Question 1

An effective way to influence attitudes is to have the argument or product endorsed by someone who is admired or attractive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Philip Zimbardo 
C)  Stanley Milgram 
D)  Muzafer Sherif 
A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Philip Zimbardo 
C)  Stanley Milgram 
D)  Muzafer Sherif

Question 3

Name and describe an implicit cultural standard from your cultural background. How would you feel if you violated this norm?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 4

Garret has a tendency to take credit for his good actions, but he attributes his mistakes to "an off day." This would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the just-world hypothesis. 
B)  the validity effect. 
C)  the fundamental attribution error. 
D)  the self-serving bias. 
A)  the just-world hypothesis. 
B)  the validity effect. 
C)  the fundamental attribution error. 
D)  the self-serving bias.

Question 5

The tendency to take credit for one's own good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the self-serving bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

People form a summary impression of a group, believing that all members of a group share a common trait. The traits may be positive, negative, or neutral, but in each case they help organize experience. The problem is that sometimes this process can distort reality. Analyze three different ways that reality is distorted through stereotypes. How do cultural values play a role in affecting how people evaluate a particular action?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 7

Entrapment occurs when someone in authority asks you to do something, and you want to disobey, but instead you agree to do it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is the text's definition of culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  the social roles that people follow with conscious deliberation 
B)  rules that regulate human life, including implicit standards for community living 
C)  the social conventions and explicit laws followed by members of a community 
D)  a program of shared rules that govern the behaviour of members of a society 
A)  the social roles that people follow with conscious deliberation 
B)  rules that regulate human life, including implicit standards for community living 
C)  the social conventions and explicit laws followed by members of a community 
D)  a program of shared rules that govern the behaviour of members of a society

Question 9

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called ethnocentrism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Janis, an administrative assistant at a London firm, is trying to find reasons for her supervisor's behaviour. She is likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  overestimate her supervisor's personality traits and underestimate the influence of the situation. 
B)  leap to the attribution that her supervisor's behaviour corresponds to work demands. 
C)  explore the personality traits and the environmental constraints to derive an explanation. 
D)  ignore dispositional attributions in favour of situational attributions. 
A)  overestimate her supervisor's personality traits and underestimate the influence of the situation. 
B)  leap to the attribution that her supervisor's behaviour corresponds to work demands. 
C)  explore the personality traits and the environmental constraints to derive an explanation. 
D)  ignore dispositional attributions in favour of situational attributions.

Question 11

When close-knit group members experience groupthink, it means that they tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)  overestimate the personality factors of others and underestimate the situation. 
B)  use problem-solving procedures that have been effective in the group's past. 
C)  take individual credit for good decisions and blame the group for others. 
D)  think alike and to suppress disagreement for the sake of harmony. 
A)  overestimate the personality factors of others and underestimate the situation. 
B)  use problem-solving procedures that have been effective in the group's past. 
C)  take individual credit for good decisions and blame the group for others. 
D)  think alike and to suppress disagreement for the sake of harmony.

Question 12

One fact about prejudice is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  commonly causes conflict between groups. 
B)  often remains immune to evidence. 
C)  increases feelings of doubt, fear, and insecurity. 
D)  is currently regarded as a form of mental illness. 
A)  commonly causes conflict between groups. 
B)  often remains immune to evidence. 
C)  increases feelings of doubt, fear, and insecurity. 
D)  is currently regarded as a form of mental illness.

