Question 1

What is the term used to describe the accumulation of small changes in the gene pool of a species over time?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetic drift 
B) Founder effect 
C) Microevolution 
D) Directional selection 
A) Genetic drift 
B) Founder effect 
C) Microevolution 
D) Directional selection

Question 2

Stephen Jay Gould's three "tiers" of evolutionary time are

Accepted Answer

A) pre-biotic or before-life,prokaryotic life and eukaryotic life. 
B) microbial,plant and animal phases. 
C) pre-atmospheric,aquatic and terrestrial evolution. 
D) not time periods at all,but stabilizing,disruptive and stabilizing evolution processes. 
E) not time periods at all,but short-term population genetic processes,intermediate-term speciation and extinction rates,and long-term cycles of mass extinctions. 
A) pre-biotic or before-life,prokaryotic life and eukaryotic life. 
B) microbial,plant and animal phases. 
C) pre-atmospheric,aquatic and terrestrial evolution. 
D) not time periods at all,but stabilizing,disruptive and stabilizing evolution processes. 
E) not time periods at all,but short-term population genetic processes,intermediate-term speciation and extinction rates,and long-term cycles of mass extinctions.

Question 3

Evolution by natural selection was independently proposed by Darwin and __________.

Accepted Answer

A) Alfred Russel Wallace 
B) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
C) Captain Robert FitzRoy 
D) Charles Lyell 
A) Alfred Russel Wallace 
B) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
C) Captain Robert FitzRoy 
D) Charles Lyell

Question 4

Before the 18th century,theories on the origin of species are best described as

Accepted Answer

A) nonexistent. 
B) simple,with early Greek philosophers seeing fossils as destroyed life forms,but not placing them into an evolutionary concept. 
C) foundational,with early Greek philosophers seeing fossils as a continuous lineage but merely lacking the genetic understanding to explain it. 
D) complete,but poorly explained in modern scientific terms until Darwin wrote more clearly. 
A) nonexistent. 
B) simple,with early Greek philosophers seeing fossils as destroyed life forms,but not placing them into an evolutionary concept. 
C) foundational,with early Greek philosophers seeing fossils as a continuous lineage but merely lacking the genetic understanding to explain it. 
D) complete,but poorly explained in modern scientific terms until Darwin wrote more clearly.

Question 5

Which one of the following is NOT an observation of a population where natural selection is at work?

Accepted Answer

A) There is variation that can be inherited in a population 
B) The population always becomes adapted to its environment 
C) Many more individuals are produced by a population than can survive and reproduce 
D) Adaptive characteristics in some individuals make them more likely to survive and reproduce 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) There is variation that can be inherited in a population 
B) The population always becomes adapted to its environment 
C) Many more individuals are produced by a population than can survive and reproduce 
D) Adaptive characteristics in some individuals make them more likely to survive and reproduce 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 6

Lamarck's theory of evolution was centered on the idea that

Accepted Answer

A) individuals with genetic variations have different survival rates. 
B) species are only produced through special creation. 
C) species are fixed and unchanging over time. 
D) an individual organism changes during its lifetime,and these changes can be passed on to offspring. 
A) individuals with genetic variations have different survival rates. 
B) species are only produced through special creation. 
C) species are fixed and unchanging over time. 
D) an individual organism changes during its lifetime,and these changes can be passed on to offspring.

Question 7

The use of bird feathers for flight is an example of ________________ which contrasts to adaptation of the feather for its primary evolutionary role,thermoregulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of bird feathers for flight...

Question 8

Which of the following would result in reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A) Two populations of crickets are indistinguishable in physical features,but the females in each group only respond to the different songs of their males 
B) Fruit flies on one Hawaiian island live for hundreds of generations and do not come in contact with fruit flies on another island except when blown there by rare tropical storms 
C) One brood of the seventeen-year cicada emerged in 1987 (and will do so every 17 years)and lives a few months as adults;another brood emerged in 1992 (and will do so every 17 years);the larvae of both feed side-by-side on tree roots 
D) A lion and a tiger mate in the artificial confines of a zoo but the offspring is infertile 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Two populations of crickets are indistinguishable in physical features,but the females in each group only respond to the different songs of their males 
B) Fruit flies on one Hawaiian island live for hundreds of generations and do not come in contact with fruit flies on another island except when blown there by rare tropical storms 
C) One brood of the seventeen-year cicada emerged in 1987 (and will do so every 17 years)and lives a few months as adults;another brood emerged in 1992 (and will do so every 17 years);the larvae of both feed side-by-side on tree roots 
D) A lion and a tiger mate in the artificial confines of a zoo but the offspring is infertile 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 9

If early Native Americans who originated in North Asia had remained the only ancestral settlers in North America,rather than the overwhelming mixture of immigrants from across Europe and other continents,today there would be a much higher incidence of North Asian traits in the U.S.population.Such a scenario would demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow from continent to continent. 
B) the founder effect. 
C) genetic drift among the original Northern Asians. 
D) fitness for the North American environment. 
A) gene flow from continent to continent. 
B) the founder effect. 
C) genetic drift among the original Northern Asians. 
D) fitness for the North American environment.

Exam 6: Organic Evolution

What is the term used to describe the accumulation of small changes in the gene pool of a species over time?

Stephen Jay Gould's three "tiers" of evolutionary time are

Evolution by natural selection was independently proposed by Darwin and __________.

Before the 18th century,theories on the origin of species are best described as

Which one of the following is NOT an observation of a population where natural selection is at work?

Lamarck's theory of evolution was centered on the idea that

The use of bird feathers for flight is an example of ________________ which contrasts to adaptation of the feather for its primary evolutionary role,thermoregulation.

Which of the following would result in reproductive isolation?

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectual Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Cnidarians and Ctenophores

Acoelomorpha, Platyzoa, and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Hexapods

Chaetognaths, echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, Protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Behavior

Animal Distribution

Animal Ecology

Filters

Before the 18^th century,theories on the origin of species are best described as