Question 1

It is ____ to miss a bus by five minutes than to miss it by an hour because ____.

Accepted Answer

A) less distressing; you don't have to wait as long for the next bus 
B) more distressing; it's easier to imagine what you might have done to catch the bus 
C) less distressing; it's easier to imagine what you might have done to catch the bus 
D) more distressing; images of the people waiting for you are more available in memory 
A) less distressing; you don't have to wait as long for the next bus 
B) more distressing; it's easier to imagine what you might have done to catch the bus 
C) less distressing; it's easier to imagine what you might have done to catch the bus 
D) more distressing; images of the people waiting for you are more available in memory B

Question 2

The textbook indicates that self-fulfilling prophecies are most likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

A) the perceiver is distracted and not able to fully attend to the interaction. 
B) the perceiver is motivated to form an accurate impression. 
C) the target is distracted and not able to fully attend to the interaction. 
D) the target is motivated to be perceived accurately. 
A) the perceiver is distracted and not able to fully attend to the interaction. 
B) the perceiver is motivated to form an accurate impression. 
C) the target is distracted and not able to fully attend to the interaction. 
D) the target is motivated to be perceived accurately. A

Question 3

Culture can influence our schemas by influencing

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of cognitive activity required to engage socially. 
B) our ability to creatively interpret the world. 
C) what we notice and remember. 
D) how long we attend to important information. 
A) the amount of cognitive activity required to engage socially. 
B) our ability to creatively interpret the world. 
C) what we notice and remember. 
D) how long we attend to important information. C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Some people are controlled processors while others are automatic processors. 
B) People generally use controlled processing unless a domain is familiar enough that they can use automatic processing. 
C) A basic assumption of psychology that it is impossible to ever gain control over automatic processes. 
D) Both automatic and controlled processing can lead to consequential errors. 
A) Some people are controlled processors while others are automatic processors. 
B) People generally use controlled processing unless a domain is familiar enough that they can use automatic processing. 
C) A basic assumption of psychology that it is impossible to ever gain control over automatic processes. 
D) Both automatic and controlled processing can lead to consequential errors.

Question 5

Karen is so used to driving to her boyfriend's house that when she is taking her little brother to softball practice early one morning,before she is fully awake,she finds herself driving to her boyfriend's house instead.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) judgmental heuristics. 
B) counterfactual thinking. 
C) controlled processing. 
D) automatic processing. 
A) judgmental heuristics. 
B) counterfactual thinking. 
C) controlled processing. 
D) automatic processing.

Question 6

According to the authors of your text,what are the three reasons why schemas become accessible?

Accepted Answer

A) chronic accessibility due to experience; a current goal; priming 
B) priming; recent experiences; current goals 
C) chronic accessibility due to experience; priming; base rate information 
D) priming; chronic accessibility due to experience; non-applicable information 
A) chronic accessibility due to experience; a current goal; priming 
B) priming; recent experiences; current goals 
C) chronic accessibility due to experience; priming; base rate information 
D) priming; chronic accessibility due to experience; non-applicable information

Question 7

A mother who has tragically lost a daughter in a car accident spends her days rehearsing "if onlys": "If only I had made her stay home that night"; "if only she had taken Route 78 instead of Route 22"; "if only I had offered to chauffeur her instead of letting her drive herself." The mother is engaging in the process known as

Accepted Answer

A) counterfactual thinking. 
B) blaming the victim. 
C) the availability heuristic. 
D) the self-fulfilling prophecy. 
A) counterfactual thinking. 
B) blaming the victim. 
C) the availability heuristic. 
D) the self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) People make reasoning errors only when they are in the automatic processing mode. 
B) People tend to switch from automatic to controlled thinking when they are highly motivated. 
C) People tend to switch from controlled to automatic thinking when they are tired or distracted. 
D) Both automatic and controlled processing are adaptive and useful. 
A) People make reasoning errors only when they are in the automatic processing mode. 
B) People tend to switch from automatic to controlled thinking when they are highly motivated. 
C) People tend to switch from controlled to automatic thinking when they are tired or distracted. 
D) Both automatic and controlled processing are adaptive and useful.

Question 9

Why does the availability heuristic sometimes lead to incorrect inferences?

