Question 1

Glucose can be classified as a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) aldoketose. 
B) aldopentose. 
C) aldohexose. 
D) ketopentose. 
E) ketohexose. 
A) aldoketose. 
B) aldopentose. 
C) aldohexose. 
D) ketopentose. 
E) ketohexose.

Question 2

Which of the following polysaccharides is used to inhibit blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

A) chitin 
B) heparin 
C) amylopectin 
D) hyaluronic acid 
A) chitin 
B) heparin 
C) amylopectin 
D) hyaluronic acid

Question 3

Match the following.
-polysaccharide

Accepted Answer

A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis 
A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis

Question 4

A sugar present in honey in a 50/50 ratio with glucose is

Accepted Answer

A) fructose. 
B) sucrose. 
C) maltose. 
D) glucose. 
E) mannose. 
A) fructose. 
B) sucrose. 
C) maltose. 
D) glucose. 
E) mannose.

Question 5

Match the following.
-enantiomers

Accepted Answer

A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis 
A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis

Question 6

Which of the following molecules has a common name of levulose or fruit sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) galactose 
C) ribose 
D) fructose 
E) mannose 
A) glucose 
B) galactose 
C) ribose 
D) fructose 
E) mannose

Question 7

Which molecule is not a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) lactose 
B) maltose 
C) sucrose 
D) glucose 
E) galactose 
A) lactose 
B) maltose 
C) sucrose 
D) glucose 
E) galactose

Question 8

Which molecule shown is d-glyceraldehyde?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 9

Match the following.
-maltose

Accepted Answer

A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis 
A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis

Question 10

Draw the Fisher projection for d-galactose using the Haworth structure shown.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Fisher projection for d-galactose using...

Question 11

Which molecule shown is a d-isomer?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D)

Question 12

Glucose and other monosaccharides react with ________ to form phosphate ester in biological systems.

Accepted Answer

A) ADP 
B) AMP 
C) phosphoric acid 
D) dihydrogen phosphate ion 
E) ATP 
A) ADP 
B) AMP 
C) phosphoric acid 
D) dihydrogen phosphate ion 
E) ATP

Question 13

Which of the following statements does not correctly describe functions of modified carbohydrate molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) Chitins act as a structural component of lobster shells. 
B) Heparins form a fibrous network in blood clots. 
C) As a component of hemoglobin they transport oxygen. 
D) As a receptor molecule on cell surfaces they assist in the functioning of the immune system. 
E) As a component of cartilage they provide support to joints. 
A) Chitins act as a structural component of lobster shells. 
B) Heparins form a fibrous network in blood clots. 
C) As a component of hemoglobin they transport oxygen. 
D) As a receptor molecule on cell surfaces they assist in the functioning of the immune system. 
E) As a component of cartilage they provide support to joints.

Question 14

Lactose results from reacting glucose at its ________ carbon and galactose at its ________ carbon.

Accepted Answer

A) 4;1 
B) 1;4 
C) 1;6 
D) 6;1 
E) 1;1 
A) 4;1 
B) 1;4 
C) 1;6 
D) 6;1 
E) 1;1

Question 15

Match the following.
-reducing sugar

Accepted Answer

A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis 
A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis

Question 16

Classify the molecule shown according to the location of its carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) aldotriose 
B) aldotetrose 
C) aldopentose 
D) ketotriose 
E) ketopentose 
A) aldotriose 
B) aldotetrose 
C) aldopentose 
D) ketotriose 
E) ketopentose

Question 17

Match the following.
-fructose

Accepted Answer

A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis 
A) a monosaccharide that is sweeter than sucrose and found in honey and fruits 
B) a monosaccharide that is a component of milk sugar 
C) mirror-image forms of chiral molecules 
D) a carbohydrate that can be oxidized to produce an acid molecule or its corresponding anion 
E) stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
F)a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose
G)a polysaccharide composed of glucose units joined by β-1,4 linkages
H)a very highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units
I)isomers of cyclic sugars that differ in the position of the hydroxyl group at the hemiacetal carbon atom
J)a carbohydrate composed of a large number of monosaccharides chemically combined
K)an aldopentose that is a component of nucleic acids
L)a component of starch composed of glucose units joined by a-1,4 linkages
M)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose
N)a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose
O)a monosaccharide that functions as the transport form of carbohydrates in blood
P)a carbohydrate that yields two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis

Question 18

How many stereoisomers of an aldopentose can exist?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 8 
D) 16 
E) 32 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 8 
D) 16 
E) 32

Question 19

Explain why cows and other grazing animals can eat grass and benefit from its nutritive value,but humans cannot.

Accepted Answer

Humans do not have the enzyme that break

Question 20

How many chiral carbons are contained in a molecule of ribose?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Exam 20: Carbohydrates

Glucose can be classified as a(an)

Which of the following polysaccharides is used to inhibit blood clotting?

Match the following. -polysaccharide

A sugar present in honey in a 50/50 ratio with glucose is

Match the following. -enantiomers

Which of the following molecules has a common name of levulose or fruit sugar?

Which molecule is not a reducing sugar?

Which molecule shown is d-glyceraldehyde?

Match the following. -maltose

Draw the Fisher projection for d-galactose using the Haworth structure shown.

Which molecule shown is a d-isomer?

Glucose and other monosaccharides react with ________ to form phosphate ester in biological systems.

Which of the following statements does not correctly describe functions of modified carbohydrate molecules?

Lactose results from reacting glucose at its ________ carbon and galactose at its ________ carbon.

Match the following. -reducing sugar

Classify the molecule shown according to the location of its carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms.

Match the following. -fructose

How many stereoisomers of an aldopentose can exist?

Explain why cows and other grazing animals can eat grass and benefit from its nutritive value,but humans cannot.

How many chiral carbons are contained in a molecule of ribose?

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

Body Fluids

Filters

Lactose results from reacting glucose at its carbon and galactose at its carbon.