Question 1

A biome is a cultural area where people behave in a predictable manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Why do anthropologists study demography? Illustrate with an example that shows how demographic analysis intersects with other areas of anthropological interest. Include a description of the quantitative demographic measures that would be relevant to the example you have chosen.

Accepted Answer

Anthropologists study demography because it provides valuable insights into the dynamics of human populations, including patterns of fertility, mortality, migration, and population growth. By understanding these demographic processes, anthropologists can gain a deeper understanding of how societies are structured, how they change over time, and how they interact with their environments.

One example of how demographic analysis intersects with other areas of anthropological interest is the study of indigenous communities and their interactions with colonial powers. For instance, anthropologists may examine the impact of European colonization on the demographic patterns of indigenous populations in the Americas. This could involve analyzing historical records to understand changes in fertility and mortality rates, as well as patterns of migration and displacement.

Quantitative demographic measures that would be relevant to this example include measures of fertility such as the total fertility rate (TFR), which indicates the average number of children born to a woman in a population. Anthropologists may also look at measures of mortality, such as the infant mortality rate, to understand the impact of colonialism on indigenous populations. Additionally, measures of migration, such as net migration rate, could be used to assess the movement of indigenous peoples in response to colonial pressures.

By integrating demographic analysis with other anthropological approaches, researchers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the complex social, cultural, and environmental factors that shape human populations and their histories.

Question 3

__________ are incentives for people to move from one society to another.

Accepted Answer

A)  Demographic determinants 
B)  Migration factors 
C)  Push factors 
D)  Pull factors 
A)  Demographic determinants 
B)  Migration factors 
C)  Push factors 
D)  Pull factors D

Question 4

Why do foraging societies sometimes resort to infanticide?

Accepted Answer

A)  to engage in more frequent intercourse 
B)  to supplement scarce hunting resources 
C)  to reduce the effects of anticipated food shortages 
D)  to make sacrifices to their deities 
A)  to engage in more frequent intercourse 
B)  to supplement scarce hunting resources 
C)  to reduce the effects of anticipated food shortages 
D)  to make sacrifices to their deities

Question 5

Nuer subsistence, like that of many other pastoral peoples, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is based primarily on the consumption of meat products 
B)  is based solely on cattle and pigs 
C)  depends heavily on the blood and milk of their animals 
D)  is largely based on crops and foraging, with herding only contributing a small portion to the diet 
A)  is based primarily on the consumption of meat products 
B)  is based solely on cattle and pigs 
C)  depends heavily on the blood and milk of their animals 
D)  is largely based on crops and foraging, with herding only contributing a small portion to the diet

Question 6

Compare and contrast how foragers, pastoralists, and horticulturalists control population growth. Discuss the concept of carrying capacity as well as specific techniques used to manage fertility.

Accepted Answer

Foragers, pastoralists, and horticultura

Question 7

Compare and contrast horticulture and intensive agriculture in terms of how the environment is used to meet subsistence needs. Illustrate with cross-cultural examples.

Accepted Answer

Horticulture and intensive agriculture a

Question 8

What is meant by regional symbiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  the way that plants, animals, and humans learn to live in harmony 
B)  a type of language that was developed so that peoples from different chiefdoms could understand each other 
C)  the mutual dependence created when groups of people who live in different ecological habitats exchange their locally obtained products 
D)  the splitting and recombining of chiefdoms in a particular area 
A)  the way that plants, animals, and humans learn to live in harmony 
B)  a type of language that was developed so that peoples from different chiefdoms could understand each other 
C)  the mutual dependence created when groups of people who live in different ecological habitats exchange their locally obtained products 
D)  the splitting and recombining of chiefdoms in a particular area

Question 9

In order to understand population change and distribution, demographic anthropologists usually focus on which variables in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  resources, capital, and technology 
B)  fertility, mortality, and migration 
C)  language, race, and culture 
D)  social organization, technology, and ideology 
A)  resources, capital, and technology 
B)  fertility, mortality, and migration 
C)  language, race, and culture 
D)  social organization, technology, and ideology

Question 10

Discuss human cultural adaptations to different environments. What patterns have anthropologists noted in terms of human subsistence patterns? Give examples of how human subsistence needs and the natural environment intersect.

