Question 1

Blood levels of magnesium are regulated primarily by:

Accepted Answer

A) the liver. 
B) the amount consumed in the diet. 
C) absorption across the small intestine. 
D) the kidneys. 
A) the liver. 
B) the amount consumed in the diet. 
C) absorption across the small intestine. 
D) the kidneys.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT likely to result from prolonged low calcium intake?

Accepted Answer

A) A lower peak bone mass in young adult females 
B) Problems with cell signaling and regulation 
C) Fractures in the elderly 
D) Development of osteomalacia 
A) A lower peak bone mass in young adult females 
B) Problems with cell signaling and regulation 
C) Fractures in the elderly 
D) Development of osteomalacia

Question 3

Good sources of magnesium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) leafy green vegetables. 
B) processed foods. 
C) nuts. 
D) whole grains. 
A) leafy green vegetables. 
B) processed foods. 
C) nuts. 
D) whole grains.

Question 4

Which statement concerning magnesium toxicity is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It may occur with consumption of Mg-containing laxatives or antacids. 
B) It is characterized by high blood pressure. 
C) It is more common in the elderly with impaired kidney function. 
D) Magnesium toxicity would most likely occur from supplements. 
A) It may occur with consumption of Mg-containing laxatives or antacids. 
B) It is characterized by high blood pressure. 
C) It is more common in the elderly with impaired kidney function. 
D) Magnesium toxicity would most likely occur from supplements.

Question 5

Phosphorus is essential for energy production since it is part of:

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) NADH. 
C) FADH2. 
D) DNA. 
A) ATP. 
B) NADH. 
C) FADH2. 
D) DNA.

Question 6

The consumption of soda:

Accepted Answer

A) provides necessary nutrients. 
B) has led to a decrease in the consumption of milk. 
C) has remained constant for the last 20 years. 
D) is not of nutritional concern. 
A) provides necessary nutrients. 
B) has led to a decrease in the consumption of milk. 
C) has remained constant for the last 20 years. 
D) is not of nutritional concern.

Question 7

Which of the following is a good source of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A) Dairy 
B) Whole grains 
C) Nuts 
D) All of these 
A) Dairy 
B) Whole grains 
C) Nuts 
D) All of these

Question 8

Whether an element is classified as a major or as a trace mineral is determined by:

Accepted Answer

A) the amounts needed daily by the body. 
B) where they are absorbed in the digestive tract. 
C) how critical they are for metabolic processes. 
D) where they are found on the periodic table. 
A) the amounts needed daily by the body. 
B) where they are absorbed in the digestive tract. 
C) how critical they are for metabolic processes. 
D) where they are found on the periodic table.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Muscle contraction 
B) ATP stabilization 
C) Blood pressure regulation 
D) Neurotransmitter release 
A) Muscle contraction 
B) ATP stabilization 
C) Blood pressure regulation 
D) Neurotransmitter release

Question 10

Which of the following compounds has NOT been found to interfere with mineral absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Ascorbic acid 
B) Oxalates 
C) Phytates 
D) Tannins 
A) Ascorbic acid 
B) Oxalates 
C) Phytates 
D) Tannins

Question 11

Postmenopausal bone loss is primarily associated with decreased levels of the hormone:

Accepted Answer

A) aldosterone. 
B) estrogen. 
C) progesterone. 
D) secretin. 
A) aldosterone. 
B) estrogen. 
C) progesterone. 
D) secretin.

Question 12

All of the following decrease the risk of osteoporosis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) weight bearing exercise. 
B) low body weight. 
C) increased muscle mass. 
D) high body weight and fat. 
A) weight bearing exercise. 
B) low body weight. 
C) increased muscle mass. 
D) high body weight and fat.

Question 13

Which statement regarding lactose intolerance is true?

Accepted Answer

A) It must be treated with calcium supplements to avoid osteoporosis. 
B) It means a person can eat no dairy products. 
C) The symptoms can be avoided by using products treated with lactase. 
D) Lactose intolerance is common in individuals of all ethnic backgrounds. 
A) It must be treated with calcium supplements to avoid osteoporosis. 
B) It means a person can eat no dairy products. 
C) The symptoms can be avoided by using products treated with lactase. 
D) Lactose intolerance is common in individuals of all ethnic backgrounds.

Question 14

The matrix of bones is:

Accepted Answer

A) a protein framework. 
B) made up primarily of collagen. 
C) imbedded with hydroxyapatite. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) a protein framework. 
B) made up primarily of collagen. 
C) imbedded with hydroxyapatite. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 15

At what point in one's lifetime is peak bone mass achieved?

Accepted Answer

Peak bone mass is ac

Question 16

_________ are cells that build bone,while _________are cells that break down bone.

Accepted Answer

A) Osteocytes; corticulocytes 
B) Corticulocytes; osteocytes 
C) Osteoblasts; osteoclasts 
D) Osteoclasts; osteoblasts 
A) Osteocytes; corticulocytes 
B) Corticulocytes; osteocytes 
C) Osteoblasts; osteoclasts 
D) Osteoclasts; osteoblasts

Question 17

In the body,sulfur plays an important part in the structure of:

Accepted Answer

A) adipose tissue. 
B) bones and teeth. 
C) enzymes. 
D) some amino acids and vitamins. 
A) adipose tissue. 
B) bones and teeth. 
C) enzymes. 
D) some amino acids and vitamins.

Question 18

Which statement about phosphorus is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Toxicity is common in the U.S.because of increased use of phosphorus-containing food additives. 
B) Toxicity causes uncontrolled muscle contractions. 
C) Toxicity may cause bone resorption. 
D) High intake increases the energy available to cells,eventually leading to exhaustion. 
A) Toxicity is common in the U.S.because of increased use of phosphorus-containing food additives. 
B) Toxicity causes uncontrolled muscle contractions. 
C) Toxicity may cause bone resorption. 
D) High intake increases the energy available to cells,eventually leading to exhaustion.

Question 19

Which of the following functions to inhibit calcium release from bone?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcitonin 
B) Parathyroid hormone 
C) Calmodulin 
D) Insulin 
A) Calcitonin 
B) Parathyroid hormone 
C) Calmodulin 
D) Insulin

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a major function of phosphorus in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Contributor to bone and teeth structure 
B) Constituent of DNA 
C) pH balance 
D) Regulating blood pressure 
A) Contributor to bone and teeth structure 
B) Constituent of DNA 
C) pH balance 
D) Regulating blood pressure

Exam 11: Major Minerals and Bone Health

Blood levels of magnesium are regulated primarily by:

Which of the following is NOT likely to result from prolonged low calcium intake?

Good sources of magnesium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Which statement concerning magnesium toxicity is FALSE?

Phosphorus is essential for energy production since it is part of:

The consumption of soda:

Which of the following is a good source of phosphorus?

Whether an element is classified as a major or as a trace mineral is determined by:

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?

Which of the following compounds has NOT been found to interfere with mineral absorption?

Postmenopausal bone loss is primarily associated with decreased levels of the hormone:

All of the following decrease the risk of osteoporosis EXCEPT:

Which statement regarding lactose intolerance is true?

The matrix of bones is:

At what point in one's lifetime is peak bone mass achieved?

_________ are cells that build bone,while _________are cells that break down bone.

In the body,sulfur plays an important part in the structure of:

Which statement about phosphorus is correct?

Which of the following functions to inhibit calcium release from bone?

Which of the following is NOT a major function of phosphorus in the body?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitamin/Nonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

Filters

_ are cells that build bone,while _are cells that break down bone.