Question 1

A nucleotide is composed of a ________ with a ________ added to it.

Accepted Answer

A) pentose;phosphate group 
B) pentose;nitrogen base 
C) nucleoside;nitrogen base 
D) nucleoside;phosphate group 
E) phosphate group;nitrogen base 
A) pentose;phosphate group 
B) pentose;nitrogen base 
C) nucleoside;nitrogen base 
D) nucleoside;phosphate group 
E) phosphate group;nitrogen base D

Question 2

Match the following.
-tRNA

Accepted Answer

A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis 
A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis F

Question 3

During the process of transcription,the base adenine in DNA pairs with the base ________ in the new mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) guanine 
B) thymine 
C) cytosine 
D) uracil 
E) adenine 
A) guanine 
B) thymine 
C) cytosine 
D) uracil 
E) adenine D

Question 4

Which base is normally found in DNA but not in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) thymine 
B) adenine 
C) guanine 
D) uracil 
E) cytosine 
A) thymine 
B) adenine 
C) guanine 
D) uracil 
E) cytosine

Question 5

The backbone of a nucleic acid molecule consists of

Accepted Answer

A) alternating sugar and phosphate groups linked by phosphate ester bonds. 
B) alternating sugar and nitrogen base groups linked by amide bonds. 
C) alternating nitrogen bases and phosphate groups linked by amide bonds and strengthened by hydrogen bonds. 
D) sugar molecules bonded from the #3 carbon of one molecule to the #5 carbon of the other by glycosidic linkages. 
E) complementary bases joined by hydrogen bonds. 
A) alternating sugar and phosphate groups linked by phosphate ester bonds. 
B) alternating sugar and nitrogen base groups linked by amide bonds. 
C) alternating nitrogen bases and phosphate groups linked by amide bonds and strengthened by hydrogen bonds. 
D) sugar molecules bonded from the #3 carbon of one molecule to the #5 carbon of the other by glycosidic linkages. 
E) complementary bases joined by hydrogen bonds.

Question 6

The nucleotide sequence in the mRNA that does not code for part of a protein is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) intron. 
B) exon. 
C) heterogenous nuclear RNA. 
D) gene. 
A) intron. 
B) exon. 
C) heterogenous nuclear RNA. 
D) gene.

Question 7

This question has three parts:
A)Describe the similarities and differences of purines and pyrimidines.
B)List the specific bases in each category that are important in nucleic acids.
C)Describe their interactions in DNA and RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) A purine is a molecule that consists

Question 8

Which nucleic acid carries the codon for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) rRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) mRNA 
A) DNA 
B) rRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) mRNA

Question 9

Which statement does not correctly describe structural differences between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. 
B) RNA molecules have a lower molecular mass than DNA molecules. 
C) RNA molecules are generally single-stranded. 
D) The sugar in RNA has one more hydroxyl group than the sugar in DNA. 
E) All of the statements are correct. 
A) RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. 
B) RNA molecules have a lower molecular mass than DNA molecules. 
C) RNA molecules are generally single-stranded. 
D) The sugar in RNA has one more hydroxyl group than the sugar in DNA. 
E) All of the statements are correct.

Question 10

Draw the full structure of the dinucleotide C-G.Identify the 5' and 3' ends of this dinucleotide.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the full structure of the dinucleotide...

Question 11

Which base is normally found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) thymine 
B) adenine 
C) guanine 
D) uracil 
E) cytosine 
A) thymine 
B) adenine 
C) guanine 
D) uracil 
E) cytosine

Question 12

Which of the following represents the correct order in the flow of genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A) tRNA → DNA → proteins 
B) mRNA → tRNA → proteins 
C) DNA → mRNA → proteins 
D) rRNA → mRNA → proteins 
E) DNA → tRNA → mRNA 
A) tRNA → DNA → proteins 
B) mRNA → tRNA → proteins 
C) DNA → mRNA → proteins 
D) rRNA → mRNA → proteins 
E) DNA → tRNA → mRNA

