Question 1

Compare and contrast habituation and sensitization.Are the two concepts really different? If so,explain how.

Accepted Answer

Habituation and sensitization are two different processes that occur in response to repeated stimuli.

Habituation is the process by which an organism becomes less responsive to a stimulus after being exposed to it repeatedly. This can be seen in everyday life, such as when we stop noticing background noises or smells after being exposed to them for a period of time. Habituation is a form of non-associative learning, meaning it does not involve the association of different stimuli or responses.

On the other hand, sensitization is the process by which an organism becomes more responsive to a stimulus after being exposed to it repeatedly. This can occur in response to a particularly intense or aversive stimulus, causing an increased sensitivity to similar stimuli in the future. Sensitization is also a form of non-associative learning.

While habituation and sensitization may seem like opposite processes, they are not necessarily mutually exclusive. In fact, they can occur simultaneously in response to different aspects of a stimulus. For example, an individual may habituate to the background noise of a busy street while simultaneously becoming sensitized to the sound of a car horn.

In conclusion, habituation and sensitization are indeed different concepts, as they involve opposite changes in responsiveness to a stimulus. However, they are not entirely separate processes and can occur simultaneously in response to different aspects of a stimulus.

Question 2

The three ethologists who were awarded the Nobel Prize are von Frisch,Lorenz,and ____________.

Accepted Answer

Niko Tinbergen

Question 3

The waggle dance helps bees

Accepted Answer

A) Communicate when they are hungry. 
B) Show aggression. 
C) Communicate the location of food. 
D) Sound the alarm to protect the hive when it is invaded. 
E) Find mates. 
A) Communicate when they are hungry. 
B) Show aggression. 
C) Communicate the location of food. 
D) Sound the alarm to protect the hive when it is invaded. 
E) Find mates. C

Question 4

If a male white-crowned sparrow is hatched and reared in isolation but allowed during a critical period of imprinting (10 to 50 days after hatching)to hear the song of a male from another species,the bird most likely will

Accepted Answer

A) only learn the appropriate song of its own species. 
B) sing the appropriate song of the other species. 
C) try to modify the crude song it was "born with" with the other-species song and produce a unique song. 
D) not sing at all. 
E) develop an abnormal song. 
A) only learn the appropriate song of its own species. 
B) sing the appropriate song of the other species. 
C) try to modify the crude song it was "born with" with the other-species song and produce a unique song. 
D) not sing at all. 
E) develop an abnormal song.

Question 5

A territory

Accepted Answer

A) is a defended area from which animals of the same species are excluded. 
B) is a defended area from which animals of all species are excluded. 
C) is the same as an animal's home range. 
D) is much more common among mammals than birds. 
E) none of the choices is correct. 
A) is a defended area from which animals of the same species are excluded. 
B) is a defended area from which animals of all species are excluded. 
C) is the same as an animal's home range. 
D) is much more common among mammals than birds. 
E) none of the choices is correct.

Question 6

Explain the complexity of the hereditary transmission of most innate behavior.Why is it so difficult to study?

Accepted Answer

The complexity of the hereditary transmi

Question 7

If a behavior is most closely associated with an organism's genetic makeup and is identical to behavior in other members of the species,the behavior is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) Innate. 
B) Conditioned. 
C) Trial-and-error. 
D) Learned. 
A) Innate. 
B) Conditioned. 
C) Trial-and-error. 
D) Learned.

Question 8

Imprinting includes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) illustrates another form of learned behavior. 
B) is confined to a brief sensitive period in the individual's early life. 
C) is permanent once it is established. 
D) can be modified base on experience. 
A) illustrates another form of learned behavior. 
B) is confined to a brief sensitive period in the individual's early life. 
C) is permanent once it is established. 
D) can be modified base on experience.

Question 9

Behavior carried out in an orderly,predictable sequence is referred to as ___________ behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behavior carried out in an orderly,predictable sequence...

Question 10

Tinbergen's male stickleback fish would attack models of other males if the models had

Accepted Answer

A) a wide gaping mouth. 
B) a red underside. 
C) a fat pregnant profile. 
D) three spines. 
E) the exact full shape of a normal stickleback fish. 
A) a wide gaping mouth. 
B) a red underside. 
C) a fat pregnant profile. 
D) three spines. 
E) the exact full shape of a normal stickleback fish.

