Question 1

The purine bases are

Accepted Answer

A) fused 5 and 6 membered ring systems containing 4 ring nitrogens. 
B) 6 membered ring systems containing 2 ring nitrogens. 
C) 6 membered ring systems containing 4 ring nitrogens. 
D) fused 5 and 6 membered ring systems containing 2 nitrogens. 
E) none of the above 
A) fused 5 and 6 membered ring systems containing 4 ring nitrogens. 
B) 6 membered ring systems containing 2 ring nitrogens. 
C) 6 membered ring systems containing 4 ring nitrogens. 
D) fused 5 and 6 membered ring systems containing 2 nitrogens. 
E) none of the above

Question 2

The process of manufacturing an identical copy of a DNA molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A) mutation. 
B) replication. 
C) transcription. 
D) translation. 
E) translocation. 
A) mutation. 
B) replication. 
C) transcription. 
D) translation. 
E) translocation.

Question 3

A chromosome is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) complex of DNA and histones formed in a cell nucleus before cell division. 
B) segment of DNA that directs synthesis of a specific peptide or protein. 
C) list of locations of markers that relate to inheritable traits. 
D) set of identical copies of DNA segments from a single ancestor. 
E) ordered list of the nucleotides in a segment of DNA. 
A) complex of DNA and histones formed in a cell nucleus before cell division. 
B) segment of DNA that directs synthesis of a specific peptide or protein. 
C) list of locations of markers that relate to inheritable traits. 
D) set of identical copies of DNA segments from a single ancestor. 
E) ordered list of the nucleotides in a segment of DNA.

Question 4

Explain the term base pairing and its relationship to replication of DNA.

Accepted Answer

In DNA,the bases are not involved in the

Question 5

What are the repeating units in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A) monosaccharides 
B) amino acids 
C) nucleotides 
D) nucleosides 
E) nitrogen bases 
A) monosaccharides 
B) amino acids 
C) nucleotides 
D) nucleosides 
E) nitrogen bases

Question 6

The type of nucleic acid that carries the information for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) mRNA. 
C) rRNA. 
D) tRNA. 
E) RNA. 
A) DNA. 
B) mRNA. 
C) rRNA. 
D) tRNA. 
E) RNA.

Question 7

RNA differs from DNA in that

Accepted Answer

A) it is single stranded. 
B) the sugar is ribose. 
C) there are three types of RNA. 
D) thymine is replaced by uracil. 
E) all of the above 
A) it is single stranded. 
B) the sugar is ribose. 
C) there are three types of RNA. 
D) thymine is replaced by uracil. 
E) all of the above

Question 8

Translation is

Accepted Answer

A) copying of DNA molecules to make an exact duplicate. 
B) production of a single strand of RNA identical to the information strand of DNA. 
C) production of a single strand of RNA from the template strand of DNA. 
D) making a protein molecule based on information contained in RNA. 
E) breakdown of damaged nucleic acids to prevent mutations. 
A) copying of DNA molecules to make an exact duplicate. 
B) production of a single strand of RNA identical to the information strand of DNA. 
C) production of a single strand of RNA from the template strand of DNA. 
D) making a protein molecule based on information contained in RNA. 
E) breakdown of damaged nucleic acids to prevent mutations.

Question 9

Match the following.
-rRNA

Accepted Answer

A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis 
A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis

Question 10

Match the following.
-codon

Accepted Answer

A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis 
A) a group of three nucleotides in RNA that code for specific amino acids or for termination of the protein chain 
B) the type of ribonucleic acid that is part of the ribosome and protein complex that synthesizes other proteins 
C) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose,one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids,and one or more phosphate groups 
D) the sequence of nucleotides that specifies sequences of amino acids in protein synthesis 
E) a specific chemical combination of ribose or deoxyribose and one of the five purine or pyrimidine bases found in nucleic acids
F)the ribonucleic acid whose function is to deliver the amino acids into position for protein synthesis
G)one of three specific bases consisting of a heterocyclic ring with various substituted functional groups and found in DNA and RNA
H)one of two specific bases consisting of two interlocked heterocyclic rings and found in DNA and RNA
I)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule
J)a category of base found in nucleic acids consisting of a 6-membered heterocyclic molecule fused with a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule
K)the ribonucleic acid that carries the code transcribed from DNA and directs protein synthesis

Question 11

When a new strand of RNA is transcribed from the DNA strand shown,its base sequence will be
Informational strand of DNA: 5' TTACGGAT 3'
Template strand of DNA: 3' AATGCCTA 5'

Accepted Answer

A) 5' TTACGGAT 3'. 
B) 5' AATGCCTA 3'. 
C) 5' UUACGGAU 3'. 
D) 5' AAUGCCUA 3'. 
E) 5' UUTGCCTU 3'. 
A) 5' TTACGGAT 3'. 
B) 5' AATGCCTA 3'. 
C) 5' UUACGGAU 3'. 
D) 5' AAUGCCUA 3'. 
E) 5' UUTGCCTU 3'.