Question 13

In the prison study, some guards tried to convince other guards not to be so cruel to the prisoners.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is it called when a person experiences conflict between two attitudes or between an attitude and a behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive consistency 
B)  behavioural adjustment 
C)  cognitive dissonance 
D)  implicit assumption 
A)  cognitive consistency 
B)  behavioural adjustment 
C)  cognitive dissonance 
D)  implicit assumption

Question 15

In variations of Stanley Milgram's study on obedience, people's behaviours were not influenced by whether the person giving orders looked "ordinary" or looked like "an experimenter."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Individuals are generally conscious of the social rules that they follow in their own society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match these definitions with the terms they define.
-the tendency, in explaining other people's behaviour, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation

Accepted Answer

A) Fundamental attribution error 
B) Self-serving bias 
C) Just-world hypothesis 
D) Cognitive dissonance 
E) Entrapment 
A) Fundamental attribution error 
B) Self-serving bias 
C) Just-world hypothesis 
D) Cognitive dissonance 
E) Entrapment

Question 18

Bystander apathy occurs when members of a group lose awareness of their own individuality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What criticisms have been raised regarding Milgram's comparison of his study with the brutality of the Nazis in the Second World War?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 20

The tendency to explain favourably the behaviours of members of groups to which we belong is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-serving bias. 
B)  ethnocentrism. 
C)  group-serving bias. 
D)  just-world hypothesis. 
A)  self-serving bias. 
B)  ethnocentrism. 
C)  group-serving bias. 
D)  just-world hypothesis.

An effective way to influence attitudes is to have the argument or product endorsed by someone who is admired or attractive.

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Name and describe an implicit cultural standard from your cultural background. How would you feel if you violated this norm?

Garret has a tendency to take credit for his good actions, but he attributes his mistakes to "an off day." This would be an example of:

The tendency to take credit for one's own good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the self-serving bias.

Entrapment occurs when someone in authority asks you to do something, and you want to disobey, but instead you agree to do it.

Which of the following is the text's definition of culture?

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called ethnocentrism.

Janis, an administrative assistant at a London firm, is trying to find reasons for her supervisor's behaviour. She is likely to:

When close-knit group members experience groupthink, it means that they tend to:

One fact about prejudice is that it:

In the prison study, some guards tried to convince other guards not to be so cruel to the prisoners.

What is it called when a person experiences conflict between two attitudes or between an attitude and a behaviour?

In variations of Stanley Milgram's study on obedience, people's behaviours were not influenced by whether the person giving orders looked "ordinary" or looked like "an experimenter."

Individuals are generally conscious of the social rules that they follow in their own society.

Match these definitions with the terms they define. -the tendency, in explaining other people's behaviour, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation

Bystander apathy occurs when members of a group lose awareness of their own individuality.

What criticisms have been raised regarding Milgram's comparison of his study with the brutality of the Nazis in the Second World War?

The tendency to explain favourably the behaviours of members of groups to which we belong is known as:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 8: Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

An effective way to influence attitudes is to have the argument or product endorsed by someone who is admired or attractive.

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Name and describe an implicit cultural standard from your cultural background. How would you feel if you violated this norm?

Garret has a tendency to take credit for his good actions, but he attributes his mistakes to "an off day." This would be an example of:

The tendency to take credit for one's own good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the self-serving bias.

Entrapment occurs when someone in authority asks you to do something, and you want to disobey, but instead you agree to do it.

Which of the following is the text's definition of culture?

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called ethnocentrism.

Janis, an administrative assistant at a London firm, is trying to find reasons for her supervisor's behaviour. She is likely to:

When close-knit group members experience groupthink, it means that they tend to:

One fact about prejudice is that it:

In the prison study, some guards tried to convince other guards not to be so cruel to the prisoners.

What is it called when a person experiences conflict between two attitudes or between an attitude and a behaviour?

In variations of Stanley Milgram's study on obedience, people's behaviours were not influenced by whether the person giving orders looked "ordinary" or looked like "an experimenter."

Individuals are generally conscious of the social rules that they follow in their own society.

Match these definitions with the terms they define. -the tendency, in explaining other people's behaviour, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation

Bystander apathy occurs when members of a group lose awareness of their own individuality.

What criticisms have been raised regarding Milgram's comparison of his study with the brutality of the Nazis in the Second World War?

The tendency to explain favourably the behaviours of members of groups to which we belong is known as:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters