Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

In support for the empathy-altruism hypothesis,Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982)found that participants were most likely to help a student named Carol who was injured in an automobile accident when they were told

A number of studies have revealed that doing well on a test,receiving a gift,and listening to pleasant music can increase helping.These consistent findings across investigations suggest that there is ____ a relation between ____ and helping.

According to research on the impact of religion on helping behavior,who will be most likely make an anonymous donation to a sick child?

Malika and Alicia are out shopping when they are asked to contribute to AIDS research.Malika has just received an A- on her psychology exam; Alicia has just received a D.According to your text,who is most likely to contribute?

____ theory predicts when there are exceptions to the general rule that we will be more likely to help friends than strangers.

Evolutionary psychology would have the most trouble explaining which of the following incidents?

Using the stage model of the decisions bystanders make before helping (or not helping)in an emergency,which of the following is not one of the stages in the model?

In the grocery store one evening,Yolanda is in a good mood after earning a promotion at work,but Trudy is feeling quite guilty for stealing office supplies from work.When another shopper collapses on the ground unconscious,Yolanda would be likely to help according to the ____,while Trudy would be likely to help according to the ____.

According to Nobel laureate Herbert Simon (1990),norms (such as the reciprocity norm)that encourage altruism have become part of human cultures because

Andrew would be more likely to help than Carol in which of the following situations,based purely on the gender differences discussed by the authors of your text?

All of the following factors that promote prosocial behavior except ____ have been "ingrained in our genes," according to the theorizing of evolutionary psychologists.

When it comes to helping behavior,

Some evolutionary psychologists argue that in our distant past,those who selfishly pursued their own individual interests would be less likely to survive to pass on their genes.This argument lies at the heart of ____ as a source of altruistic behavior.

The authors provide the text of a UPI story describing the discovery of the bones of a disabled dwarf in a cave in northern Italy.The evidence recovered was interpreted by anthropologists to suggest that

A child starts to cry after she sees her best friend trip and scrape her knee.The child's behavior is most likely an example of

In today's world,people are more and more likely to relocate during their lifetime.Explain the implications this has for helping behavior.

Jim dives into the water to help his drowning sister; Ivan dives into the water to help a total stranger because he wanted to impress his new girlfriend and is a trained lifeguard.Jim's motive to help is best explained by ____,while Ivan's motive to help is best explained by ____.

Helga stops and helps Bjorn change a flat tire along the road because she figures that one day she'll need help and someone will return the favor.This best illustrates the idea of

People in interdependent cultures are

In research by Beaman and his colleagues (1978)described in the text,participants were exposed to a lecture on social-psychological factors which inhibit helping.Later,these participants were put into a potential helping situation.The results suggest that