Exam 6: Organic Evolution

Which of the following is correct about genetic drift?

In the case of Darwin's finches,an ancestral finch species from the mainland arrived on the Galápagos Islands and later evolved into many new species via adaptive radiation.The ancestral finch species apparently did NOT undergo adaptive radiation back on the mainland.What is the most plausible biological explanation?

Technically,differential survival and reproduction among offspring with varying traits is

As author of the book Principles of Geology,______ presented arguments to support a theory of geological change that the earth was subject to slow but continuous erosion and uplift,following the laws of physics and chemistry similar to what is observed today.

Both Wallace and Darwin read about the critical concept of overpopulation and limited environmental capacity in a book by

In his voyage on the H.M.S.Beagle,most of Darwin's observations about changes in species over time and in different environments took place in and near where?

Explain why extinction is a necessary aspect of evolution.What would happen if nothing died and there were no extinction?

Some creationists acknowledge that gene frequencies change in observable time (and accept microevolution)but dispute that larger "kinds" ever evolve.A biologist replies that macroevolution is merely the same processes of gene frequency change continued over a longer time.The creationist's answer is incomplete because it does not recognize what additional phenomena inherent in macroevolution?

A population that undergoes a major reduction in size is said to experience a population ___________.

Research indicates people are most likely to select a mate from a nearby village or city,or high school or college.Therefore,the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium does not apply well to human populations because

Which of the following constitute pre-mating barrier(s)?

In the early 1990s,the African honeybee migrated across the Mexican border into the United States.Our domesticated honey bee-originally from Europe-is slow to sting,requires abundant flower nectar,forages later in the morning,does not tolerate subtropical conditions as well as the "Africanized" honey bee,and stores much honey but only produces enough new brood to swarm once a year.Because the European honey bee was performing poorly as a honey producer in South America,the African subspecies had been imported in a breeding experiment.The African honey bee formed small nests,foraged earlier and created more honey using smaller nectar sources,produced less honey stores and more brood,swarmed four or five times a year,and was fast to sting.However,when African queens escaped,the two bee populations interbred and the African genotype spread about 300 kilometers north each year.Unexpectedly,a hundred kilometers behind the expanding range of the African honey bees,the European and hybrid hives died out in subtropical areas and the bees were essentially 100 percent African.How would this be explained in evolutionary genetics terms?

Retention of ancestral juvenile characters by adult descendants is termed

Which of the following is/are true about natural selection?

Scientists recognize a species on what criterion(a)?

Ants that specialize on harvesting one species of tree leaves can optimally exploit that resource but are in trouble if their food tree declines,whereas generalist ant species can switch to other foods.The rate at which these two lineages speciate and go extinct differs,a phenomenon labeled

A male peacock that displays showy and cumbersome feathers to attract a mate,but then is more vulnerable to predators,reveals the predicament of

Explain Lamarck's theory of evolution and describe how it contrasts with modern Darwinian views.

Overall,how do the effects of the major mass extinctions compare?

Which statement is NOT true about nonrandom mating?