Accepted Answer

A) What is easily brought to mind may not be typical of the big picture. 
B) People wrongly assume that correlation implies causation. 
C) What looks like the typical case may not be representative of the typical case. 
D) People are far better at making inferences about themselves than about others. 
A) What is easily brought to mind may not be typical of the big picture. 
B) People wrongly assume that correlation implies causation. 
C) What looks like the typical case may not be representative of the typical case. 
D) People are far better at making inferences about themselves than about others.

Question 10

All of the following describe controlled thinking except

Accepted Answer

A) conscious. 
B) effortless. 
C) considers only one thing at a time. 
D) requires mental energy. 
A) conscious. 
B) effortless. 
C) considers only one thing at a time. 
D) requires mental energy.

Question 11

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and therefore likely to be used in making social judgments is called

Accepted Answer

A) functionality. 
B) accessibility. 
C) primacy. 
D) recency. 
A) functionality. 
B) accessibility. 
C) primacy. 
D) recency.

Question 12

Based on information from your text about cultural differences in thinking,complete the analogy: Western: ____:: Eastern: ____.

Accepted Answer

A) holistic; context 
B) context; details 
C) analytic; holistic 
D) properties; analytic 
A) holistic; context 
B) context; details 
C) analytic; holistic 
D) properties; analytic

Question 13

The cocktail party effect refers to

Accepted Answer

A) one's inability to use controlled processes while inebriated. 
B) the difficulties people have in making accurate judgments during a hangover. 
C) the change in which heuristics people rely on when they are under the influence of alcohol. 
D) the automatic shift in attention when you hear your name,but were already engaged in a conversation. 
A) one's inability to use controlled processes while inebriated. 
B) the difficulties people have in making accurate judgments during a hangover. 
C) the change in which heuristics people rely on when they are under the influence of alcohol. 
D) the automatic shift in attention when you hear your name,but were already engaged in a conversation.

Question 14

Ms.Honeywell is an elementary school teacher who maintains that in her thirty-five years of experience,boys just tend to do better at math than girls.Recently,she has read a number of studies that show that girls and boys actually have about the same level of math ability.Based on information about how teachers create and sustain self-fulfilling prophecies,what is Ms.Honeywell most likely to think about the study results?

Accepted Answer

A) "Well,I guess everyone is wrong once in a while-maybe boys and girls are the same." 
B) "I don't buy it-three times as many boys as girls in my classes have excelled at math." 
C) "Come to think of it,I think girls may actually be better than boys." 
D) "Who cares,girls are better than boys at reading anyway-the differences even out." 
A) "Well,I guess everyone is wrong once in a while-maybe boys and girls are the same." 
B) "I don't buy it-three times as many boys as girls in my classes have excelled at math." 
C) "Come to think of it,I think girls may actually be better than boys." 
D) "Who cares,girls are better than boys at reading anyway-the differences even out."

Question 15

We are most likely to rely on schemas when the situation we confront is

Accepted Answer

A) arousing. 
B) ambiguous. 
C) exciting. 
D) forgettable. 
A) arousing. 
B) ambiguous. 
C) exciting. 
D) forgettable.

Question 16

____ are the cognitive structures we use to organize our knowledge of the social world.

Accepted Answer

A) Heuristics 
B) Schemas 
C) Cognitive filters 
D) Counterfactuals 
A) Heuristics 
B) Schemas 
C) Cognitive filters 
D) Counterfactuals

Question 17

Based on the results from studies conducted by both Payne and Cornell,how would most participants in their studies behave if they encountered the same situation as the police officers who assaulted Diallo?

Accepted Answer

A) It is likely that ordinary people would have behaved the same way and shot him. 
B) It is highly unlikely that most average people would have so quickly turned to violence. 
C) Most average people would have resorted to violence,but only as a last resort. 
D) There is no evidence from these studies that ordinary people would be more likely to shoot an African- American than a Caucasian. 
A) It is likely that ordinary people would have behaved the same way and shot him. 
B) It is highly unlikely that most average people would have so quickly turned to violence. 
C) Most average people would have resorted to violence,but only as a last resort. 
D) There is no evidence from these studies that ordinary people would be more likely to shoot an African- American than a Caucasian.

Question 18

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: ____:: holistic thinking style: ____.

