Question 1

Radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum is absorbed by ________ found in the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) N2 
B) O2 
C) CO2 
D) Ar 
E) He 
A) N2 
B) O2 
C) CO2 
D) Ar 
E) He

Question 2

Which of the following is not released by the combustion of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) SO2 
C) CH4 
D) NO 
E) O3 
A) CO2 
B) SO2 
C) CH4 
D) NO 
E) O3

Question 3

Select the substance that is thought to be partially responsible for depleting the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) CFCl3 
B) CO2  
C) O2 
D) N2 
E) He 
A) CFCl3 
B) CO2  
C) O2 
D) N2 
E) He

Question 4

What is the percentage of freshwater on planet Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) 97% 
B) 2.1% 
C) 2.8% 
D) 0.6% 
E) 100% 
A) 97% 
B) 2.1% 
C) 2.8% 
D) 0.6% 
E) 100%

Question 5

Which of the following is not one of the 12 principles associated with green chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A) distribution of chemical by-products into oceans 
B) less hazardous chemical syntheses 
C) promotion of the use of catalysts 
D) use of renewable feedstocks 
E) inherently safer chemistry for accident prevention 
A) distribution of chemical by-products into oceans 
B) less hazardous chemical syntheses 
C) promotion of the use of catalysts 
D) use of renewable feedstocks 
E) inherently safer chemistry for accident prevention

Question 6

Of the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), which are exothermic? 1. O2 (g) + hν → O (g) + O (g)
2. O (g) + O2 (g) + M (g) → O3 (g) + M* (g)
3. O3 (g) + hν → O2 (g) + O (g)
4. O (g) + O (g) + M (g) → O2 (g) + M* (g)

Accepted Answer

A) 2 and 4 
B) 1 and 3 
C) 1, 2, and 4 
D) 2 only 
E) all of them 
A) 2 and 4 
B) 1 and 3 
C) 1, 2, and 4 
D) 2 only 
E) all of them

Question 7

The area of the Earth's atmosphere 50 - 85 km above the surface is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mesosphere 
B) thermosphere 
C) troposphere 
D) stratosphere 
E) exosphere 
A) mesosphere 
B) thermosphere 
C) troposphere 
D) stratosphere 
E) exosphere

Question 8

Why does the upper atmosphere contain only very little dissociated nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A) Most of the nitrogen is in the troposphere and not in the upper atmosphere. 
B) The dissociated nitrogen very rapidly diffuses out of the atmosphere and into space. 
C) Nitrogen atoms are extremely reactive and so react with other substances immediately upon their formation. 
D) The bond energy of nitrogen is very high and it does not absorb radiation very efficiently. 
E) There is no N2 in the upper atmosphere. 
A) Most of the nitrogen is in the troposphere and not in the upper atmosphere. 
B) The dissociated nitrogen very rapidly diffuses out of the atmosphere and into space. 
C) Nitrogen atoms are extremely reactive and so react with other substances immediately upon their formation. 
D) The bond energy of nitrogen is very high and it does not absorb radiation very efficiently. 
E) There is no N2 in the upper atmosphere.

Question 9

The reaction that forms most of the acid in acid rain is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) SO2 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (aq) 
B) SO2 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO3 (aq) 
C) H2S (g) + 2 O2 (g) → H2SO4 (l) 
D) Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) → HCl (aq) + HClO (aq) 
E) SO3 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (aq) 
A) SO2 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (aq) 
B) SO2 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO3 (aq) 
C) H2S (g) + 2 O2 (g) → H2SO4 (l) 
D) Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) → HCl (aq) + HClO (aq) 
E) SO3 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (aq)

Question 10

The mole fraction of nitrous oxide in dry air near sea level is 0.00000050. The concentration of nitrous oxide is ________ molecules per liter, assuming an atmospheric pressure of 739 torr and a temperature of 29.5 °C.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.5 × 10-5 
B) 2.0 × 10-8 
C) 1.2 × 1016 
D) 8.9 × 1018 
E) 1.2 × 1017 
A) 1.5 × 10-5 
B) 2.0 × 10-8 
C) 1.2 × 1016 
D) 8.9 × 1018 
E) 1.2 × 1017

Question 11

The fourth most abundant component of dry air is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fourth most abundant component of dry...

Question 12

The sterilizing action of chlorine in water is due to what substance?

Accepted Answer

A) Cl- 
B) Cl2 
C) HCl 
D) HClO 
E) H+ 
A) Cl- 
B) Cl2 
C) HCl 
D) HClO 
E) H+

Question 13

The average pH of the oceans is ________ and is maintained by the buffering capacity of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The average pH of the oceans is...

Question 14

The pressure of the atmosphere ________.

