Question 1

The purpose of coupling two biochemical reactions is to

Accepted Answer

A) lower the activation energies of both reactions. 
B) convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic one. 
C) convert an exergonic reaction to an endergonic one. 
D) use an endergonic reaction to drive an exergonic reaction. 
E) use an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction. 
A) lower the activation energies of both reactions. 
B) convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic one. 
C) convert an exergonic reaction to an endergonic one. 
D) use an endergonic reaction to drive an exergonic reaction. 
E) use an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.

Question 2

A cyclic metabolic sequence can best be described as one in which

Accepted Answer

A) the product of the first reaction is the starting material for the next reaction,and so on. 
B) a series of reactions regenerates the initial reactant. 
C) the various reactions have virtually no connection to one another. 
D) the same set of enzymes progressively builds up a molecule. 
E) the same set of enzymes catalyses the same reaction in both the forward and reverse directions. 
A) the product of the first reaction is the starting material for the next reaction,and so on. 
B) a series of reactions regenerates the initial reactant. 
C) the various reactions have virtually no connection to one another. 
D) the same set of enzymes progressively builds up a molecule. 
E) the same set of enzymes catalyses the same reaction in both the forward and reverse directions.

Question 3

The biochemical process in which simple molecules are combined to make larger ones and energy is consumed is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) anabolism. 
B) catabolism. 
C) digestion. 
D) metabolism. 
E) respiration. 
A) anabolism. 
B) catabolism. 
C) digestion. 
D) metabolism. 
E) respiration.

Question 4

Match the following.
-catabolism

Accepted Answer

A) the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the universal energy currency of the cell; a molecule used to transfer energy 
D) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
E) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy
F)the stage of catabolism in which acetyle-SCoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2
G)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP 
A) the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the universal energy currency of the cell; a molecule used to transfer energy 
D) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
E) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy
F)the stage of catabolism in which acetyle-SCoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2
G)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP

Question 5

Endergonic reactions are those that are ________ and that ________ liberate free energy.

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous; do 
B) nonspontaneous; do 
C) spontaneous; do not 
D) nonspontaneous; do not 
E) none of the above 
A) spontaneous; do 
B) nonspontaneous; do 
C) spontaneous; do not 
D) nonspontaneous; do not 
E) none of the above

Question 6

Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxidation can be considered as loss of hydrogen or gain of oxygen. 
B) Reduction can be considered as gain of hydrogen or loss of oxygen. 
C) NAD+ is the oxidized form of NADH. 
D) An oxidation reaction cannot occur unless a reduction reaction also occurs. 
E) FAD is the reduced form of FADH2. 
A) Oxidation can be considered as loss of hydrogen or gain of oxygen. 
B) Reduction can be considered as gain of hydrogen or loss of oxygen. 
C) NAD+ is the oxidized form of NADH. 
D) An oxidation reaction cannot occur unless a reduction reaction also occurs. 
E) FAD is the reduced form of FADH2.

Question 7

Which of the following does not undergo oxidation-reduction reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) NADH 
C) NADPH 
D) FAD 
A) ATP 
B) NADH 
C) NADPH 
D) FAD

Question 8

All of the following chemicals except ________ provide protection against potentially harmful oxygen species.

Accepted Answer

A) beta-carotene 
B) catalase 
C) hydrogen peroxide 
D) vitamin C 
E) vitamin E 
A) beta-carotene 
B) catalase 
C) hydrogen peroxide 
D) vitamin C 
E) vitamin E

Question 9

A metabolic pathway that can be illustrated as A → B → C → D is said to be a(an)________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) anabolic 
B) catabolic 
C) cyclic 
D) linear 
E) spiral 
A) anabolic 
B) catabolic 
C) cyclic 
D) linear 
E) spiral

Question 10

Endergonic reactions are those that have a ________ value of ΔG and ________ spontaneous.

Accepted Answer

A) positive; are 
B) positive; are not 
C) negative; are 
D) negative; are not 
E) none of the above 
A) positive; are 
B) positive; are not 
C) negative; are 
D) negative; are not 
E) none of the above

Question 11

Match the following.
-citric acid cycle

Accepted Answer

A) the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the universal energy currency of the cell; a molecule used to transfer energy 
D) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
E) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy
F)the stage of catabolism in which acetyle-SCoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2
G)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP 
A) the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the universal energy currency of the cell; a molecule used to transfer energy 
D) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
E) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy
F)the stage of catabolism in which acetyle-SCoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2
G)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP

Question 12

Metabolism is composed of which process(es)?