Question 12

In DNA,a DNA sequence complementary to the strand shown below (reading '3 to 5')is
5' C-G-G-T-T-A-G 3'

Accepted Answer

A) G-C-C-A-A-T-C. 
B) C-G-G-T-T-A-G. 
C) A-T-T-G-G-C-T. 
D) G-C-C-U-U-U-C. 
E) G-C-C-U-U-A-C. 
A) G-C-C-A-A-T-C. 
B) C-G-G-T-T-A-G. 
C) A-T-T-G-G-C-T. 
D) G-C-C-U-U-U-C. 
E) G-C-C-U-U-A-C.

Question 13

What is the difference between deoxyribose and ribose?

Accepted Answer

A) Deoxyribose is a d form,whereas ribose is an l form. 
B) Deoxyribose has one less oxygen atom than does ribose. 
C) Ribose is found in the straight chain structure,whereas deoxyribose is not. 
D) Ribose is a monosaccharide,but deoxyribose is a polysaccharide. 
E) All statements are incorrect. 
A) Deoxyribose is a d form,whereas ribose is an l form. 
B) Deoxyribose has one less oxygen atom than does ribose. 
C) Ribose is found in the straight chain structure,whereas deoxyribose is not. 
D) Ribose is a monosaccharide,but deoxyribose is a polysaccharide. 
E) All statements are incorrect.

Question 14

The chemical combination of ribose and one of the five nitrogen bases results in formation of a

Accepted Answer

A) nucleotide. 
B) nucleoside. 
C) DNA molecule. 
D) chromosome. 
E) gene. 
A) nucleotide. 
B) nucleoside. 
C) DNA molecule. 
D) chromosome. 
E) gene.

Question 15

Which of the following is a nucleoside which would be found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) adenosine triphosphate 
B) UMP 
C) deoxyguanosine 
D) deoxyribose 
E) deoxythymidine diphosphate 
A) adenosine triphosphate 
B) UMP 
C) deoxyguanosine 
D) deoxyribose 
E) deoxythymidine diphosphate

Question 16

Transcription and translation of the mRNA involved in protein synthesis occur in two different locations in the cell.Translation occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) cytoplasm. 
D) cell's membrane. 
A) nucleus. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) cytoplasm. 
D) cell's membrane.

Question 17

When a β-N-glycosidic bond forms between guanine and deoxyribose,the resulting molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A) riboguanine. 
B) deoxyriboguanine. 
C) deoxyriboguanosine. 
D) guanosine. 
E) deoxyguanidine. 
A) riboguanine. 
B) deoxyriboguanine. 
C) deoxyriboguanosine. 
D) guanosine. 
E) deoxyguanidine.

Question 18

All of the following are associated with replication of DNA except

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) hydrogen bonds. 
D) replication fork. 
E) amino acids. 
A) DNA polymerase. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) hydrogen bonds. 
D) replication fork. 
E) amino acids.

Question 19

After initiation of protein production,the correct order for the steps in the manufacture of proteins is
I.elongation
II.peptide bond formation
III.termination
IV.tRNA binding with ribosome

Accepted Answer

A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,IV,II,III 
C) IV,II,I,III 
D) IV,I,II,III 
E) II,I,IV,III 
A) I,II,III,IV 
B) I,IV,II,III 
C) IV,II,I,III 
D) IV,I,II,III 
E) II,I,IV,III

Question 20

All of the following are components of nucleotides except

Accepted Answer

A) aldopentoses in the form of five-membered rings. 
B) heterocyclic nitrogen bases consisting of six-membered rings. 
C) heterocyclic nitrogen bases consisting of two fused rings. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) metal ions. 
A) aldopentoses in the form of five-membered rings. 
B) heterocyclic nitrogen bases consisting of six-membered rings. 
C) heterocyclic nitrogen bases consisting of two fused rings. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) metal ions.

Exam 26: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

The purine bases are

The process of manufacturing an identical copy of a DNA molecule is called

A chromosome is a(an)

Explain the term base pairing and its relationship to replication of DNA.

What are the repeating units in nucleic acids?

The type of nucleic acid that carries the information for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is

RNA differs from DNA in that

Translation is

Match the following. -rRNA

Match the following. -codon

When a new strand of RNA is transcribed from the DNA strand shown,its base sequence will be Informational strand of DNA: 5' TTACGGAT 3' Template strand of DNA: 3' AATGCCTA 5'

In DNA,a DNA sequence complementary to the strand shown below (reading '3 to 5')is 5' C-G-G-T-T-A-G 3'

What is the difference between deoxyribose and ribose?

The chemical combination of ribose and one of the five nitrogen bases results in formation of a

Which of the following is a nucleoside which would be found in DNA?

Transcription and translation of the mRNA involved in protein synthesis occur in two different locations in the cell.Translation occurs in the

When a β-N-glycosidic bond forms between guanine and deoxyribose,the resulting molecule is called

All of the following are associated with replication of DNA except

After initiation of protein production,the correct order for the steps in the manufacture of proteins is I.elongation II.peptide bond formation III.termination IV.tRNA binding with ribosome

All of the following are components of nucleotides except

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Genomics

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

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