Question 1

Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. What percentage of a sample remains after 50.0 min?

Accepted Answer

A) 66.5 
B) 8.62 
C) 18.3 
D) 40.8 
E) 2.45 
A) 66.5 
B) 8.62 
C) 18.3 
D) 40.8 
E) 2.45

Question 2

Which of these nuclides is most likely to be radioactive?

Accepted Answer

A)    K 
B)    Al 
C)    I 
D)    Am 
E)    Bi 
A)    K 
B)    Al 
C)    I 
D)    Am 
E)    Bi

Question 3

Of the following processes, which one changes the atomic number?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha emission 
B) beta emission 
C) electron capture 
D) positron emission 
E) All of these processes change the atomic numbers. 
A) alpha emission 
B) beta emission 
C) electron capture 
D) positron emission 
E) All of these processes change the atomic numbers.

Question 4

What exposure level to radiation is fatal to most humans?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 rem 
B) 200 rem 
C) 600 rem 
D) 300 rem 
E) 1000 rem 
A) 100 rem 
B) 200 rem 
C) 600 rem 
D) 300 rem 
E) 1000 rem

Question 5

Carbon-11 decays by positron emission:   C →   B +   e The decay occurs with a release of 2.87 × 1011 J per mole of carbon-11. When 5.00 g of carbon-11 undergoes this radioactive decay, ________ g of mass is converted to energy.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.45 × 10-3 
B) 4.35 × 105 
C) 1.45 × 10-6 
D) 6.90 × 102 
E) 1.59 × 10-2 
A) 1.45 × 10-3 
B) 4.35 × 105 
C) 1.45 × 10-6 
D) 6.90 × 102 
E) 1.59 × 10-2

Question 6

Nuclei above the belt of stability can lower their neutron-to-proton ratio by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) beta emission 
B) gamma emission 
C) positron emission 
D) electron capture 
E) Any of the above processes will lower the neutron-to-proton ratio. 
A) beta emission 
B) gamma emission 
C) positron emission 
D) electron capture 
E) Any of the above processes will lower the neutron-to-proton ratio.

Question 7

Conversion of one nucleus into another was first demonstrated in 1919 by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conversion of one nucleus into another was...

Question 8

Consider the following data for a particular radionuclide:  
-What is the rate constant (in min-1)for the decay of this radionuclide?

Accepted Answer

A) 45 
B) 32 
C) 0.024 
D) 0.032 
E) 0.022 
A) 45 
B) 32 
C) 0.024 
D) 0.032 
E) 0.022

Question 9

The half-life of 218Po is 3.1 minutes. How much of a 155 gram sample remains after 0.40 hours?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.00067 g 
B) 0.0072 g 
C) 0.72 g 
D) 0.0047 g 
E) none of the above 
A) 0.00067 g 
B) 0.0072 g 
C) 0.72 g 
D) 0.0047 g 
E) none of the above

Question 10

What happens to the mass number and the atomic number of an element when it undergoes beta decay?

Accepted Answer

A) Neither the mass number nor the atomic number changes. 
B) The mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2. 
C) The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 1. 
D) The mass number does not change and the atomic number decreases by 2. 
E) The mass number increases by 2 and the atomic number increases by 1. 
A) Neither the mass number nor the atomic number changes. 
B) The mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2. 
C) The mass number does not change and the atomic number increases by 1. 
D) The mass number does not change and the atomic number decreases by 2. 
E) The mass number increases by 2 and the atomic number increases by 1.

Question 11

In the nuclear transmutation,   O (p, α)   N, what is the bombarding particle?

Accepted Answer

A) an alpha particle 
B) a beta particle 
C) a gamma photon 
D) a proton 
E) a phosphorus nucleus 
A) an alpha particle 
B) a beta particle 
C) a gamma photon 
D) a proton 
E) a phosphorus nucleus

Question 12

Which one of the following is a correct representation of a positron?