Accepted Answer

A) increases with altitude 
B) follows the same trend as temperature 
C) decreases with altitude 
D) follows the reverse trend as temperature 
E) stays the same 
A) increases with altitude 
B) follows the same trend as temperature 
C) decreases with altitude 
D) follows the reverse trend as temperature 
E) stays the same

Question 15

THMs are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) non-toxic 
B) natural 
C) used in green chemistry 
D) suspected carcinogens 
E) atmospheric pollutants 
A) non-toxic 
B) natural 
C) used in green chemistry 
D) suspected carcinogens 
E) atmospheric pollutants

Question 16

Components of Air Mole Fraction Nitrogen 0.781
Oxygen 0.209
Argon 0.010
What is the partial pressure or nitrogen (in torr)in the atmosphere when the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 torr?

Accepted Answer

A) 159 
B) 594 
C) 611 
D) 7.60 
E) 760 
A) 159 
B) 594 
C) 611 
D) 7.60 
E) 760

Question 17

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al2(SO4)3, and Cl2. The purpose of adding CaO is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) remove all HCO3- as solid CaCO3 
B) remove all SO42- as solid CaSO4 
C) remove all Cl- as solid CaCl2 
D) selectively kill anaerobic (but not aerobic)bacteria 
E) make the water slightly basic so that addition of Al2(SO4)3 will afford a gelatinous precipitate of Al(OH)3 
A) remove all HCO3- as solid CaCO3 
B) remove all SO42- as solid CaSO4 
C) remove all Cl- as solid CaCl2 
D) selectively kill anaerobic (but not aerobic)bacteria 
E) make the water slightly basic so that addition of Al2(SO4)3 will afford a gelatinous precipitate of Al(OH)3

Question 18

The dissociation energy of N2 is 941 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of light that has enough energy per photon to dissociate the N2 molecule is ________ nm.

Accepted Answer

A) 3137 
B) 1.27 × 10-4 
C) 1.27 × 10-7 
D) 1.27 × 105 
E) 127 
A) 3137 
B) 1.27 × 10-4 
C) 1.27 × 10-7 
D) 1.27 × 105 
E) 127

Question 19

The three most concentrated ions in seawater are ________.

Accepted Answer

chloride i

Question 20

How can the presence of biodegradable waste in a lake result in the death of fish in the lake?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria utilize oxy

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

Radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum is absorbed by ________ found in the atmosphere.

Which of the following is not released by the combustion of fossil fuels?

Select the substance that is thought to be partially responsible for depleting the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere.

What is the percentage of freshwater on planet Earth?

Which of the following is not one of the 12 principles associated with green chemistry?

Of the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), which are exothermic? 1. O2 (g) + hν → O (g) + O (g) 2. O (g) + O2 (g) + M (g) → O3 (g) + M* (g) 3. O3 (g) + hν → O2 (g) + O (g) 4. O (g) + O (g) + M (g) → O2 (g) + M* (g)

The area of the Earth's atmosphere 50 - 85 km above the surface is called the ________.

Why does the upper atmosphere contain only very little dissociated nitrogen?

The reaction that forms most of the acid in acid rain is ________.

The mole fraction of nitrous oxide in dry air near sea level is 0.00000050. The concentration of nitrous oxide is ________ molecules per liter, assuming an atmospheric pressure of 739 torr and a temperature of 29.5 °C.

The fourth most abundant component of dry air is ________.

The sterilizing action of chlorine in water is due to what substance?

The average pH of the oceans is ________ and is maintained by the buffering capacity of ________.

The pressure of the atmosphere ________.

THMs are ________.

Components of Air Mole Fraction Nitrogen 0.781 Oxygen 0.209 Argon 0.010 What is the partial pressure or nitrogen (in torr)in the atmosphere when the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 torr?

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al2(SO4)3, and Cl2. The purpose of adding CaO is to ________.

The dissociation energy of N2 is 941 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of light that has enough energy per photon to dissociate the N2 molecule is ________ nm.

The three most concentrated ions in seawater are ________.

How can the presence of biodegradable waste in a lake result in the death of fish in the lake?

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

Of the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), which are exothermic? 1. O₂ (g) + hν → O (g) + O (g) 2. O (g) + O₂(g) + M (g) → O₃(g) + M^* (g) 3. O₃(g) + hν → O₂ (g) + O (g) 4. O (g) + O (g) + M (g) → O₂ (g) + M^* (g)

The average pH of the oceans is and is maintained by the buffering capacity of .

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al₂(SO₄)₃, and Cl₂. The purpose of adding CaO is to ________.

The dissociation energy of N₂ is 941 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of light that has enough energy per photon to dissociate the N₂ molecule is ________ nm.