Exam 3: Alkenes and Alkynes: the Nature of Organic Reactions

Instructions: Classify each structure below as a nucleophile or electrophile, and briefly explain your choice. Classify and explain:

Instructions: Identify and label the nucleophile and electrophile in each reaction below. Identify and label:

Below are all the chemical structures and intermediates involved in a reaction. On the structures provided, show all electron flow using the arrow formalism for the complete stepwise mechanism.

The structures below show the stepwise bond making and bond breaking in this reaction. Draw curved arrows to show the electron flow that has occurred in each step.

Instructions: Classify each reaction below as a(n):

Instructions: Classify each structure below as a nucleophile or electrophile, and briefly explain your choice. Classify and explain:

The following group is a substituent on a molecule. What is an accepted IUPAC name for this group? $\mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { CH } - \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } -$

Instructions: Assign E or Z configurations to each alkene below. Assign:

Instructions: Add curved arrows to the following reaction(s) to indicate the flow of electrons in each. Indicate flow:

Instructions: Draw structures corresponding to each name below. Draw: trans-4,4-dimethylpent-2-ene

Instructions: Match each definition to one of the terms below. 1. The energy rueeded by reactarts to reach the trarsition state. $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ trarisition state _____ 2. A species that lies at ary energy maximum during an $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ activation individual step in a reactior. $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ energy ____

Instructions: Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s). 1. The reactants are found at _______ on the diagram. $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Choice~ B$ _____ 2. The products are found at _______ on the diagram. $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Choice~ D$ _____ 3. The transition state is found at _______ on the diagram. $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Choice~ C$ _____ 4. The free-energy change for the reaction is indicated at _______ on the diagram. $~~~~~Choice~ A$ _____

Instructions: The reaction below is commonly used as a laboratory preparation of cyclohexene. Use this reaction to answer the following question(s). Refer to instructions. The forward and reverse reactions are classified, respectively, as:

In an organic reaction, which of the following is most likely to function as only a nucleophile?

Instructions: Draw structures corresponding to each name below. Draw: (3E)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,3,6-triene

Name this compound.

Instructions: Match each definition to one of the terms below. 1. A reaction that involves a species with an unpaired electron $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ radical reaction _____ 2. Another term used for a Lewis acid. $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ electrophile ______

Predict the product of the following reaction of Prostaglandin H₂ by interpreting the flow of electrons as indicated by the curved arrows.

Instructions: Pent-2-ene is an example of a disubstituted alkene. Use this alkene to answer the following question(s). $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } = \mathrm { CHCH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 3 }$ Refer to instructions. Draw the cis and trans isomers of pent-2-ene and label them.

Which of the following substituents has the highest priority according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system?