Accepted Answer

A) anabolism 
B) catabolism 
C) oncologism 
D) both A and B 
E) both B and C 
A) anabolism 
B) catabolism 
C) oncologism 
D) both A and B 
E) both B and C

Question 13

A metabolic pathway in which a molecule is progressively built up by repeated interaction with the same set of enzymes is a(an)________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) anabolic 
B) catabolic 
C) cyclic 
D) linear 
E) spiral 
A) anabolic 
B) catabolic 
C) cyclic 
D) linear 
E) spiral

Question 14

In many catabolic processes the principal product is ________ to be processed in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl coenzyme A,citric acid cycle 
B) acetyl coenzyme A,electron transport chain 
C) ATP,electron transport chain 
D) ATP,citric acid cycle 
E) ADP,electron transport chain 
A) acetyl coenzyme A,citric acid cycle 
B) acetyl coenzyme A,electron transport chain 
C) ATP,electron transport chain 
D) ATP,citric acid cycle 
E) ADP,electron transport chain

Question 15

The fourth stage of metabolism,in which the high energy molecules from stage three are oxidized to produce ATP is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) reductive phosphorylation. 
C) the electron transport chain. 
D) the Krebs cycle. 
E) glycolysis. 
A) active transport. 
B) reductive phosphorylation. 
C) the electron transport chain. 
D) the Krebs cycle. 
E) glycolysis.

Question 16

The metal that acts as an electron carrier in the cytochromes in the electron transport chain is

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium. 
B) chromium. 
C) iron. 
D) cobalt. 
E) hydrogen. 
A) magnesium. 
B) chromium. 
C) iron. 
D) cobalt. 
E) hydrogen.

Question 17

All of the following are energy strategies used in biochemical reactions except

Accepted Answer

A) ATP is produced as a means of transferring energy. 
B) exergonic reactions are used to drive unfavorable reactions. 
C) chemical reactions occur in pairs in order to change the value of ΔG for one of the reactions. 
D) coenzymes which can exist in oxidized or reduced forms are used to transfer electrons. 
E) ADP is transformed into a higher energy molecule when coupled to an exergonic reaction. 
A) ATP is produced as a means of transferring energy. 
B) exergonic reactions are used to drive unfavorable reactions. 
C) chemical reactions occur in pairs in order to change the value of ΔG for one of the reactions. 
D) coenzymes which can exist in oxidized or reduced forms are used to transfer electrons. 
E) ADP is transformed into a higher energy molecule when coupled to an exergonic reaction.

Question 18

Which group of compounds includes only low-energy molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP,acetyl-SCoA,NADH,FADH2 
B) ADP,acetyl-SCoA,NAD+,FAD 
C) ATP,CO2,NADH,FADH2 
D) ADP,CO2,NADH,FADH2 
E) ADP,CO2,NAD+,FAD 
A) ATP,acetyl-SCoA,NADH,FADH2 
B) ADP,acetyl-SCoA,NAD+,FAD 
C) ATP,CO2,NADH,FADH2 
D) ADP,CO2,NADH,FADH2 
E) ADP,CO2,NAD+,FAD

Question 19

The abbreviation ATP stands for

Accepted Answer

A) adenine + three phosphates. 
B) adenosine triphosphate. 
C) adenosine tetraphosphate. 
D) anabolic triple phosphate. 
E) alanine triphosphate. 
A) adenine + three phosphates. 
B) adenosine triphosphate. 
C) adenosine tetraphosphate. 
D) anabolic triple phosphate. 
E) alanine triphosphate.

Question 20

The cellular organelle that is responsible for most cellular catabolic redox reactions is the

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria 
B) chloroplast 
C) peroxisome 
D) ribosome 
A) mitochondria 
B) chloroplast 
C) peroxisome 
D) ribosome

Exam 20: The Generation of Biochemical Energy

The purpose of coupling two biochemical reactions is to

A cyclic metabolic sequence can best be described as one in which

The biochemical process in which simple molecules are combined to make larger ones and energy is consumed is referred to as

Match the following. -catabolism

Endergonic reactions are those that are ________ and that ________ liberate free energy.

Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect?

Which of the following does not undergo oxidation-reduction reactions?

All of the following chemicals except ________ provide protection against potentially harmful oxygen species.

A metabolic pathway that can be illustrated as A → B → C → D is said to be a(an)________ pathway.

Endergonic reactions are those that have a ________ value of ΔG and ________ spontaneous.

Match the following. -citric acid cycle

Metabolism is composed of which process(es)?

A metabolic pathway in which a molecule is progressively built up by repeated interaction with the same set of enzymes is a(an)________ pathway.

In many catabolic processes the principal product is ________ to be processed in the ________.

The fourth stage of metabolism,in which the high energy molecules from stage three are oxidized to produce ATP is referred to as

The metal that acts as an electron carrier in the cytochromes in the electron transport chain is

All of the following are energy strategies used in biochemical reactions except

Which group of compounds includes only low-energy molecules?

The abbreviation ATP stands for

The cellular organelle that is responsible for most cellular catabolic redox reactions is the

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

Body Fluids

Filters

Endergonic reactions are those that are and that liberate free energy.

Endergonic reactions are those that have a value of ΔG and spontaneous.

In many catabolic processes the principal product is to be processed in the .