Question 1

Cognitive dissonance is a state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is the most effective strategy to reduce prejudice and us-them thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  encouraging social contact between groups 
B)  having groups work together on a task requiring cooperation to reach a common goal 
C)  establishing legal equality of all groups 
D)  education about social issues and diversity 
A)  encouraging social contact between groups 
B)  having groups work together on a task requiring cooperation to reach a common goal 
C)  establishing legal equality of all groups 
D)  education about social issues and diversity

Question 3

About ________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

Accepted Answer

A)  one-third 
B)  half 
C)  one-fourth 
D)  two-thirds 
A)  one-third 
B)  half 
C)  one-fourth 
D)  two-thirds

Question 4

Match these definitions with the terms they define.
-A group of rules, values, and beliefs shared by most members of a society and passed from one generation to another.

Accepted Answer

A) social identity 
B) social roles 
C) social cognition 
D) social norms 
E) culture 
A) social identity 
B) social roles 
C) social cognition 
D) social norms 
E) culture

Question 5

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency of people to overestimate the role of:

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional factors in the behaviour of others. 
B)  situational factors in the behaviour of others. 
C)  situational factors in their own behaviour. 
D)  dispositional factors in their own behaviour. 
A)  dispositional factors in the behaviour of others. 
B)  situational factors in the behaviour of others. 
C)  situational factors in their own behaviour. 
D)  dispositional factors in their own behaviour.

Question 6

Solomon Asch designed his famous conformity studies in order to see what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is a way of measuring implicit prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A)  anonymous surveys of attitudes 
B)  face-to-face interviews with individuals 
C)  survey of discriminatory behaviours 
D)  measurement of unconscious associations 
A)  anonymous surveys of attitudes 
B)  face-to-face interviews with individuals 
C)  survey of discriminatory behaviours 
D)  measurement of unconscious associations

Question 8

Routinization is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match these studies with the researchers who completed them.
-Stanford prison study

Accepted Answer

A) Solomon Asch 
B) Stanley Milgram 
C) Muzafer Sherif 
D) Phillip Zimbardo 
A) Solomon Asch 
B) Stanley Milgram 
C) Muzafer Sherif 
D) Phillip Zimbardo

Question 10

One way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members, in order to enhance allegiance to the group, is through the use of uniforms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the two types of causal attributions that people make?

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional and situational 
B)  environmental and situational 
C)  personality traits and dispositional 
D)  nature and nurture 
A)  dispositional and situational 
B)  environmental and situational 
C)  personality traits and dispositional 
D)  nature and nurture

Question 12

Us-them social identities are strengthened when two groups compete with one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Sociocultural research suggests four conditions that must be met before conflict and prejudice between groups can be lessened. Describe each of these conditions in detail.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 14

Before Milgram's study on obedience began, psychiatrists predicted that only 1 person in 1000 would administer the highest voltage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The tendency to take credit for one's good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the fundamental attribution error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a type of function served by prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological 
B)  social and cultural 
C)  cognitive 
D)  economic 
A)  psychological 
B)  social and cultural 
C)  cognitive 
D)  economic

Question 17

When a person holds an attitude, the:

Accepted Answer

A)  person may not be consciously aware of the particular attitude he or she holds. 
B)  attitude is usually overt and verifiable by others. 
C)  attitude will be unrelated to how the person structures his or her social reality. 
D)  person's behaviour is unlikely to be affected by that attitude. 
A)  person may not be consciously aware of the particular attitude he or she holds. 
B)  attitude is usually overt and verifiable by others. 
C)  attitude will be unrelated to how the person structures his or her social reality. 
D)  person's behaviour is unlikely to be affected by that attitude.

Question 18

What is the most common explanation of bystander apathy?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion of responsibility 
B)  blaming the victim 
C)  entrapment 
D)  acculturation 
A)  diffusion of responsibility 
B)  blaming the victim 
C)  entrapment 
D)  acculturation

Question 19

In every society, family roles set tasks for parent and child, husband and wife. Relying on your own observations and on media portrayals, assess the family roles that are evident in the majority culture of Canada. Then examine how these family roles were enacted in your own family. Do you anticipate changes in norms for family roles as you move through adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 20

________ is defined as a gradual process in which individuals escalate their commitment to a course of action to justify their investment of time, money, or effort.

Accepted Answer

A)  Commitment 
B)  Obedience 
C)  Entrapment 
D)  Conformity 
A)  Commitment 
B)  Obedience 
C)  Entrapment 
D)  Conformity

Cognitive dissonance is a state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent.

What is the most effective strategy to reduce prejudice and us-them thinking?

About ________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

Match these definitions with the terms they define. -A group of rules, values, and beliefs shared by most members of a society and passed from one generation to another.

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency of people to overestimate the role of:

Solomon Asch designed his famous conformity studies in order to see what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact.

Which of the following is a way of measuring implicit prejudice?

Routinization is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behaviour.

Match these studies with the researchers who completed them. -Stanford prison study

One way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members, in order to enhance allegiance to the group, is through the use of uniforms.

What are the two types of causal attributions that people make?

Us-them social identities are strengthened when two groups compete with one another.

Sociocultural research suggests four conditions that must be met before conflict and prejudice between groups can be lessened. Describe each of these conditions in detail.

Before Milgram's study on obedience began, psychiatrists predicted that only 1 person in 1000 would administer the highest voltage.

The tendency to take credit for one's good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the fundamental attribution error.

Which of the following is NOT a type of function served by prejudice?

When a person holds an attitude, the:

What is the most common explanation of bystander apathy?

________ is defined as a gradual process in which individuals escalate their commitment to a course of action to justify their investment of time, money, or effort.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 8: Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Cognitive dissonance is a state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent.

What is the most effective strategy to reduce prejudice and us-them thinking?

About ________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

Match these definitions with the terms they define. -A group of rules, values, and beliefs shared by most members of a society and passed from one generation to another.

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency of people to overestimate the role of:

Solomon Asch designed his famous conformity studies in order to see what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact.

Which of the following is a way of measuring implicit prejudice?

Routinization is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behaviour.

Match these studies with the researchers who completed them. -Stanford prison study

One way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members, in order to enhance allegiance to the group, is through the use of uniforms.

What are the two types of causal attributions that people make?

Us-them social identities are strengthened when two groups compete with one another.

Sociocultural research suggests four conditions that must be met before conflict and prejudice between groups can be lessened. Describe each of these conditions in detail.

Before Milgram's study on obedience began, psychiatrists predicted that only 1 person in 1000 would administer the highest voltage.

The tendency to take credit for one's good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the fundamental attribution error.

Which of the following is NOT a type of function served by prejudice?

When a person holds an attitude, the:

What is the most common explanation of bystander apathy?

________ is defined as a gradual process in which individuals escalate their commitment to a course of action to justify their investment of time, money, or effort.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters