Question 1

Breaking the stimulus into uniform parts is the process called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gestalt 
B)  perceptual processing 
C)  figure-ground distinctions 
D)  good continuation 
A)  gestalt 
B)  perceptual processing 
C)  figure-ground distinctions 
D)  good continuation

Question 2

Certain devices, like the child's View-Master toy, make photographs look like three-dimensional images. How are they able to do this?

Accepted Answer

A)  by presenting slightly different images to each eye 
B)  by presenting slightly different images, one right after the other 
C)  by slowly moving the photograph toward the viewer 
D)  by quickly moving the photograph toward the viewer 
A)  by presenting slightly different images to each eye 
B)  by presenting slightly different images, one right after the other 
C)  by slowly moving the photograph toward the viewer 
D)  by quickly moving the photograph toward the viewer

Question 3

What do gestalt psychologists argue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Forms are defined by their component parts. 
B)  Forms are recognized by the firing of relevant feature detectors. 
C)  The whole form is more than the sum of its parts. 
D)  Both a and b. 
A)  Forms are defined by their component parts. 
B)  Forms are recognized by the firing of relevant feature detectors. 
C)  The whole form is more than the sum of its parts. 
D)  Both a and b.

Question 4

What type of pattern recognition starts with features and gradually builds up to more complex structures, such as letters, words, and phrases?

Accepted Answer

A)  top-down processing 
B)  knowledge-driven processing 
C)  bottom-up processing 
D)  both a and b 
A)  top-down processing 
B)  knowledge-driven processing 
C)  bottom-up processing 
D)  both a and b

Question 5

In the accompanying figure, the 13s in the top and bottom rows are identical, but the one on top is perceived as a letter while the one on the bottom is perceived as a number. Why might this difference in perception occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  because of top-down processing effects 
B)  because we try to impose organization on top-down processes 
C)  because feature detection is a data-driven process 
D)  because we try to maintain a sense of constancy in perception 
A)  because of top-down processing effects 
B)  because we try to impose organization on top-down processes 
C)  because feature detection is a data-driven process 
D)  because we try to maintain a sense of constancy in perception

Question 6

Which of the following depth cues requires the use of two eyes?

Accepted Answer

A)  motion parallax 
B)  relative size 
C)  optic flow 
D)  binocular disparity 
A)  motion parallax 
B)  relative size 
C)  optic flow 
D)  binocular disparity

Question 7

There are a number of depth cues, and we rely on all of them depending on the situation in which we find ourselves as perceivers. Why, according to some theorists, did natural selection favor a system influenced by so many cues, especially given that the information provided by these cues is so often redundant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different cues become important in different circumstances. 
B)  Certain cues drop out of function as we get older and more experienced in a world of objects. 
C)  Each cue is executed by a different specific brain region, and each of these brain regions operates independently of the others. 
D)  Natural selection always favors redundancy of function, so the case of perception is not unique. 
A)  Different cues become important in different circumstances. 
B)  Certain cues drop out of function as we get older and more experienced in a world of objects. 
C)  Each cue is executed by a different specific brain region, and each of these brain regions operates independently of the others. 
D)  Natural selection always favors redundancy of function, so the case of perception is not unique.

Question 8

Gestalt psychologists take which of the following positions with respect to perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  The whole equals the sum of its parts. 
B)  Perceptual parsing usually results in illusions. 
C)  How or whether we perceive something depends on the organization of a pattern. 
D)  Perception is "bottom-up." 
A)  The whole equals the sum of its parts. 
B)  Perceptual parsing usually results in illusions. 
C)  How or whether we perceive something depends on the organization of a pattern. 
D)  Perception is "bottom-up."

