Question 1

Which of the following is not a stage in water treatment?

Accepted Answer

A) coarse filtration 
B) aeration 
C) chlorination 
D) distillation 
E) settling 
A) coarse filtration 
B) aeration 
C) chlorination 
D) distillation 
E) settling

Question 2

Sulfur dioxide is not released into the atmosphere in any significant amount by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) burning of coal 
B) bacterial action 
C) internal combustion engines 
D) volcanic eruption 
E) Sulfur dioxide is produced in significant amount by all of these processes. 
A) burning of coal 
B) bacterial action 
C) internal combustion engines 
D) volcanic eruption 
E) Sulfur dioxide is produced in significant amount by all of these processes.

Question 3

The "scale" caused by hard water is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) calcium ions 
B) calcium carbonate 
C) chloride ions 
D) magnesium oxalate 
E) magnesium ions 
A) calcium ions 
B) calcium carbonate 
C) chloride ions 
D) magnesium oxalate 
E) magnesium ions

Question 4

The majority of ozone that protects against the high energy radiation of the sun is found in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) thermosphere 
B) mesosphere 
C) mesopause 
D) stratosphere 
E) troposphere 
A) thermosphere 
B) mesosphere 
C) mesopause 
D) stratosphere 
E) troposphere

Question 5

The partial pressure of a gas in air is 1.87 torr and its concentration is 8.57 × 103 ppm. The total air pressure is ________ torr.

Accepted Answer

A) 218 
B) 1.60 × 10-2 
C) 2.18 × 10-4 
D) 4.58 × 109 
E) 0.218 
A) 218 
B) 1.60 × 10-2 
C) 2.18 × 10-4 
D) 4.58 × 109 
E) 0.218

Question 6

Cl atoms formed via photolysis of C-Cl bonds of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere are particularly effective in destroying ozone at these altitudes because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Cl atoms absorb UV, which generate O atoms to react with O2 to produce ozone 
B) Cl atoms catalytically convert O3 to O2 
C) Cl atoms stoichiometrically convert O3 to O2 
D) Cl atoms react with H atoms, which catalyze conversion of O2 to O3 
E) Cl atoms react with N atoms, which catalyze conversion of O2 to O3 
A) Cl atoms absorb UV, which generate O atoms to react with O2 to produce ozone 
B) Cl atoms catalytically convert O3 to O2 
C) Cl atoms stoichiometrically convert O3 to O2 
D) Cl atoms react with H atoms, which catalyze conversion of O2 to O3 
E) Cl atoms react with N atoms, which catalyze conversion of O2 to O3

Question 7

The salinity, density, and temperature of seawater varies with ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The salinity, density, and temperature of seawater...

Question 8

Nitric oxide arises from internal combustion engines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

CO2 from hydrocarbon combustion creates a major environmental problem that is described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the greenhouse effect 
B) photochemical smog 
C) acid rain 
D) stratospheric ozone depletion 
E) all of the above 
A) the greenhouse effect 
B) photochemical smog 
C) acid rain 
D) stratospheric ozone depletion 
E) all of the above

Question 10

The lime-soda process is used for large-scale water-softening operations. CaO is added to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidize Fe2+ to insoluble Fe2O3 
B) cause precipitation of magnesium as Mg(OH)2 
C) remove most Al3+ as solid Al(OH)3 
D) cause precipitation of iron and magnesium as Fe2MgO4 
E) reduce the pH to 3-4 
A) oxidize Fe2+ to insoluble Fe2O3 
B) cause precipitation of magnesium as Mg(OH)2 
C) remove most Al3+ as solid Al(OH)3 
D) cause precipitation of iron and magnesium as Fe2MgO4 
E) reduce the pH to 3-4

Question 11

The dividing line between the troposphere and stratosphere is known as the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mesosphere 
B) tropopause 
C) thermosphere 
D) stratopause 
E) mesopause 
A) mesosphere 
B) tropopause 
C) thermosphere 
D) stratopause 
E) mesopause

Question 12

The concentration of water vapor in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of water of 1.20 torr and a total pressure of air of 695 torr is ________ ppm.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.7 × 103 
B) 1.7 
C) 0.17 
D) 5.8 × 10-4 
E) 0.58 
A) 1.7 × 103 
B) 1.7 
C) 0.17 
D) 5.8 × 10-4 
E) 0.58

Question 13

Which gaseous sulfur compound combines with water to form the principal acidic constituent of acid rain?

