Question 1

The second messenger cAMP is synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) ADP. 
C) AMP. 
D) GTP. 
E) GDP. 
A) ATP. 
B) ADP. 
C) AMP. 
D) GTP. 
E) GDP.

Question 2

The hypothalamus gland communicates with other tissues by ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) direct release of hormones; indirect control through release of regulatory hormones 
B) direct neuronal control by release of transmitters; direct release of hormones 
C) direct neuronal control by release of transmitters; indirect control through release of regulatory hormones 
D) allosteric control of enzymes; direct neuronal control by release of transmitters 
E) none of these 
A) direct release of hormones; indirect control through release of regulatory hormones 
B) direct neuronal control by release of transmitters; direct release of hormones 
C) direct neuronal control by release of transmitters; indirect control through release of regulatory hormones 
D) allosteric control of enzymes; direct neuronal control by release of transmitters 
E) none of these

Question 3

Estrogens are a specific type of steroid whose function is to

Accepted Answer

A) maintain pregnancy. 
B) promote development of secondary male sex characteristics. 
C) promote development of secondary female sex characteristics. 
D) regulate the sodium/potassium balance in cellular fluids. 
E) regulate glucose metabolism. 
A) maintain pregnancy. 
B) promote development of secondary male sex characteristics. 
C) promote development of secondary female sex characteristics. 
D) regulate the sodium/potassium balance in cellular fluids. 
E) regulate glucose metabolism.

Question 4

A molecule that enters the body from an external source and alters its normal functions is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) agonist. 
B) antagonist. 
C) drug. 
D) hormone. 
E) steroid. 
A) agonist. 
B) antagonist. 
C) drug. 
D) hormone. 
E) steroid.

Question 5

Which of the following is a steroid based hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) testosterone 
B) epinepherine 
C) vasopressin 
D) glucagon 
E) thyroxine 
A) testosterone 
B) epinepherine 
C) vasopressin 
D) glucagon 
E) thyroxine

Question 6

When epinephrine interacts with a cell,the step immediately following binding of the messenger with the receptor site is

Accepted Answer

A) production of GTP from GDP. 
B) conversion of cyclic AMP to ATP. 
C) activation of a G protein in the cell membrane. 
D) activation of adenylate cyclase. 
E) conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP. 
A) production of GTP from GDP. 
B) conversion of cyclic AMP to ATP. 
C) activation of a G protein in the cell membrane. 
D) activation of adenylate cyclase. 
E) conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP.

Question 7

Hormones are produced in the ________ system.

Accepted Answer

A) digestive 
B) endocrine 
C) excretory 
D) nervous 
E) circulatory 
A) digestive 
B) endocrine 
C) excretory 
D) nervous 
E) circulatory

Question 8

Match the following.
-vasopressin

Accepted Answer

A) an example of a polypeptide hormone 
B) a site on a cell that interacts with some external chemical messenger in order to enable a response to occur 
C) an example of an amino acid hormone 
D) a chemical messenger that is produced in the nervous system 
E) a chemical messenger that is produced in the endocrine system and indirectly regulates biochemical processes
F)a substance introduced from outside the body that alters some body function
G)a molecule within a cell that is released in response to the interaction of a hormone or neurotransmitter with a receptor outside the cell
H)the intended site of a specific chemical reaction
I)an example of a steroid hormone 
A) an example of a polypeptide hormone 
B) a site on a cell that interacts with some external chemical messenger in order to enable a response to occur 
C) an example of an amino acid hormone 
D) a chemical messenger that is produced in the nervous system 
E) a chemical messenger that is produced in the endocrine system and indirectly regulates biochemical processes
F)a substance introduced from outside the body that alters some body function
G)a molecule within a cell that is released in response to the interaction of a hormone or neurotransmitter with a receptor outside the cell
H)the intended site of a specific chemical reaction
I)an example of a steroid hormone

Question 9

The short,tentacle like appendages coming from the main body of a nerve cell are called

Accepted Answer

A) dendrites. 
B) axons. 
C) synapses. 
D) vesicles. 
E) collaterals. 
A) dendrites. 
B) axons. 
C) synapses. 
D) vesicles. 
E) collaterals.

Question 10

The second messenger for the hormones epinephrine is

Accepted Answer

A) cyclic AMP. 
B) AMP. 
C) ADP. 
D) ATP. 
E) none of the above 
A) cyclic AMP. 
B) AMP. 
C) ADP. 
D) ATP. 
E) none of the above

Question 11

Which type of hormone actually enters the target cell?

Accepted Answer

A) amino acid derivatives 
B) enzymes 
C) peptides 
D) steroids 
E) zymogens 
A) amino acid derivatives 
B) enzymes 
C) peptides 
D) steroids 
E) zymogens

Question 12

Match the following.
-receptor

Accepted Answer

A) an example of a polypeptide hormone 
B) a site on a cell that interacts with some external chemical messenger in order to enable a response to occur 
C) an example of an amino acid hormone 
D) a chemical messenger that is produced in the nervous system 
E) a chemical messenger that is produced in the endocrine system and indirectly regulates biochemical processes
F)a substance introduced from outside the body that alters some body function
G)a molecule within a cell that is released in response to the interaction of a hormone or neurotransmitter with a receptor outside the cell
H)the intended site of a specific chemical reaction
I)an example of a steroid hormone 
A) an example of a polypeptide hormone 
B) a site on a cell that interacts with some external chemical messenger in order to enable a response to occur 
C) an example of an amino acid hormone 
D) a chemical messenger that is produced in the nervous system 
E) a chemical messenger that is produced in the endocrine system and indirectly regulates biochemical processes
F)a substance introduced from outside the body that alters some body function
G)a molecule within a cell that is released in response to the interaction of a hormone or neurotransmitter with a receptor outside the cell
H)the intended site of a specific chemical reaction
I)an example of a steroid hormone

Question 13

Chemical messengers deliver information by interacting with ________ in or at the target cell.

Accepted Answer

A) receptors 
B) antibodies 
C) antigens 
D) hormones 
E) neurotransmitters 
A) receptors 
B) antibodies 
C) antigens 
D) hormones 
E) neurotransmitters

Exam 28: Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

The second messenger cAMP is synthesized from

The hypothalamus gland communicates with other tissues by ________ and ________.

Estrogens are a specific type of steroid whose function is to

A molecule that enters the body from an external source and alters its normal functions is a(an)

Which of the following is a steroid based hormone?

When epinephrine interacts with a cell,the step immediately following binding of the messenger with the receptor site is

Hormones are produced in the ________ system.

Match the following. -vasopressin

The short,tentacle like appendages coming from the main body of a nerve cell are called

The second messenger for the hormones epinephrine is

Which type of hormone actually enters the target cell?

Match the following. -receptor

Chemical messengers deliver information by interacting with ________ in or at the target cell.

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Body Fluids

Filters

The hypothalamus gland communicates with other tissues by and .