Question 1

What happens to the mass number and the atomic number of an element when it undergoes alpha decay?

Accepted Answer

A) The mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2. 
B) The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 1. 
C) The mass number increases by 4 and the atomic number does not change. 
D) The mass number increases by 2 and the atomic number decreases by 1. 
E) The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 2. 
A) The mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2. 
B) The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 1. 
C) The mass number increases by 4 and the atomic number does not change. 
D) The mass number increases by 2 and the atomic number decreases by 1. 
E) The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 2.

Question 2

The half-life of 131I is 0.220 years. How much of a 500.0 mg sample remains after 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

A) 496 mg 
B) 560 mg 
C) 219 mg 
D) 405 mg 
E) 337 mg 
A) 496 mg 
B) 560 mg 
C) 219 mg 
D) 405 mg 
E) 337 mg

Question 3

Which of the following correctly represents the transmutation in which a curium-242 nucleus is bombarded with an alpha particle to produce a californium-245 nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)    Cm(   He,   n)   Cf 
B)    Cm(   He,   p)   Cf 
C)    Cm(   He,   e)   Cf 
D)    Cm(   n,   He)   Cf 
E)    Cm(   He, 2   p)   Cf 
A)    Cm(   He,   n)   Cf 
B)    Cm(   He,   p)   Cf 
C)    Cm(   He,   e)   Cf 
D)    Cm(   n,   He)   Cf 
E)    Cm(   He, 2   p)   Cf

Question 4

Positron emission causes a decrease of one in the atomic number.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The missing product from this reaction is ________.   Fr →   N + _____

Accepted Answer

A)    He 
B)    e 
C)    n 
D)    e 
E)    γ 
A)    He 
B)    e 
C)    n 
D)    e 
E)    γ

Question 6

The main scientific difficulty in achieving a controlled fusion process is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enormous repulsion between nuclei being fused 
B) enormous repulsion between the electrons of atoms being fused 
C) very large number of positrons emitted 
D) very large number of x-rays emitted 
E) very large number of gamma rays emitted 
A) enormous repulsion between nuclei being fused 
B) enormous repulsion between the electrons of atoms being fused 
C) very large number of positrons emitted 
D) very large number of x-rays emitted 
E) very large number of gamma rays emitted

Question 7

Control rods in a nuclear reactor are composed of boron and ________.

Accepted Answer

an alloy o

Question 8

Atoms with the same atomic number and different mass numbers ________.

Accepted Answer

A) do not exist 
B) are isomers 
C) are isotopes 
D) are allotropes 
E) are resonance structures 
A) do not exist 
B) are isomers 
C) are isotopes 
D) are allotropes 
E) are resonance structures

Question 9

The mass of a proton is 1.673 × 10-24 g. The mass of a neutron is 1.675 × 10-24 g. The mass of the nucleus of an 56Fe atom is 9.289 × 10-23 g. What is the nuclear binding energy (in J)for a 56Fe nucleus? (c = 3.00 × 108 m/s)

Accepted Answer

A) 2.57 × 10-16 
B) 7.72 × 10-8 
C) 8.36 × 10-9 
D) 7.65 × 10-11 
E) 6.07 × 106 
A) 2.57 × 10-16 
B) 7.72 × 10-8 
C) 8.36 × 10-9 
D) 7.65 × 10-11 
E) 6.07 × 106

Question 10

In balancing the nuclear reaction   C → E +   e, the identity of element E is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) N 
C) C 
D) O 
E) none of the above 
A) B 
B) N 
C) C 
D) O 
E) none of the above

Question 11

A freshly prepared sample of curium-243 undergoes 3312 disintegrations per second. After 8.00 yr, the activity of the sample declines to 2591 disintegrations per second. The half-life of curium-243 is

Accepted Answer

A) 6.26 
B) 32.6 
C) 10.2 
D) 1.36 
E) 22.6 
A) 6.26 
B) 32.6 
C) 10.2 
D) 1.36 
E) 22.6

Question 12

Cesium-137 undergoes beta decay and has a half-life of 30.0 years. How many beta particles are emitted by a 14.0-g sample of cesium-137 in three minutes?

