Question 1

The enzyme that removes an amine group from an amino acid and moves it to α-ketoglutarate is classified as a

Accepted Answer

A) ligase. 
B) phosphatase. 
C) transaminase. 
D) dehydrogenase. 
E) kinase. 
A) ligase. 
B) phosphatase. 
C) transaminase. 
D) dehydrogenase. 
E) kinase. C

Question 2

In the anabolism of amino acids,________ is the source of the amine group.

Accepted Answer

A) aspartate 
B) urea 
C) glutamate 
D) arginine 
E) phenylalanine 
A) aspartate 
B) urea 
C) glutamate 
D) arginine 
E) phenylalanine C

Question 3

Gout is a disease state that results from the precipitation of compounds containing ________ in joints in the hands and feet.

Accepted Answer

A) urate 
B) urea 
C) glutamate 
D) oxalate 
E) acetate 
A) urate 
B) urea 
C) glutamate 
D) oxalate 
E) acetate A

Question 4

Two key amino acids in the transfer or catabolism of amino groups are

Accepted Answer

A) aspartate and phenylalanine. 
B) aspartate and tyrosine. 
C) aspartate and glutamate. 
D) glutamate and asparagine. 
E) alanine and valine. 
A) aspartate and phenylalanine. 
B) aspartate and tyrosine. 
C) aspartate and glutamate. 
D) glutamate and asparagine. 
E) alanine and valine.

Question 5

The source of nitrogen for the synthesis of nonessential amino acids is

Accepted Answer

A) glutamate. 
B) acetate. 
C) pyruvate. 
D) oxaloacetate. 
E) urea. 
A) glutamate. 
B) acetate. 
C) pyruvate. 
D) oxaloacetate. 
E) urea.

Question 6

During catabolism of amino acids the carbon based intermediates can

Accepted Answer

A) enter storage as triglycerides. 
B) enter storage as glycogen. 
C) be converted into ketone bodies. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) enter storage as triglycerides. 
B) enter storage as glycogen. 
C) be converted into ketone bodies. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following processes is important when new amino acids are produced in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) deamination 
B) transamination 
C) urea cycle 
D) phosphorylation 
A) deamination 
B) transamination 
C) urea cycle 
D) phosphorylation

Question 8

Explain the difference between ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids.Identify the amino acids in each category.

Accepted Answer

The terms ketogenic and glucogenic refer

Question 9

When α-ketoglutarate accepts an amine group,it is converted to

Accepted Answer

A) glutamate. 
B) pyruvate. 
C) acetyl. 
D) transaminase. 
E) urea. 
A) glutamate. 
B) pyruvate. 
C) acetyl. 
D) transaminase. 
E) urea.

Question 10

One of the most important functions of amino acids is for the synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) pyruvate for energy. 
C) body proteins. 
D) purines and pyrimidines. 
A) glucose. 
B) pyruvate for energy. 
C) body proteins. 
D) purines and pyrimidines.

Question 11

Ketogenic amino acids cannot be converted into which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids 
B) glucose 
C) ketone bodies 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) They can be converted into all of the above. 
A) fatty acids 
B) glucose 
C) ketone bodies 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) They can be converted into all of the above.

Question 12

Which citric acid cycle intermediate is formed in the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) oxaloacetate 
B) succinate 
C) fumarate 
D) isocitrate 
E) malate 
A) oxaloacetate 
B) succinate 
C) fumarate 
D) isocitrate 
E) malate

Question 13

The conversion of nitrogen derivatives to urea takes place in the

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) kidneys. 
C) liver. 
D) brain. 
E) intestines. 
A) blood. 
B) kidneys. 
C) liver. 
D) brain. 
E) intestines.

Question 14

Which of the following enzymes is not involved in the digestion of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) pepsin 
B) amylase 
C) trypsin 
D) carboxypeptidase 
E) chymotrypsin 
A) pepsin 
B) amylase 
C) trypsin 
D) carboxypeptidase 
E) chymotrypsin

Question 15

Match the following.
-nonessential amino acid

Accepted Answer

A) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate,that ultimately becomes glucose 
B) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate that later becomes a ketone body or a fatty acid 
C) the biochemical pathway that converts nitrogen and its derivatives to a less toxic form for excretion 
D) an amino acid which can be synthesized by the human body as needed 
E) the collection of all the free amino acids in the body
F)the transfer of an amine group from an amino acid to an α-keto acid
G)an amino acid that must be obtained in the diet because humans do not have the appropriate anabolic pathways for its synthesis 
A) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate,that ultimately becomes glucose 
B) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate that later becomes a ketone body or a fatty acid 
C) the biochemical pathway that converts nitrogen and its derivatives to a less toxic form for excretion 
D) an amino acid which can be synthesized by the human body as needed 
E) the collection of all the free amino acids in the body
F)the transfer of an amine group from an amino acid to an α-keto acid
G)an amino acid that must be obtained in the diet because humans do not have the appropriate anabolic pathways for its synthesis

Question 16

If nitrogen is to be excreted from the body,it is converted to which chemical?