Question 11

The leader of a troop of baboons defends his family,or honeybees defend their hive "to the death",what is this apparent behavior of risking one's life for others is called

Accepted Answer

A) altruism. 
B) sexual selection. 
C) ritualization. 
D) competition. 
E) agonistic behavior. 
A) altruism. 
B) sexual selection. 
C) ritualization. 
D) competition. 
E) agonistic behavior.

Question 12

A simple kind of learning in which there is a reduction or elimination of a response in the absence of any reward or punishment is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A simple kind of learning in which...

Question 13

The ethological study of social behavior in animals,originated by E.O.Wilson in 1975,is called ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ethological study of social behavior in...

Question 14

The function of territoriality may be

Accepted Answer

A) to reduce intraspecific fighting. 
B) to ensure food supply. 
C) for mating and rearing of young. 
D) all of the choices are correct. 
E) none of the choices are correct. 
A) to reduce intraspecific fighting. 
B) to ensure food supply. 
C) for mating and rearing of young. 
D) all of the choices are correct. 
E) none of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Ethologists carry out all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) attempt to study the behavior of an animal in its natural habitat. 
B) have demonstrated that behavioral traits can be isolated and measured. 
C) have demonstrated that behavioral traits have evolutionary histories. 
D) attempt to study the behavior of an animal in a laboratory environment where all variables can be controlled. 
E) identify general laws of behavior that apply to many species. 
A) attempt to study the behavior of an animal in its natural habitat. 
B) have demonstrated that behavioral traits can be isolated and measured. 
C) have demonstrated that behavioral traits have evolutionary histories. 
D) attempt to study the behavior of an animal in a laboratory environment where all variables can be controlled. 
E) identify general laws of behavior that apply to many species.

Question 16

Outline the "language of the bees" according to the different types of dances expressed from foraging workers.

Accepted Answer

The "language of the bees" refers to the

Question 17

How are territories and ranges different? What is the purpose of distinguishing between the two when neither territory nor range can be exactly quantified?

Accepted Answer

Territories and ranges are terms used in

Question 18

One kind of learning behavior,illustrated by goslings that will follow the first moving object they see (usually their mother)is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One kind of learning behavior,illustrated by goslings...

Question 19

The undefended area over which many mammals move in their daily travels is called a ______ ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The undefended area over which many mammals...

Question 20

Discuss the properties of imprinting.How could any kind of imprinting have evolved?

Accepted Answer

Imprinting is a form of learning in whic

Exam 36: Animal Behavior

Compare and contrast habituation and sensitization.Are the two concepts really different? If so,explain how.

The three ethologists who were awarded the Nobel Prize are von Frisch,Lorenz,and ____________.

The waggle dance helps bees

If a male white-crowned sparrow is hatched and reared in isolation but allowed during a critical period of imprinting (10 to 50 days after hatching)to hear the song of a male from another species,the bird most likely will

A territory

Explain the complexity of the hereditary transmission of most innate behavior.Why is it so difficult to study?

If a behavior is most closely associated with an organism's genetic makeup and is identical to behavior in other members of the species,the behavior is referred to as

Imprinting includes all of the following except

Behavior carried out in an orderly,predictable sequence is referred to as ___________ behavior.

Tinbergen's male stickleback fish would attack models of other males if the models had

The leader of a troop of baboons defends his family,or honeybees defend their hive "to the death",what is this apparent behavior of risking one's life for others is called

A simple kind of learning in which there is a reduction or elimination of a response in the absence of any reward or punishment is called ____________.

The ethological study of social behavior in animals,originated by E.O.Wilson in 1975,is called ______.

The function of territoriality may be

Ethologists carry out all of the following except

Outline the "language of the bees" according to the different types of dances expressed from foraging workers.

How are territories and ranges different? What is the purpose of distinguishing between the two when neither territory nor range can be exactly quantified?

One kind of learning behavior,illustrated by goslings that will follow the first moving object they see (usually their mother)is called ____________.

The undefended area over which many mammals move in their daily travels is called a ______ ______.

Discuss the properties of imprinting.How could any kind of imprinting have evolved?

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectual Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Cnidarians and Ctenophores

Acoelomorpha, Platyzoa, and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Hexapods

Chaetognaths, echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, Protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Distribution

Animal Ecology

Filters

The undefended area over which many mammals move in their daily travels is called a .