Accepted Answer

A) 6.1 × 1013 
B) 6.2 × 1022 
C) 8.4 × 1015 
D) 1.3 × 10-8 
E) 8.1 × 1015 
A) 6.1 × 1013 
B) 6.2 × 1022 
C) 8.4 × 1015 
D) 1.3 × 10-8 
E) 8.1 × 1015

Question 13

The three radioactive series that occur in nature end with what element?

Accepted Answer

A) Bi 
B) U 
C) Po 
D) Pb 
E) Hg 
A) Bi 
B) U 
C) Po 
D) Pb 
E) Hg

Question 14

In the nuclear transmutation represented by   O(p, α)   N, the emitted particle is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a beta particle. 
B) an alpha particle. 
C) a proton. 
D) a positron. 
E) a neutron. 
A) a beta particle. 
B) an alpha particle. 
C) a proton. 
D) a positron. 
E) a neutron.

Question 15

The first nuclear transmutation resulted in the conversion of nitrogen-14 to ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first nuclear transmutation resulted in the...

Question 16

What radioactive element is used to diagnose medical conditions of the heart and arteries?

Accepted Answer

A) cobalt-60 
B) thallium-201 
C) radium-226 
D) radon-222 
E) thorium-234 
A) cobalt-60 
B) thallium-201 
C) radium-226 
D) radon-222 
E) thorium-234

Question 17

The belt of nuclear stability ends with the element ________.

Accepted Answer

A) lead 
B) polonium 
C) radon 
D) astatine 
E) bismuth 
A) lead 
B) polonium 
C) radon 
D) astatine 
E) bismuth

Question 18

What is the source of the tremendous energies produced by nuclear reactions?

Accepted Answer

conversion

Exam 21: Nuclear Chemistry

What happens to the mass number and the atomic number of an element when it undergoes alpha decay?

The half-life of 131I is 0.220 years. How much of a 500.0 mg sample remains after 24 hours?

Which of the following correctly represents the transmutation in which a curium-242 nucleus is bombarded with an alpha particle to produce a californium-245 nucleus?

Positron emission causes a decrease of one in the atomic number.

The missing product from this reaction is ________. Fr → N + _____

The main scientific difficulty in achieving a controlled fusion process is the ________.

Control rods in a nuclear reactor are composed of boron and ________.

Atoms with the same atomic number and different mass numbers ________.

The mass of a proton is 1.673 × 10-24 g. The mass of a neutron is 1.675 × 10-24 g. The mass of the nucleus of an 56Fe atom is 9.289 × 10-23 g. What is the nuclear binding energy (in J)for a 56Fe nucleus? (c = 3.00 × 108 m/s)

In balancing the nuclear reaction C → E + e, the identity of element E is ________.

A freshly prepared sample of curium-243 undergoes 3312 disintegrations per second. After 8.00 yr, the activity of the sample declines to 2591 disintegrations per second. The half-life of curium-243 is

Cesium-137 undergoes beta decay and has a half-life of 30.0 years. How many beta particles are emitted by a 14.0-g sample of cesium-137 in three minutes?

The three radioactive series that occur in nature end with what element?

In the nuclear transmutation represented by O(p, α) N, the emitted particle is ________.

The first nuclear transmutation resulted in the conversion of nitrogen-14 to ________.

What radioactive element is used to diagnose medical conditions of the heart and arteries?

The belt of nuclear stability ends with the element ________.

What is the source of the tremendous energies produced by nuclear reactions?

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemistry of the Environment

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

The half-life of ¹³¹I is 0.220 years. How much of a 500.0 mg sample remains after 24 hours?

The missing product from this reaction is ____. Fr → N + _

The mass of a proton is 1.673 × 10^-24 g. The mass of a neutron is 1.675 × 10^-24g. The mass of the nucleus of an ⁵⁶Fe atom is 9.289 × 10^-23 g. What is the nuclear binding energy (in J)for a ⁵⁶Fe nucleus? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸m/s)