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia 
B) arginine 
C) glycine 
D) α-ketoglutarate 
E) urea 
A) ammonia 
B) arginine 
C) glycine 
D) α-ketoglutarate 
E) urea

Question 17

When the amino group of glutamate is replaced with a carbonyl group,the process is called

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis. 
B) oxidative deamination. 
C) reductive deamination. 
D) oxidative decarboxylation. 
E) phosphorylation. 
A) hydrolysis. 
B) oxidative deamination. 
C) reductive deamination. 
D) oxidative decarboxylation. 
E) phosphorylation.

Question 18

An essential amino acid is one that

Accepted Answer

A) is required for the synthesis of all proteins. 
B) must be obtained in the diet because the human body cannot synthesize it. 
C) can safely be omitted from the diet because the human body can produce it in unlimited amounts. 
D) must be provided in the diet for individuals with specific hereditary enzyme deficiencies. 
E) has a relatively simple carbon skeleton. 
A) is required for the synthesis of all proteins. 
B) must be obtained in the diet because the human body cannot synthesize it. 
C) can safely be omitted from the diet because the human body can produce it in unlimited amounts. 
D) must be provided in the diet for individuals with specific hereditary enzyme deficiencies. 
E) has a relatively simple carbon skeleton.

Question 19

The process by which an amino group of one amino acid is exchanged with the keto group of an α-ketoacid is called a

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative deamination. 
B) reductive deamination. 
C) transamination. 
D) hydrolysis. 
E) transfer reaction. 
A) oxidative deamination. 
B) reductive deamination. 
C) transamination. 
D) hydrolysis. 
E) transfer reaction.

Question 20

Match the following.
-ketogenic amino acid

Accepted Answer

A) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate,that ultimately becomes glucose 
B) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate that later becomes a ketone body or a fatty acid 
C) the biochemical pathway that converts nitrogen and its derivatives to a less toxic form for excretion 
D) an amino acid which can be synthesized by the human body as needed 
E) the collection of all the free amino acids in the body
F)the transfer of an amine group from an amino acid to an α-keto acid
G)an amino acid that must be obtained in the diet because humans do not have the appropriate anabolic pathways for its synthesis 
A) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate,that ultimately becomes glucose 
B) an amino acid whose carbon skeleton can be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate that later becomes a ketone body or a fatty acid 
C) the biochemical pathway that converts nitrogen and its derivatives to a less toxic form for excretion 
D) an amino acid which can be synthesized by the human body as needed 
E) the collection of all the free amino acids in the body
F)the transfer of an amine group from an amino acid to an α-keto acid
G)an amino acid that must be obtained in the diet because humans do not have the appropriate anabolic pathways for its synthesis

Exam 25: Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

The enzyme that removes an amine group from an amino acid and moves it to α-ketoglutarate is classified as a

In the anabolism of amino acids,________ is the source of the amine group.

Gout is a disease state that results from the precipitation of compounds containing ________ in joints in the hands and feet.

Two key amino acids in the transfer or catabolism of amino groups are

The source of nitrogen for the synthesis of nonessential amino acids is

During catabolism of amino acids the carbon based intermediates can

Which of the following processes is important when new amino acids are produced in the body?

Explain the difference between ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids.Identify the amino acids in each category.

When α-ketoglutarate accepts an amine group,it is converted to

One of the most important functions of amino acids is for the synthesis of

Ketogenic amino acids cannot be converted into which of the following?

Which citric acid cycle intermediate is formed in the urea cycle?

The conversion of nitrogen derivatives to urea takes place in the

Which of the following enzymes is not involved in the digestion of proteins?

Match the following. -nonessential amino acid

If nitrogen is to be excreted from the body,it is converted to which chemical?

When the amino group of glutamate is replaced with a carbonyl group,the process is called

An essential amino acid is one that

The process by which an amino group of one amino acid is exchanged with the keto group of an α-ketoacid is called a

Match the following. -ketogenic amino acid

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

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Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Lipid Metabolism

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

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