Accepted Answer

A)    e 
B)    β 
C)    e 
D)    e 
E)    β 
A)    e 
B)    β 
C)    e 
D)    e 
E)    β

Question 13

In the formula k = 0.693/t1/2, k is the decay constant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What type of reaction is known as a thermonuclear reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) fission 
B) fusion 
C) transmutation 
D) beta emission 
E) neutron emission 
A) fission 
B) fusion 
C) transmutation 
D) beta emission 
E) neutron emission

Question 15

Carbon-11, fluorine-18, oxygen-15 and nitrogen-13 are all used in the clinical diagnostic technique known as ________.

Accepted Answer

positron e

Question 16

Which one of the following is used as a radiotracer to study blood?

Accepted Answer

A) iron-59 
B) technetium-99 
C) sodium-23 
D) iodine-131 
E) phosphorus-32 
A) iron-59 
B) technetium-99 
C) sodium-23 
D) iodine-131 
E) phosphorus-32

Question 17

The use of radioisotopes in tracing metabolism is possible because ________.

Accepted Answer

all isotopes of an e

Question 18

Which one of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Some spontaneous nuclear reactions are exothermic. 
B) Some spontaneous nuclear reactions are endothermic. 
C) All spontaneous nuclear reactions are exothermic. 
D) There is no relationship between exothermicity and spontaneity in nuclear reactions. 
E) All spontaneous nuclear reactions are endothermic. 
A) Some spontaneous nuclear reactions are exothermic. 
B) Some spontaneous nuclear reactions are endothermic. 
C) All spontaneous nuclear reactions are exothermic. 
D) There is no relationship between exothermicity and spontaneity in nuclear reactions. 
E) All spontaneous nuclear reactions are endothermic.

Question 19

Which one of the following processes results in an increase in the atomic number?

Accepted Answer

A) gamma emission 
B) positron emission 
C) beta emission 
D) alpha emission 
E) corrosion 
A) gamma emission 
B) positron emission 
C) beta emission 
D) alpha emission 
E) corrosion

Question 20

The formation of krypton from rubidium decay is a result of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) alpha emission 
B) beta emission 
C) positron emission 
D) electron capture 
E) neutron capture 
A) alpha emission 
B) beta emission 
C) positron emission 
D) electron capture 
E) neutron capture

Exam 21: Nuclear Chemistry

Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. What percentage of a sample remains after 50.0 min?

Which of these nuclides is most likely to be radioactive?

Of the following processes, which one changes the atomic number?

What exposure level to radiation is fatal to most humans?

Carbon-11 decays by positron emission: C → B + e The decay occurs with a release of 2.87 × 1011 J per mole of carbon-11. When 5.00 g of carbon-11 undergoes this radioactive decay, ________ g of mass is converted to energy.

Nuclei above the belt of stability can lower their neutron-to-proton ratio by ________.

Conversion of one nucleus into another was first demonstrated in 1919 by ________.

Consider the following data for a particular radionuclide: -What is the rate constant (in min-1)for the decay of this radionuclide?

The half-life of 218Po is 3.1 minutes. How much of a 155 gram sample remains after 0.40 hours?

What happens to the mass number and the atomic number of an element when it undergoes beta decay?

In the nuclear transmutation, O (p, α) N, what is the bombarding particle?

Which one of the following is a correct representation of a positron?

In the formula k = 0.693/t1/2, k is the decay constant.

What type of reaction is known as a thermonuclear reaction?

Carbon-11, fluorine-18, oxygen-15 and nitrogen-13 are all used in the clinical diagnostic technique known as ________.

Which one of the following is used as a radiotracer to study blood?

The use of radioisotopes in tracing metabolism is possible because ________.

Which one of the following is true?

Which one of the following processes results in an increase in the atomic number?

The formation of krypton from rubidium decay is a result of ________.

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemistry of the Environment

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

Carbon-11 decays by positron emission: C → B + e The decay occurs with a release of 2.87 × 10¹¹ J per mole of carbon-11. When 5.00 g of carbon-11 undergoes this radioactive decay, ________ g of mass is converted to energy.

Consider the following data for a particular radionuclide: -What is the rate constant (in min^-1)for the decay of this radionuclide?

The half-life of ²¹⁸Po is 3.1 minutes. How much of a 155 gram sample remains after 0.40 hours?

In the formula k = 0.693/t_1/2, k is the decay constant.