Exam 10: Sedation,Agitation,Delirium: Assessment and Management

To achieve ventilator synchrony in a mechanically ventilated patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),which level of sedation might be most effective?

A 56-year-old patient is admitted to the critical care unit with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The patient has been intubated and is mechanically ventilated.The patient is becoming increasingly agitated,and the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator has been frequently triggered.After the patient's agitation is controlled,which of the following drugs would be most appropriate for long-term sedation?

A 56-year-old patient is admitted to the critical care unit with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The patient has been intubated and is mechanically ventilated.The patient is becoming increasingly agitated,and the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator has been frequently triggered.Despite the nurse's actions,the patient continues to be agitated,triggering the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator.Which of the following medications would be appropriate for sedation?

A 56-year-old patient is admitted to the critical care unit with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The patient has been intubated and is mechanically ventilated.The patient is becoming increasingly agitated,and the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator has been frequently triggered.The nurse's first intervention for this patient would be to

The two scales that are recommended for assessment of agitation and sedation in adult critically ill patients are the

Risk factors for delirium include

A patient was admitted into the critical care unit 3 days ago.She has just been weaned from mechanical ventilation.She suddenly becomes confused,seeing nonexistent animals in her room and pulling at her gown.Which of the following interventions are indicated to adequately monitor the patient during haloperidol use?

The major advantage of using propofol for short-term sedation is that it

A patient was admitted into the critical care unit 3 days ago.She has just been weaned from mechanical ventilation.She suddenly becomes confused,seeing nonexistent animals in her room and pulling at her gown.You suspect this patient is

A patient was admitted into the critical care unit 3 days ago.She has just been weaned from mechanical ventilation.She suddenly becomes confused,seeing nonexistent animals in her room and pulling at her gown.The drug of choice for treating this patient is

A 56-year-old patient is admitted to the critical care unit with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The patient has been intubated and is mechanically ventilated.The patient is becoming increasingly agitated,and the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator has been frequently triggered.The patient continues to be very agitated,and the nurse can find nothing physiologic to account for the high-pressure alarm.The next step should be to

A patient has been taking benzodiazepines and suddenly develops respiratory depression and hypotension.After careful assessment,the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing benzodiazepine overdose.What is the nurse's next step?

When administering propofol over an extended period,it is important to monitor which of the following?

Which benzodiazepine has a greater advantage for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS)because of its longer half-life and high lipid solubility?

For sedation and analgesia management of mechanically ventilated critical care patients,put the following steps in the appropriate order in which the nurse should perform them. 1)Using an accepted pain scale,assess the patient's level of pain,and if the patient is hemodynamically stable,medicate appropriately with morphine sulfate. 2)Assess the degree of agitation and anxiety with an appropriate sedation scale and select an appropriate medication treatment. 3)Attempt nonpharmacologic treatments; optimize the environment. 4)Reassess the level of sedation,agitation and anxiety,and pain minimally every 2 hours or as indicated per facility standards. 5)Rule out and correct reversible causes. 6)Assess the patient's level of comfort.

Which of the following complications can result from oversedation?

Causes of delirium in critically ill patients include

A major side effect of benzodiazepines is

The most common contributing factor to the development of delirium in critically ill patients is

Which of the following drugs is used for sedation in patients experiencing withdrawal syndrome?