Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Sheryl often helps Jessica without any expectation that Jessica will return the favor soon.Sheryl and Jessica probably have a(n) ____ relationship.

Amberly's house has burned down,and local news channels announce that Amberly will need household items to replace those lost in the fire.Which of the following is most likely?

When community service work is required by a school or business,there is the downside risk that people will infer that they are volunteering only because it is required and will be less likely to freely volunteer in the future.This risk is known as the ____.

Jack and Robert have a communal relationship.When Jack asks for help or a favor,what is Robert most likely to think?

Which of the following emotions is not associated with promoting helping behavior,according to research on feeling bad and doing good?

Some have speculated that people in rural areas are more likely to help than are people in urban areas because "trust" and "being neighborly" are more valued in rural than in urban settings.Were this true,who would be most likely to help a stranger who needed assistance?

Recent research described in the textbook (Garcia et al.,2002)indicates that people can experience diffusion of responsibility even if they are all by themselves.Which of the following situations is most likely to create such a diffusion of responsibility effect and might reduce the probability of (for example)donating to a charity?

The authors provide the text of a UPI story describing the discovery of the bones of a disabled dwarf in a cave in northern Italy.The reporters speculate that over 12,000 years ago,early hominids would take care of the disabled members of their group. ____ would argue that the bones belonged to a dwarf who was related to the other cave inhabitants,whereas ____ would argue that the other inhabitants relied on the dwarf for some unknown purpose.

Based on evidence from studies by Burnstein and his colleagues on evolutionary explanations of helping behavior,whom would you be the most likely to help if she had just spilled the contents of her purse?

If the urban overload hypothesis (Milgram,1970)is true, ____ to help a fallen pedestrian on the streets of New York City because ____.

In order to best predict whether people will help another person,it is best to know something about ____ and ____

Reuben has three cats at home and doesn't want another one.Still,on the way home from work,he stops to rescue a kitten from the highway.This is an example of ____ behavior.

Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes and the crash of metal-on- metal.She looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations.Because these cool and calm responses ____ ,Gillian will be ____.

According to Daniel Batson (1991),when people experience empathy with another in need, ____ motivates helping.

One of the major problems with the empathy-altruism hypothesis,which Batson himself admits,is that

When viewing a commercial for a local charity,who would be the most likely to later contribute to the charity?

Harris,Benson,and Hall (1975)found that people were ____ likely to help ____ they attended confession.

Pluralistic ignorance is to ____ as diffusion of responsibility is to ____

According to research by Dan Batson and his colleagues ,when empathy is ,people ____.

During a study by Oishi (2006),participants played a trivia game against four other students.Participants were allowed to help the other players,even though it could cause them to lose the game.Under what conditions were participants more likely to help other players? When they