Question 1

When the posterior lobe of the pituitary is stimulated to increase its secretion of ADH, the first event to occur is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) increase in urine volume. 
B) increase in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
C) decrease in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
D) decrease in ECF volume. 
A) increase in urine volume. 
B) increase in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
C) decrease in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
D) decrease in ECF volume.

Question 2

Plasma, synovial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid are all examples of extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation.
-A fluid volume deficit that can lead to a state of dehydration

Accepted Answer

A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia 
A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia

Question 4

In accordance with the physical laws governing filtration and osmosis, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood hydrostatic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid. 
B) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure tends to force fluid out of the capillaries and into the interstitial fluid. 
C) Blood colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid back into the capillaries. 
D) Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid. 
A) Blood hydrostatic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid. 
B) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure tends to force fluid out of the capillaries and into the interstitial fluid. 
C) Blood colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid back into the capillaries. 
D) Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid.

Question 5

Electrolytes are substances that dissociate in solution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Colloid pressure is the chief regulator of water transfer between intracellular and interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Impulses from the subfornical organ stimulates the release of ADH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When compared chemically, interstitial fluid and intercellular fluid are almost identical.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If two electrodes charged with a weak current were placed in a solution of NaCl, the positive electrode would attract:

Accepted Answer

A) cations. 
B) anions. 
C) chloride ions. 
D) Both B and C are correct. 
A) cations. 
B) anions. 
C) chloride ions. 
D) Both B and C are correct.

Question 10

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation.
-Serum potassium levels substantially below normal; a potassium deficit

Accepted Answer

A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia 
A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia

Question 11

Diuretics, used cautiously, can be used to treat hypovolemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

If a solution of sodium (Na⁺, atomic weight = 23) and a solution of calcium (Ca²⁺, atomic weight = 40) had equal mg%, what would be the mEq/L of each?

Accepted Answer

The mEq/L of calcium

Question 13

Explain how various hormones impact the amount of urine produced. What are the sources of these hormones? Why is water reabsorption more important than GFR in regulating urine volume?

Accepted Answer

Various hormones impact the amount of ur

Question 14

Which large molecules are retained by the selectively permeable cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium ions 
B) Potassium ions 
C) Proteins 
A) Sodium ions 
B) Potassium ions 
C) Proteins

Question 15

A body weight loss of 7% due to dehydration is the most that can be tolerated and still sustain life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In accordance with the physical laws governing filtration and osmosis, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood hydrostatic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid. 
B) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure tends to force fluid out of the capillaries and into the interstitial fluid. 
C) Blood colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid back into the capillaries. 
D) Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid. 
A) Blood hydrostatic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid. 
B) Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure tends to force fluid out of the capillaries and into the interstitial fluid. 
C) Blood colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid back into the capillaries. 
D) Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure tends to draw fluid into the capillaries from the interstitial fluid.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is(are) not true?

Accepted Answer

A) Men have less body water than women do. 
B) Adults have less body water than infants do. 
C) Overweight people have less body water than slender people do. 
D) All of the above are true statements. 
A) Men have less body water than women do. 
B) Adults have less body water than infants do. 
C) Overweight people have less body water than slender people do. 
D) All of the above are true statements.

Question 18

What is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Chlorine 
C) Potassium 
D) Magnesium 
A) Sodium 
B) Chlorine 
C) Potassium 
D) Magnesium

Question 19

The subfornical organ is located in what part of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypothalamus 
B) Parietal lobe of the brain 
C) Roof of the third ventricle of the brain 
D) Medulla 
A) Hypothalamus 
B) Parietal lobe of the brain 
C) Roof of the third ventricle of the brain 
D) Medulla

Question 20

In infants, total body water constitutes approximately 40% of body weight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 43: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

When the posterior lobe of the pituitary is stimulated to increase its secretion of ADH, the first event to occur is a(n):

Plasma, synovial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid are all examples of extracellular fluid.

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation. -A fluid volume deficit that can lead to a state of dehydration

In accordance with the physical laws governing filtration and osmosis, which of the following statements is true?

Electrolytes are substances that dissociate in solution.

Colloid pressure is the chief regulator of water transfer between intracellular and interstitial fluid.

Impulses from the subfornical organ stimulates the release of ADH.

When compared chemically, interstitial fluid and intercellular fluid are almost identical.

If two electrodes charged with a weak current were placed in a solution of NaCl, the positive electrode would attract:

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation. -Serum potassium levels substantially below normal; a potassium deficit

Diuretics, used cautiously, can be used to treat hypovolemia.

If a solution of sodium (Na⁺, atomic weight = 23) and a solution of calcium (Ca²⁺, atomic weight = 40) had equal mg%, what would be the mEq/L of each?

Explain how various hormones impact the amount of urine produced. What are the sources of these hormones? Why is water reabsorption more important than GFR in regulating urine volume?

Which large molecules are retained by the selectively permeable cell membrane?

A body weight loss of 7% due to dehydration is the most that can be tolerated and still sustain life.

In accordance with the physical laws governing filtration and osmosis, which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is(are) not true?

What is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluid?

The subfornical organ is located in what part of the central nervous system?

In infants, total body water constitutes approximately 40% of body weight.

Organization of the Body

Homeostasis

Chemistry of Life

Biomolecules

Cell Structure

Cell Function

Cell Growth and Development

Introduction to Tissues

Tissue Types

Skin

Skeletal Tissues

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Axial Muscles

Appendicular Muscles

Muscle Contraction

Nervous System Cells

Nerve Signaling

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

General Senses

Special Senses

Endocrine Regulation

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Heart

Blood Vessels

Circulation of the Blood

Lymphatic System

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Stress

Respiratory Tract

Ventilation

Gas Exchange Transport

Upper Digestive Tract

Lower Digestive Tract

Digestion and Absorption

Nutrition and Metabolism

Urinary System

Acid-Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

Growth, Development, and Aging

Genetics and Heredity

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