Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

When people use information about the relative frequency of members of different categories in the population to make judgments (e.g.,percentage of out-of-state students at a state university),they are using

A study by Bargh and Pietromonaco (1982)described in the text flashed words such as hostile and unkind on a computer screen so fast that participants only saw a flash of light and did not consciously see the words. This study demonstrated that priming effects

Miyamoto and colleagues conducted a study in which participants viewed either photos of U.S.city scenes or Japanese city scenes,then were asked to detect differences between two similar pictures.They found that participants who viewed Japanese city scenes were more likely to detect changes in

When most Americans walk into a fast food restaurant chain,they know they should walk up to the counter to order,pay,and pick up their food,rather than sit down and wait to be served.This knowledge of how to act in such a situation is called a

When Ashley first starts typing,she uses the "hunt and peck" method and finds typing very effortful.Now,after taking a typing class,she feels like her papers practically type themselves once she figures out what she wants to say.This change in her typing reflects

Iain is from Australia,where people drive on the left-hand side of the road.When he moved to the United States,his accident rate was higher than any of his friends'.Why might this be?

Jennifer was walking along the street when she saw a man run out of a convenience store clutching on to a bag.The owner of the store runs out and shouts for the man to stop and come back.Jennifer immediately assumes that there has been a robbery,not that the man was in a hurry and forgot his change.How did she fill in this gap in her knowledge of the situation?

Diana currently has a goal to lose fifteen pounds by the summer,and she notices that lately her friend,Sarah,hasn't been eating much.Based on your text's discussion of how current goals can affect accessibility,how is Diana most likely to interpret Sarah's behavior?

Alice goes to see a rerun of Jaws (a movie about a vicious shark)a few days before she takes off to Florida on spring break.On break,she finds that she is now too nervous to spend much time actually in the water,since she is convinced that anything she sees in the water is a shark.Her heightened sensitivity is due to

Recall that Higgins,Rholes,and Jones (1977)had participants memorize a number of words before reading an ambiguous passage about a character named Donald.The words participants read influenced how they interpreted Donald's somewhat ambiguous behavior.The take-home message of this study is that thoughts have to be ____ before they affect our impressions of the social world.

All of the following except ____ make our schemas highly resistant to change.

When you meet your new roommate for the first time,he is wearing glasses,listening to classical music,and reading a copy of the New York Review of Books.You think,"Well,maybe rooming with an intellectual this year will be good for me." You instantly categorized your roommate as an intellectual on the basis of

You were supposed to make an important presentation at work,but you overslept,the bus was late,and you missed the meeting.If you are able to generate many ways in which to "undo" this terrible outcome,you will experience ____ emotional reaction.

Korsakov's syndrome is a neurological disorder that makes sufferers unable to form new memories.The world is disorienting and incoherent to patients with this disorder,so they often confabulate and invent fictions to make the world less scary and confusing.A social psychologist might say that these patients

Self-fulfilling prophecies can best be defined as

Which of the following is not true about the difference between automatic and controlled thinking? Automatic thinking tends to be ____,whereas controlled thinking tends to be ____.

In a study on facilitated communication,headphones were used to ask the communication-impaired person one question and the facilitator a different question (unbeknownst to the two parties).Then the answers provided by the communication-impaired person with the help of the facilitator were examined.Findings indicated that

Research suggests that self-fulfilling prophecies are more likely to occur

Self-fulfilling prophecies may be overcome,even when a perceiver has a strong expectation,if the perceiver is motivated to be accurate and

Based on information from the authors of your text on gender difference in scholastic performance,an average high school senior,Lindsay,is most likely to outperform another average high school senior,Robert,in which of the following areas?