Accepted Answer

Human cultural adaptations to different

Question 11

The chiefdom societies in Tahiti enhanced their agricultural yield through __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  swidden agriculture 
B)  irrigation and land terracing 
C)  the plowing of large areas of land 
D)  animal husbandry 
A)  swidden agriculture 
B)  irrigation and land terracing 
C)  the plowing of large areas of land 
D)  animal husbandry

Question 12

Describe the environments occupied by foragers today. How do these compare to areas occupied by foragers in the distant past? What accounts for these changes?

Accepted Answer

Foragers today occupy a wide range of en

Question 13

The areas inhabited by most chiefdoms have been characterized by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an abundance of natural resources 
B)  unpredictable climates 
C)  scarce floral and faunal resources 
D)  marginal environmental conditions 
A)  an abundance of natural resources 
B)  unpredictable climates 
C)  scarce floral and faunal resources 
D)  marginal environmental conditions

Question 14

Which of the following would have the effect of lowering fertility?

Accepted Answer

A)  marriage at a younger age 
B)  sexual abstinence 
C)  weaning babies earlier 
D)  an earlier onset of menarche 
A)  marriage at a younger age 
B)  sexual abstinence 
C)  weaning babies earlier 
D)  an earlier onset of menarche

Question 15

Marginal environments often sustain hunting-and-gathering societies where agricultural societies cannot exist because __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the resource and energy demands of agricultural societies are low 
B)  foraging societies have lower resource and energy requirements 
C)  marginal environments have always sustained large populations of foragers 
D)  most agricultural societies have become industrialized 
A)  the resource and energy demands of agricultural societies are low 
B)  foraging societies have lower resource and energy requirements 
C)  marginal environments have always sustained large populations of foragers 
D)  most agricultural societies have become industrialized

Question 16

What do the terms "fission" and "fusion" refer to in hunting-and-gathering societies?

Accepted Answer

A)  hazards of contacts with the industrialized world 
B)  cyclical change in population density relative to resources 
C)  decision-making processes used by tribal leaders 
D)  the dynamics of wild plant resources 
A)  hazards of contacts with the industrialized world 
B)  cyclical change in population density relative to resources 
C)  decision-making processes used by tribal leaders 
D)  the dynamics of wild plant resources

Question 17

According to ethnographic studies, Australian Aboriginal hunter-gatherers spent four to five hours per day per person in gathering food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Hunting-and-gathering societies have always existed in marginal environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In contrast to Paleolithic hunting-and-gathering societies, contemporary band societies exist only in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  marginal environments 
B)  rich environments 
C)  tropical forests 
D)  deserts and savannas 
A)  marginal environments 
B)  rich environments 
C)  tropical forests 
D)  deserts and savannas

Question 20

Demographic anthropologists are interested in demonstrating how cultural systems modify the natural environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A biome is a cultural area where people behave in a predictable manner.

Why do anthropologists study demography? Illustrate with an example that shows how demographic analysis intersects with other areas of anthropological interest. Include a description of the quantitative demographic measures that would be relevant to the example you have chosen.

__________ are incentives for people to move from one society to another.

Why do foraging societies sometimes resort to infanticide?

Nuer subsistence, like that of many other pastoral peoples, __________.

Compare and contrast how foragers, pastoralists, and horticulturalists control population growth. Discuss the concept of carrying capacity as well as specific techniques used to manage fertility.

Compare and contrast horticulture and intensive agriculture in terms of how the environment is used to meet subsistence needs. Illustrate with cross-cultural examples.

What is meant by regional symbiosis?

In order to understand population change and distribution, demographic anthropologists usually focus on which variables in a population?