Question 13

A codon is

Accepted Answer

A) a sequence of three amino acids that translates to a specific nucleotide in RNA. 
B) a complex of proteins and DNA which is associated with cell division. 
C) all the segments of DNA needed to direct the production of a specific protein. 
D) a sequence of three nucleotides in RNA that codes for a specific amino acid or for chain termination. 
E) the collection of DNA that stores all the genetic information for an individual organism. 
A) a sequence of three amino acids that translates to a specific nucleotide in RNA. 
B) a complex of proteins and DNA which is associated with cell division. 
C) all the segments of DNA needed to direct the production of a specific protein. 
D) a sequence of three nucleotides in RNA that codes for a specific amino acid or for chain termination. 
E) the collection of DNA that stores all the genetic information for an individual organism.

Question 14

The process in which information contained in RNA is used to manufacture proteins is called

Accepted Answer

A) mutation. 
B) replication. 
C) transcription. 
D) translation. 
E) translocation. 
A) mutation. 
B) replication. 
C) transcription. 
D) translation. 
E) translocation.

Question 15

The type of nucleic acid that carries the amino acids to the protein chain that is growing in the ribosome is called

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) mRNA. 
C) rRNA. 
D) tRNA. 
E) RNA. 
A) DNA. 
B) mRNA. 
C) rRNA. 
D) tRNA. 
E) RNA.

Question 16

The initials DNA stand for

Accepted Answer

A) deribosenucleic acid. 
B) deoxyribonucleic acid. 
C) deoxyribonuclear acid. 
D) deribonucleic acid. 
E) none of these 
A) deribosenucleic acid. 
B) deoxyribonucleic acid. 
C) deoxyribonuclear acid. 
D) deribonucleic acid. 
E) none of these

Question 17

Match the following.
-purine bases

Accepted Answer

A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis 
A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis

Question 18

Draw the structure for the UMP nucleotide.Label all parts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure for the UMP nucleotide.Label...

Question 19

The nucleotide sequence of a gene that codes for the protein of interest is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) intron. 
B) exon. 
C) heterogenous nuclear RNA. 
D) gene. 
A) intron. 
B) exon. 
C) heterogenous nuclear RNA. 
D) gene.

Question 20

Which of the following codons signals the end of translation?

Accepted Answer

A) CAG 
B) UAA 
C) UCA 
D) GUA 
E) UGC 
A) CAG 
B) UAA 
C) UCA 
D) GUA 
E) UGC

Exam 26: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

A nucleotide is composed of a ________ with a ________ added to it.

Match the following. -tRNA

During the process of transcription,the base adenine in DNA pairs with the base ________ in the new mRNA.

Which base is normally found in DNA but not in RNA?

The backbone of a nucleic acid molecule consists of

The nucleotide sequence in the mRNA that does not code for part of a protein is a(n)

This question has three parts: A)Describe the similarities and differences of purines and pyrimidines. B)List the specific bases in each category that are important in nucleic acids. C)Describe their interactions in DNA and RNA.

Which nucleic acid carries the codon for protein synthesis?

Which statement does not correctly describe structural differences between DNA and RNA?

Draw the full structure of the dinucleotide C-G.Identify the 5' and 3' ends of this dinucleotide.

Which base is normally found in RNA but not in DNA?

Which of the following represents the correct order in the flow of genetic information?

A codon is

The process in which information contained in RNA is used to manufacture proteins is called

The type of nucleic acid that carries the amino acids to the protein chain that is growing in the ribosome is called

The initials DNA stand for

Match the following. -purine bases

Draw the structure for the UMP nucleotide.Label all parts.

The nucleotide sequence of a gene that codes for the protein of interest is called a(n)

Which of the following codons signals the end of translation?

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Genomics

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

Body Fluids

Filters

A nucleotide is composed of a with a added to it.