Accepted Answer

A) United States; Korea 
B) Great Britain; Italy 
C) Japan; China 
D) Spain; Portugal 
A) United States; Korea 
B) Great Britain; Italy 
C) Japan; China 
D) Spain; Portugal

Question 19

Allison is a very sweet,intelligent,amicable person.However,Joe hears from her ex-boyfriend that she is hard to get along with and very snobby.According to research on the self-fulfilling prophecy,

Accepted Answer

A) Joe acts in a neutral way toward Allison,even though he has heard bad things about her. 
B) Joe acts in an unfriendly way toward Allison.This in turn causes Allison to act unfriendly toward Joe,and Joe to believe that her ex-boyfriend was right about her. 
C) Joe acts in an unfriendly way toward Allison,yet he finds her to be very amicable and decides that her ex-boyfriend must not know her very well. 
D) Joe acts in a friendly way toward Allison even though he has heard bad things about her,and finds her to be much friendlier than her ex-boyfriend said she was. 
A) Joe acts in a neutral way toward Allison,even though he has heard bad things about her. 
B) Joe acts in an unfriendly way toward Allison.This in turn causes Allison to act unfriendly toward Joe,and Joe to believe that her ex-boyfriend was right about her. 
C) Joe acts in an unfriendly way toward Allison,yet he finds her to be very amicable and decides that her ex-boyfriend must not know her very well. 
D) Joe acts in a friendly way toward Allison even though he has heard bad things about her,and finds her to be much friendlier than her ex-boyfriend said she was.

Question 20

Barbara is distracted at work because she cannot stop thinking about her upcoming wedding.She decides that the best way to avoid those distracting thoughts is to immerse herself in the multiple demands of her job.Why is this strategy actually counterproductive in suppressing those thoughts of her wedding? Too many cognitive demands

Accepted Answer

A) are placed on her operating process. 
B) are placed on her monitoring process. 
C) halt automatic processing. 
D) increase controlled processing. 
A) are placed on her operating process. 
B) are placed on her monitoring process. 
C) halt automatic processing. 
D) increase controlled processing.

It is to miss a bus by five minutes than to miss it by an hour because .

The textbook indicates that self-fulfilling prophecies are most likely to occur when

Culture can influence our schemas by influencing

Which of the following statements is true?

Karen is so used to driving to her boyfriend's house that when she is taking her little brother to softball practice early one morning,before she is fully awake,she finds herself driving to her boyfriend's house instead.This is an example of

According to the authors of your text,what are the three reasons why schemas become accessible?

Which of the following statements is false?

Why does the availability heuristic sometimes lead to incorrect inferences?

All of the following describe controlled thinking except

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and therefore likely to be used in making social judgments is called

Based on information from your text about cultural differences in thinking,complete the analogy: Western: :: Eastern: .

The cocktail party effect refers to

We are most likely to rely on schemas when the situation we confront is

____ are the cognitive structures we use to organize our knowledge of the social world.

Based on the results from studies conducted by both Payne and Cornell,how would most participants in their studies behave if they encountered the same situation as the police officers who assaulted Diallo?

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: :: holistic thinking style: .

Allison is a very sweet,intelligent,amicable person.However,Joe hears from her ex-boyfriend that she is hard to get along with and very snobby.According to research on the self-fulfilling prophecy,

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

It is ____ to miss a bus by five minutes than to miss it by an hour because ____.

The textbook indicates that self-fulfilling prophecies are most likely to occur when

Culture can influence our schemas by influencing

Which of the following statements is true?

Karen is so used to driving to her boyfriend's house that when she is taking her little brother to softball practice early one morning,before she is fully awake,she finds herself driving to her boyfriend's house instead.This is an example of

According to the authors of your text,what are the three reasons why schemas become accessible?

Which of the following statements is false?

Why does the availability heuristic sometimes lead to incorrect inferences?

All of the following describe controlled thinking except

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and therefore likely to be used in making social judgments is called

Based on information from your text about cultural differences in thinking,complete the analogy: Western: ____:: Eastern: ____.

The cocktail party effect refers to

We are most likely to rely on schemas when the situation we confront is

____ are the cognitive structures we use to organize our knowledge of the social world.

Based on the results from studies conducted by both Payne and Cornell,how would most participants in their studies behave if they encountered the same situation as the police officers who assaulted Diallo?

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: ____:: holistic thinking style: ____.

Allison is a very sweet,intelligent,amicable person.However,Joe hears from her ex-boyfriend that she is hard to get along with and very snobby.According to research on the self-fulfilling prophecy,

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

It is to miss a bus by five minutes than to miss it by an hour because .

Based on information from your text about cultural differences in thinking,complete the analogy: Western: :: Eastern: .

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: :: holistic thinking style: .