Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

The availability heuristic is associated with which of the following characteristics of schemas?

Recall that Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson (1968)informed grade-school teachers that some of their students (called "bloomers")would show great academic improvement in the upcoming year.Also recall that students labeled "bloomers" actually showed greater increases on IQ tests compared to students who were not labeled "bloomers." These differences occurred because teachers

Several studies conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues involved showing participants two similar pictures and asking them to find the differences between them.Nisbett and colleagues found that Western participants had a more ____ thinking style,and East participants had a more ____ thinking style.

How do we decide which schema to use in processing an ambiguous stimulus?

Consider the results from a study by Miyamoto and colleagues in which participants viewed either photos of U.S.city scenes or Japanese city scenes,then were asked to detect differences between two similar pictures.Based on their findings,if an American was touring in Tokyo,Japan,which of the following aspects of a picture would she be most likely to pick up on?

In the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007)presented in your text,when participants were primed with ____,they left more money for another person.

Kayla has been under a lot of stress from school,her sorority,her friends,and her significant other.According to information about thought suppression and mental health,how should Kayla deal with the stress?

In the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007)presented in your text,when participants were primed with words related to God or fairness to others,they behaved ____.

Several studies conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues involved showing participants two similar pictures and asking them to find the differences between them.Nisbett and colleagues found that East Asian participants were more likely to focus on ____,and Western participants focused more on ____.

Studies by Payne and Cornell indicated that college students exhibit the "shooter bias," and were more likely to shoot at Black than White characters in a video game.What is one valid implication from these studies?

Recall Victoria Medvec and her colleagues' (1995)study of the emotions experienced by Olympic athletes who won bronze and silver medals.If silver medalists outperformed bronze medalists,why were they less happy?

Several studies conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues involved showing participants two similar pictures and asking them to find the differences between them.Nisbett and colleagues found a(n) ____ difference in how participants described the differences.

Based on the study by Nisbett and his colleagues on statistical reasoning across four disciplines,which person would you count on to solve a statistical reasoning problem accurately?

According to the text,racial profiling (when the police and security officials stop pedestrians,motorists,and airline passengers on the basis of their race),is probably due to ____ because ____.

Assume that the winning lottery ticket was purchased at the convenience store just around the corner from your house.According to research on counterfactual thinking,you would probably feel worse than if the winning ticket had been purchased all the way across the state,because

Which of the following is not an example of automatic thinking?

Automatic thinking is ____ while controlled thinking is ____.

When are we most likely to use automatic processing,and when are we most likely to use controlled processing?

When Robin meets her friend's new roommate,she sees that she has easels and paints strewn about,and has decorated her side of the room with lots of hand-made ceramic pots and paintings.At first,Robin is most likely

Tom and Julius are both in line for a movie,but it sells out before either of them can get tickets.Tom is the last person in line,but Julius is directly behind the person who got the last ticket.Based on the idea of counterfactual reasoning,why will Julius be more upset than Tom?