Discuss human cultural adaptations to different environments. What patterns have anthropologists noted in terms of human subsistence patterns? Give examples of how human subsistence needs and the natural environment intersect.

The chiefdom societies in Tahiti enhanced their agricultural yield through __________.

Describe the environments occupied by foragers today. How do these compare to areas occupied by foragers in the distant past? What accounts for these changes?

The areas inhabited by most chiefdoms have been characterized by __________.

Which of the following would have the effect of lowering fertility?

Marginal environments often sustain hunting-and-gathering societies where agricultural societies cannot exist because __________.

What do the terms "fission" and "fusion" refer to in hunting-and-gathering societies?

According to ethnographic studies, Australian Aboriginal hunter-gatherers spent four to five hours per day per person in gathering food.

Hunting-and-gathering societies have always existed in marginal environments.

In contrast to Paleolithic hunting-and-gathering societies, contemporary band societies exist only in __________.

Demographic anthropologists are interested in demonstrating how cultural systems modify the natural environment.

Introduction to Anthropology

Human Evolution

Culture

Psychological and Cognitive Anthropology

Language

Anthropological Explanations

Analyzing Sociocultural Systems

Technology and Economies

Social Structure, The Family, Gender, and Age

Politics, Warfare, and Law

Religion and Aesthetics

Globalization, Culture, and Indigenous Societies

Globalization in Latin America,Africa, and the Caribbean

Globalization in the Middle East and Asia

Ethnicity

Contemporary Global Trends

Applied Anthropology

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Exam 8: Environment, Subsistence, and Demography

A biome is a cultural area where people behave in a predictable manner.

Why do anthropologists study demography? Illustrate with an example that shows how demographic analysis intersects with other areas of anthropological interest. Include a description of the quantitative demographic measures that would be relevant to the example you have chosen.

__________ are incentives for people to move from one society to another.

Why do foraging societies sometimes resort to infanticide?

Nuer subsistence, like that of many other pastoral peoples, __________.

Compare and contrast how foragers, pastoralists, and horticulturalists control population growth. Discuss the concept of carrying capacity as well as specific techniques used to manage fertility.

Compare and contrast horticulture and intensive agriculture in terms of how the environment is used to meet subsistence needs. Illustrate with cross-cultural examples.

What is meant by regional symbiosis?

In order to understand population change and distribution, demographic anthropologists usually focus on which variables in a population?

Discuss human cultural adaptations to different environments. What patterns have anthropologists noted in terms of human subsistence patterns? Give examples of how human subsistence needs and the natural environment intersect.

The chiefdom societies in Tahiti enhanced their agricultural yield through __________.

Describe the environments occupied by foragers today. How do these compare to areas occupied by foragers in the distant past? What accounts for these changes?

The areas inhabited by most chiefdoms have been characterized by __________.

Which of the following would have the effect of lowering fertility?

Marginal environments often sustain hunting-and-gathering societies where agricultural societies cannot exist because __________.

What do the terms "fission" and "fusion" refer to in hunting-and-gathering societies?

According to ethnographic studies, Australian Aboriginal hunter-gatherers spent four to five hours per day per person in gathering food.

Hunting-and-gathering societies have always existed in marginal environments.

In contrast to Paleolithic hunting-and-gathering societies, contemporary band societies exist only in __________.

Demographic anthropologists are interested in demonstrating how cultural systems modify the natural environment.

Introduction to Anthropology

Human Evolution

Culture

Psychological and Cognitive Anthropology

Language

Anthropological Explanations

Analyzing Sociocultural Systems

Technology and Economies

Social Structure, The Family, Gender, and Age

Politics, Warfare, and Law

Religion and Aesthetics

Globalization, Culture, and Indigenous Societies

Globalization in Latin America,Africa, and the Caribbean

Globalization in the Middle East and Asia

Ethnicity

Contemporary Global Trends

Applied Anthropology

Filters