Exam 27: Kidney Disorders and Therapeutic Management

A patient with renal failure reports all of the following during the medical history.Which is most likely to have precipitated the patient's renal failure?

A patient who receives peritoneal dialysis is seen in the intensive care unit with a 3-day history of flulike symptoms,including muscle cramps and low blood pressure.Which complication of peritoneal dialysis is the most likely problem for this patient?

The patient is a gravida 6,para 1.She is admitted after a cesarean section after an amniotic embolus.Her heart rate (HR)is more than 150 beats/min with a systolic BP less than 80 mm Hg.Her temperature is 38°C,and her condition has caused her to develop prerenal azotemia.The patient was fluid resuscitated through a double-lumen catheter,which was placed into her right femoral access,and started on vasopressors with a fair response (BP,80/50 mm Hg; HR,122 beats/min).Because of her diagnosis and a concern regarding fulminating sepsis,the patient was begun on CVVH.Identify three complications of CVVH therapy.

A patient has sepsis and is placed on broad-spectrum antibiotics.Her temperature is 37.8°C.Her BUN level is elevated.She continues on vasopressor therapy.What other steps should be taken to protect the patient from inadequate organ perfusion?

Which of the following laboratory values is the most help in evaluating a patient for acute renal failure?

Which of the following medications is considered a loop diuretic?

To assess whether or not an arteriovenous fistula is functioning,what must be done and why?

A patient has been hospitalized for a subtotal gastrectomy.After the procedure,an infection developed that eventually had to be treated with gentamicin,an aminoglycoside antibiotic.After 3 days of administration,oliguria occurred,and subsequent laboratory values indicated elevated BUN and creatinine levels.The patient is transferred to the critical care unit with acute tubular necrosis.The fluid that is removed each hour is not called urine; it is known as

To prevent catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI),the nurse should

Which electrolytes pose the most potential hazard if not within normal limits for a person with renal failure?