Question 9

When looking down a rocky beach, you see individual stones nearby, but farther away you can see only a rough-looking terrain. What does this example best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  texture gradients 
B)  interposition 
C)  linear perspective 
D)  motion parallax 
A)  texture gradients 
B)  interposition 
C)  linear perspective 
D)  motion parallax

Question 10

Jasmine has visual agnosia. She is holding a long-stem red rose. What will Jasmine be unable to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  see the rose 
B)  identify the rose as a "rose" 
C)  draw a picture of the rose 
D)  both a and b 
A)  see the rose 
B)  identify the rose as a "rose" 
C)  draw a picture of the rose 
D)  both a and b

Question 11

What does the proximity law of perceptual organization assert?

Accepted Answer

A)  We tend to perceive stimuli as a perceptual whole due to the emphasis placed on relationships between component parts. 
B)  We tend to perceive figures that are close together in space as belonging together. 
C)  We tend to separate figure from ground. 
D)  We tend to complete figures that have gaps in them. 
A)  We tend to perceive stimuli as a perceptual whole due to the emphasis placed on relationships between component parts. 
B)  We tend to perceive figures that are close together in space as belonging together. 
C)  We tend to separate figure from ground. 
D)  We tend to complete figures that have gaps in them.

Question 12

What is true of a situation in which we attempt to interpret an ambiguous figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primitive features do not connect with each other in logical ways. 
B)  Bottom-up processing does not occur. 
C)  Our perception routinely goes beyond the information given to us. 
D)  We process the entire array simultaneously and in parallel, which results in an overload in top-down processing. 
A)  Primitive features do not connect with each other in logical ways. 
B)  Bottom-up processing does not occur. 
C)  Our perception routinely goes beyond the information given to us. 
D)  We process the entire array simultaneously and in parallel, which results in an overload in top-down processing.

Question 13

A hierarchy of feature detectors are typically referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  feature nets 
B)  top-up processing 
C)  gestalt interpreters 
D)  figure-ground analysis 
A)  feature nets 
B)  top-up processing 
C)  gestalt interpreters 
D)  figure-ground analysis

Question 14

Looking out the window while seated on a stationary train, Rebecca sees another stationary train on the next track. One of the trains begins to move, and Rebecca is not sure whether her train is moving or if the other train is moving. What phenomenon is responsible for this confusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  induced motion 
B)  apparent movement 
C)  motion parallax 
D)  the correspondence problem 
A)  induced motion 
B)  apparent movement 
C)  motion parallax 
D)  the correspondence problem

Question 15

Why do we have multiple depth cues available to us?

Accepted Answer

A)  None of the cues is very informative on its own. 
B)  Different cues are effective under different circumstances. 
C)  Some of the cues often give misleading information. 
D)  There is no good explanation for redundancy in depth perception. 
A)  None of the cues is very informative on its own. 
B)  Different cues are effective under different circumstances. 
C)  Some of the cues often give misleading information. 
D)  There is no good explanation for redundancy in depth perception.

Question 16

What inference is most reasonable from studies of visual searches where the target stimulus "pops out" when placed in an array of stimuli that differ from the target in one specific way?

Accepted Answer

A)  The attribute that makes the one stimulus differ from the others may be a perceptual primitive. 
B)  Looking at such an array requires a series of steps of information processing. 
C)  Figure-ground separation requires sharp boundaries. 
D)  In the visual search task, top-down processing is more important than bottom-up processing. 
A)  The attribute that makes the one stimulus differ from the others may be a perceptual primitive. 
B)  Looking at such an array requires a series of steps of information processing. 
C)  Figure-ground separation requires sharp boundaries. 
D)  In the visual search task, top-down processing is more important than bottom-up processing.

Question 17

When perception is largely data-driven, determined by the incoming stimulus information, it is said to be __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gestalt 
B)  bottom-up 
C)  top-down 
D)  primed 
A)  gestalt 
B)  bottom-up 
C)  top-down 
D)  primed

Question 18

A person with only one eye could perceive depth by using which cue(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  linear perspective 
B)  texture gradients 
C)  relative size 
D)  all of the above 
A)  linear perspective 
B)  texture gradients 
C)  relative size 
D)  all of the above

Question 19

A patient with visual agnosia is looking at his house key. What will he most likely have difficulty with?