Accepted Answer

A) H2SO4 
B) SO2 
C) SO 
D) SO3 
E) H2S 
A) H2SO4 
B) SO2 
C) SO 
D) SO3 
E) H2S

Question 14

In the equation below, M is most likely ________. O + O2 + M → O3 + M*

Accepted Answer

A) Cl2 
B) N2 
C) Ne 
D) CO2 
E) H2O 
A) Cl2 
B) N2 
C) Ne 
D) CO2 
E) H2O

Question 15

The production of dead and decaying plant material is a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The production of dead and decaying plant...

Question 16

In the past, CFCs were not used in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) spray cans 
B) plastic manufacturing 
C) air conditioners 
D) refrigerators 
E) dry cleaning 
A) spray cans 
B) plastic manufacturing 
C) air conditioners 
D) refrigerators 
E) dry cleaning

Question 17

The concentration of Mg in seawater is 0.054 M. How many grams of Mg can be extracted from 10.0 kg of seawater if the recovery rate is 20.0%?

Accepted Answer

A) 13.9 
B) 6.50 
C) 11.3 
D) 2.62 
E) 5.25 
A) 13.9 
B) 6.50 
C) 11.3 
D) 2.62 
E) 5.25

Question 18

When dealing with gases, the volume fraction and the mole fraction are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In the troposphere, temperature ________ with increasing altitude, while in the stratosphere, temperature ________ with increasing altitude.

Accepted Answer

A) increases, increases 
B) decreases, decreases 
C) increases, decreases 
D) decreases, increases 
E) decreases, remains constant 
A) increases, increases 
B) decreases, decreases 
C) increases, decreases 
D) decreases, increases 
E) decreases, remains constant

Question 20

To produce acceptable quality drinking water from seawater by desalination, the level of salt must be reduced ________ fold.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 50 
C) 70 
D) 100 
E) 120 
A) 10 
B) 50 
C) 70 
D) 100 
E) 120

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

Which of the following is not a stage in water treatment?

Sulfur dioxide is not released into the atmosphere in any significant amount by ________.

The "scale" caused by hard water is ________.

The majority of ozone that protects against the high energy radiation of the sun is found in the ________.

The partial pressure of a gas in air is 1.87 torr and its concentration is 8.57 × 103 ppm. The total air pressure is ________ torr.

Cl atoms formed via photolysis of C-Cl bonds of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere are particularly effective in destroying ozone at these altitudes because ________.

The salinity, density, and temperature of seawater varies with ________.

Nitric oxide arises from internal combustion engines.

CO2 from hydrocarbon combustion creates a major environmental problem that is described as ________.

The lime-soda process is used for large-scale water-softening operations. CaO is added to ________.

The dividing line between the troposphere and stratosphere is known as the ________.

The concentration of water vapor in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of water of 1.20 torr and a total pressure of air of 695 torr is ________ ppm.

Which gaseous sulfur compound combines with water to form the principal acidic constituent of acid rain?

In the equation below, M is most likely ________. O + O2 + M → O3 + M*

The production of dead and decaying plant material is a process called ________.

In the past, CFCs were not used in ________.

The concentration of Mg in seawater is 0.054 M. How many grams of Mg can be extracted from 10.0 kg of seawater if the recovery rate is 20.0%?

When dealing with gases, the volume fraction and the mole fraction are the same.

In the troposphere, temperature ________ with increasing altitude, while in the stratosphere, temperature ________ with increasing altitude.

To produce acceptable quality drinking water from seawater by desalination, the level of salt must be reduced ________ fold.

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

The partial pressure of a gas in air is 1.87 torr and its concentration is 8.57 × 10³ ppm. The total air pressure is ________ torr.

CO₂ from hydrocarbon combustion creates a major environmental problem that is described as ________.

In the equation below, M is most likely ________. O + O₂ + M → O₃ + M^*

In the troposphere, temperature with increasing altitude, while in the stratosphere, temperature with increasing altitude.