeptides are broken down to individual amino acids before leaving the mucosal cells of the small intestine. 
A) Absorption of larger polypeptides occurs commonly in healthy adults. 
B) Groups of similar amino acids share the same transport system. 
C) If one amino acid is supplemented,it can slow the absorption of other amino acids. 
D) Dipeptides and tripeptides are broken down to individual amino acids before leaving the mucosal cells of the small intestine.

Question 6

Protein denaturation can:

Accepted Answer

A) alter the three-dimensional shape of a protein. 
B) decrease the nutritional value of a protein. 
C) alter the sequence of amino acids in a protein. 
D) break the peptide bonds holding a protein together. 
A) alter the three-dimensional shape of a protein. 
B) decrease the nutritional value of a protein. 
C) alter the sequence of amino acids in a protein. 
D) break the peptide bonds holding a protein together.

Question 7

Protein requirements are in part based on a person's:

Accepted Answer

A) body weight. 
B) age. 
C) health status. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) body weight. 
B) age. 
C) health status. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 8

A complete dietary protein:

Accepted Answer

A) contains the element sulfur. 
B) has been hydrolyzed so that digestion is not necessary. 
C) provides essential amino acids in the proportion needed to support protein synthesis. 
D) has a low biological value. 
A) contains the element sulfur. 
B) has been hydrolyzed so that digestion is not necessary. 
C) provides essential amino acids in the proportion needed to support protein synthesis. 
D) has a low biological value.

Question 9

Which group has the highest protein requirement (per unit of body weight)?

Accepted Answer

A) Infants 
B) Adults who exercise regularly 
C) Adult women 
D) Elderly men 
A) Infants 
B) Adults who exercise regularly 
C) Adult women 
D) Elderly men

Question 10

Which nutrient is found in plant protein foods but not in animal protein foods?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron 
B) Zinc 
C) Calcium 
D) Fiber 
A) Iron 
B) Zinc 
C) Calcium 
D) Fiber

Question 11

Heating a protein causes:

Accepted Answer

A) transamination. 
B) deamination. 
C) denaturation. 
D) all of these. 
A) transamination. 
B) deamination. 
C) denaturation. 
D) all of these.

Question 12

All of the following components are always associated with an amino acid EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) an amino group. 
B) an acid group. 
C) a phosphate group. 
D) a side chain (functional group). 
A) an amino group. 
B) an acid group. 
C) a phosphate group. 
D) a side chain (functional group).

Question 13

__________________ are at increased risk of not getting adequate vitamin B12 in their diet.

Accepted Answer

A) Lacto-ovo vegetarians 
B) Trained athletes 
C) Vegan vegetarians 
D) Pregnant and lactating women 
A) Lacto-ovo vegetarians 
B) Trained athletes 
C) Vegan vegetarians 
D) Pregnant and lactating women

Question 14

Proteins regulate which of the following body processes?

Accepted Answer

A) Acid-base balance 
B) Fluid balance 
C) Muscle contraction 
D) All of these are correct 
A) Acid-base balance 
B) Fluid balance 
C) Muscle contraction 
D) All of these are correct

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely to result from a chronic deficiency of protein and energy?

Accepted Answer

A) PKU 
B) Marasmus 
C) Gallstones 
D) Increased resistance to infection 
A) PKU 
B) Marasmus 
C) Gallstones 
D) Increased resistance to infection

Question 16

Food allergies involve an interaction between a dietary protein and:

Accepted Answer

A) the immune system. 
B) the excretory system. 
C) DNA. 
D) RNA. 
A) the immune system. 
B) the excretory system. 
C) DNA. 
D) RNA.

Question 17

Protein quality is determined by:

Accepted Answer

A) comparing the non-essential amino acid profile in a food with that in a reference protein. 
B) the biological activity of the actin and myosin filaments in meat products. 
C) how efficiently a protein in the diet can be used to make body proteins. 
D) the ratio of nonessential to essential amino acids present in a food. 
A) comparing the non-essential amino acid profile in a food with that in a reference protein. 
B) the biological activity of the actin and myosin filaments in meat products. 
C) how efficiently a protein in the diet can be used to make body proteins. 
D) the ratio of nonessential to essential amino acids present in a food.

Question 18

Protein complementation is most important for people who are:

Accepted Answer

A) vegan vegetarians. 
B) recovering from surgery. 
C) lacto-ovo vegetarians. 
D) consumers of both plant and animal foods. 
A) vegan vegetarians. 
B) recovering from surgery. 
C) lacto-ovo vegetarians. 
D) consumers of both plant and animal foods.

Question 19

Food allergies can result when a protein in the diet:

Accepted Answer

A) is not absorbed and is eliminated in the feces. 
B) is filtered out of the blood and into the urine. 
C) is absorbed without being completely digested. 
D) provides amino acids that are not normally found in the human body. 
A) is not absorbed and is eliminated in the feces. 
B) is filtered out of the blood and into the urine. 
C) is absorbed without being completely digested. 
D) provides amino acids that are not normally found in the human body.

Question 20

To estimate protein requirements,you must know a person's:

Accepted Answer

A) body weight. 
B) urinary ammonia output. 
C) height. 
D) All of these would be required, 
A) body weight. 
B) urinary ammonia output. 
C) height. 
D) All of these would be required,

Exam 6: Proteins and Amino Acids

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

An antibody:

Excessive intake of animal protein foods could cause:

The synthesis of glucose from certain amino acids involves:

Which statement about amino acid absorption is FALSE?

Protein denaturation can:

Protein requirements are in part based on a person's:

A complete dietary protein:

Which group has the highest protein requirement (per unit of body weight)?

Which nutrient is found in plant protein foods but not in animal protein foods?

Heating a protein causes:

All of the following components are always associated with an amino acid EXCEPT:

__________________ are at increased risk of not getting adequate vitamin B12 in their diet.

Proteins regulate which of the following body processes?

Which of the following is most likely to result from a chronic deficiency of protein and energy?

Food allergies involve an interaction between a dietary protein and:

Protein quality is determined by:

Protein complementation is most important for people who are:

Food allergies can result when a protein in the diet:

To estimate protein requirements,you must know a person's:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitamin/Nonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

Filters

__________________ are at increased risk of not getting adequate vitamin B₁₂ in their diet.