Accepted Answer

A)  describing the key 
B)  identifying the object as a key 
C)  seeing the key 
D)  using the depth cues needed to insert the key into the lock 
A)  describing the key 
B)  identifying the object as a key 
C)  seeing the key 
D)  using the depth cues needed to insert the key into the lock

Question 20

When perceiving an image, what is the most important element or feature?

Accepted Answer

A)  each individual line or angle 
B)  the pattern or organization inherent in the image 
C)  the shadows and lighting 
D)  the colors used 
A)  each individual line or angle 
B)  the pattern or organization inherent in the image 
C)  the shadows and lighting 
D)  the colors used

Breaking the stimulus into uniform parts is the process called __________.

Certain devices, like the child's View-Master toy, make photographs look like three-dimensional images. How are they able to do this?

What do gestalt psychologists argue?

What type of pattern recognition starts with features and gradually builds up to more complex structures, such as letters, words, and phrases?

In the accompanying figure, the 13s in the top and bottom rows are identical, but the one on top is perceived as a letter while the one on the bottom is perceived as a number. Why might this difference in perception occur?

Which of the following depth cues requires the use of two eyes?

Gestalt psychologists take which of the following positions with respect to perception?

When looking down a rocky beach, you see individual stones nearby, but farther away you can see only a rough-looking terrain. What does this example best illustrate?

Jasmine has visual agnosia. She is holding a long-stem red rose. What will Jasmine be unable to do?

What does the proximity law of perceptual organization assert?

What is true of a situation in which we attempt to interpret an ambiguous figure?

A hierarchy of feature detectors are typically referred to as __________.

Looking out the window while seated on a stationary train, Rebecca sees another stationary train on the next track. One of the trains begins to move, and Rebecca is not sure whether her train is moving or if the other train is moving. What phenomenon is responsible for this confusion?

Why do we have multiple depth cues available to us?

What inference is most reasonable from studies of visual searches where the target stimulus "pops out" when placed in an array of stimuli that differ from the target in one specific way?

When perception is largely data-driven, determined by the incoming stimulus information, it is said to be __________.

A person with only one eye could perceive depth by using which cue(s)?

A patient with visual agnosia is looking at his house key. What will he most likely have difficulty with?

When perceiving an image, what is the most important element or feature?

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Exam 5: Perception

Breaking the stimulus into uniform parts is the process called __________.

Certain devices, like the child's View-Master toy, make photographs look like three-dimensional images. How are they able to do this?

What do gestalt psychologists argue?

What type of pattern recognition starts with features and gradually builds up to more complex structures, such as letters, words, and phrases?

In the accompanying figure, the 13s in the top and bottom rows are identical, but the one on top is perceived as a letter while the one on the bottom is perceived as a number. Why might this difference in perception occur?

Which of the following depth cues requires the use of two eyes?

Gestalt psychologists take which of the following positions with respect to perception?

When looking down a rocky beach, you see individual stones nearby, but farther away you can see only a rough-looking terrain. What does this example best illustrate?

Jasmine has visual agnosia. She is holding a long-stem red rose. What will Jasmine be unable to do?

What does the proximity law of perceptual organization assert?

What is true of a situation in which we attempt to interpret an ambiguous figure?

A hierarchy of feature detectors are typically referred to as __________.

Looking out the window while seated on a stationary train, Rebecca sees another stationary train on the next track. One of the trains begins to move, and Rebecca is not sure whether her train is moving or if the other train is moving. What phenomenon is responsible for this confusion?

Why do we have multiple depth cues available to us?

What inference is most reasonable from studies of visual searches where the target stimulus "pops out" when placed in an array of stimuli that differ from the target in one specific way?

When perception is largely data-driven, determined by the incoming stimulus information, it is said to be __________.

A person with only one eye could perceive depth by using which cue(s)?

A patient with visual agnosia is looking at his house key. What will he most likely have difficulty with?

When perceiving an image, what is the most important element or feature?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters