Question 1

A tracheostomy patient is experiencing regurgitation of tube feeding formula.The nurse's first priority should be

Accepted Answer

A)  checking to make sure the tracheostomy cuff is inflated during tube feedings. 
B)  placing the patient in the right lateral decubitus position to promote gastric emptying. 
C)  discussing the use of metoclopramide to facilitate gastric motility with the physician. 
D)  placing the patient in prone position to improve draining from mouth. 
A)  checking to make sure the tracheostomy cuff is inflated during tube feedings. 
B)  placing the patient in the right lateral decubitus position to promote gastric emptying. 
C)  discussing the use of metoclopramide to facilitate gastric motility with the physician. 
D)  placing the patient in prone position to improve draining from mouth. A

Question 2

Proteins serve the function of

Accepted Answer

A)  maintaining osmotic pressure. 
B)  providing minerals in the body. 
C)  maintaining blood glucose. 
D)  providing a stored source of energy. 
A)  maintaining osmotic pressure. 
B)  providing minerals in the body. 
C)  maintaining blood glucose. 
D)  providing a stored source of energy. A

Question 3

Two types of protein-caloric malnutrition are kwashiorkor and marasmus.Kwashiorkor results in

Accepted Answer

A)  weight loss and muscle wasting. 
B)  low levels of serum proteins, low lymphocyte count, and hair loss. 
C)  elevated serum albumin and increased creatinine excretion in the urine. 
D)  hyperpigmentation and a hard, easily palpated liver margin. 
A)  weight loss and muscle wasting. 
B)  low levels of serum proteins, low lymphocyte count, and hair loss. 
C)  elevated serum albumin and increased creatinine excretion in the urine. 
D)  hyperpigmentation and a hard, easily palpated liver margin. B

Question 4

The patient is receiving corticosteroid treatment for neurologic alterations.The nurse should assess the patient for episodes of

Accepted Answer

A)  hyponatremia. 
B)  hyperalbuminemia. 
C)  hyperkalemia. 
D)  hyperglycemia. 
A)  hyponatremia. 
B)  hyperalbuminemia. 
C)  hyperkalemia. 
D)  hyperglycemia.

Question 5

A patient is admitted to the critical care unit with severe malnutrition as a result of hepatic failure.A triple-lumen central venous catheter is placed in the right subclavian vein,and TPN is started.On the third day of infusion,the patient develops symptoms of fever and chills.Which of the following complications should be suspected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Air embolism 
B)  Pneumothorax 
C)  Central venous thrombosis 
D)  Catheter-related sepsis 
A)  Air embolism 
B)  Pneumothorax 
C)  Central venous thrombosis 
D)  Catheter-related sepsis

Question 6

Which of the following signs would alert the nurse to possible nutritional alterations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Impaired wound healing 
B)  Edema 
C)  Nail growth 
D)  Muscle atrophy 
E)  diaphoresis 
A)  Impaired wound healing 
B)  Edema 
C)  Nail growth 
D)  Muscle atrophy 
E)  diaphoresis

Question 7

Which of the following nutritional interventions is a priority for the patient with renal disease who is receiving dialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase fluids to replace losses. 
B)  Encourage potassium-rich foods to replace losses. 
C)  Ensure an adequate amount of protein to prevent catabolism. 
D)  Limit all nutrients to account for altered renal excretion. 
A)  Increase fluids to replace losses. 
B)  Encourage potassium-rich foods to replace losses. 
C)  Ensure an adequate amount of protein to prevent catabolism. 
D)  Limit all nutrients to account for altered renal excretion.

Question 8

A primary nutritional intervention for hypertension is

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing carbohydrates. 
B)  limiting salt. 
C)  increasing protein. 
D)  increasing fluids. 
A)  decreasing carbohydrates. 
B)  limiting salt. 
C)  increasing protein. 
D)  increasing fluids.

Question 9

Prevention of pulmonary aspiration is best accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)  administering intermittent feedings. 
B)  adding thickening agents to the tube feeding solution. 
C)  suctioning the patient hourly. 
D)  elevating the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees. 
A)  administering intermittent feedings. 
B)  adding thickening agents to the tube feeding solution. 
C)  suctioning the patient hourly. 
D)  elevating the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees.

Question 10

A patient is admitted to the critical care unit with severe malnutrition as a result of hepatic failure.A triple-lumen central venous catheter is placed in the right subclavian vein,and TPN is started.For which of the following complications should the patient be evaluated immediately after insertion of the catheter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumothorax 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Central venous thrombosis 
D)  Pulmonary aspiration 
A)  Pneumothorax 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Central venous thrombosis 
D)  Pulmonary aspiration

Question 11

Diet therapy for a person with hypertension 1 day after a myocardial infarction would include

Accepted Answer

A)  three meals a day with two snacks. 
B)  a low-protein diet. 
C)  a low-salt, low-cholesterol diet. 
D)  a high-carbohydrate diet. 
A)  three meals a day with two snacks. 
B)  a low-protein diet. 
C)  a low-salt, low-cholesterol diet. 
D)  a high-carbohydrate diet.

Question 12

The nutritional alteration most frequently encountered in hospitalized patients is

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory quotient (RQ). 
B)  protein-calorie malnutrition. 
C)  fat-calorie malnutrition. 
D)  gluconeogenesis. 
A)  respiratory quotient (RQ). 
B)  protein-calorie malnutrition. 
C)  fat-calorie malnutrition. 
D)  gluconeogenesis.

Question 13

A patient is admitted to the critical care unit with severe malnutrition as a result of hepatic failure.A triple-lumen central venous catheter is placed in the right subclavian vein,and TPN is started.Which of the following dietary restrictions should be maintained for the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fat and magnesium 
B)  Protein and sodium 
C)  Carbohydrate and potassium 
D)  Protein and calcium 
A)  Fat and magnesium 
B)  Protein and sodium 
C)  Carbohydrate and potassium 
D)  Protein and calcium

Question 14

Obtaining height and weight measurements for the critically ill patient

Accepted Answer

A)  should be deferred until the medical condition stabilizes. 
B)  should be measured rather than obtained through patient or family report. 
C)  requires consistent weights in pounds. 
D)  requires weight, but height can be deferred. 
A)  should be deferred until the medical condition stabilizes. 
B)  should be measured rather than obtained through patient or family report. 
C)  requires consistent weights in pounds. 
D)  requires weight, but height can be deferred.

Question 15

A patient on mechanical ventilation is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN).Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive calorie intake can cause an increase in PaCO2. 
B)  The patient's head should remain elevated at 45 degrees to avoid aspiration. 
C)  Lipid intake should be maintained at greater than 2 g/kg/day. 
D)  TPN is preferred over the use of enteral feeding to avoid the complication of aspiration. 
A)  Excessive calorie intake can cause an increase in PaCO2. 
B)  The patient's head should remain elevated at 45 degrees to avoid aspiration. 
C)  Lipid intake should be maintained at greater than 2 g/kg/day. 
D)  TPN is preferred over the use of enteral feeding to avoid the complication of aspiration.

Question 16

The patient's feeding tube is occluded and cannot be flushed.The nurse knows that the best irrigant for feeding tube occlusion is

Accepted Answer

A)  cola. 
B)  pancreatic enzyme. 
C)  water. 
D)  juice. 
A)  cola. 
B)  pancreatic enzyme. 
C)  water. 
D)  juice.

Question 17

A person with a BMI of 28 would be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  obese. 
B)  overweight or pre-obese. 
C)  of normal weight. 
D)  underweight. 
A)  obese. 
B)  overweight or pre-obese. 
C)  of normal weight. 
D)  underweight.

Question 18

Patients with coronary artery disease should be taught about cholesterol.Which situation is most desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low levels of HDL cholesterol 
B)  Low levels of LDL cholesterol 
C)  Hypocholesterolemia 
D)  Low levels of both HDL and LDL cholesterol 
A)  Low levels of HDL cholesterol 
B)  Low levels of LDL cholesterol 
C)  Hypocholesterolemia 
D)  Low levels of both HDL and LDL cholesterol

Question 19

Which of the following medical interventions may be initiated with the onset of hyperglycemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discontinuing the infusion 
B)  Adding insulin to the TPN 
C)  Weaning from the TPN over a 6-hour period 
D)  Starting an infusion of 0.9% normal saline 
A)  Discontinuing the infusion 
B)  Adding insulin to the TPN 
C)  Weaning from the TPN over a 6-hour period 
D)  Starting an infusion of 0.9% normal saline

Question 20

Sodium and fluid restrictions ordered for the patient with heart failure are primarily aimed at reducing

Accepted Answer

A)  use of medications. 
B)  weight. 
C)  cardiac workload. 
D)  serum lipids. 
A)  use of medications. 
B)  weight. 
C)  cardiac workload. 
D)  serum lipids.

Exam 8: Nutrition Alterations and Management

A tracheostomy patient is experiencing regurgitation of tube feeding formula.The nurse's first priority should be

Proteins serve the function of

Two types of protein-caloric malnutrition are kwashiorkor and marasmus.Kwashiorkor results in

The patient is receiving corticosteroid treatment for neurologic alterations.The nurse should assess the patient for episodes of

Which of the following signs would alert the nurse to possible nutritional alterations?

Which of the following nutritional interventions is a priority for the patient with renal disease who is receiving dialysis?

A primary nutritional intervention for hypertension is

Prevention of pulmonary aspiration is best accomplished by

Diet therapy for a person with hypertension 1 day after a myocardial infarction would include

The nutritional alteration most frequently encountered in hospitalized patients is

A patient is admitted to the critical care unit with severe malnutrition as a result of hepatic failure.A triple-lumen central venous catheter is placed in the right subclavian vein,and TPN is started.Which of the following dietary restrictions should be maintained for the patient?

Obtaining height and weight measurements for the critically ill patient

A patient on mechanical ventilation is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN).Which of the following is true?

The patient's feeding tube is occluded and cannot be flushed.The nurse knows that the best irrigant for feeding tube occlusion is

A person with a BMI of 28 would be considered

Patients with coronary artery disease should be taught about cholesterol.Which situation is most desirable?

Which of the following medical interventions may be initiated with the onset of hyperglycemia?

Sodium and fluid restrictions ordered for the patient with heart failure are primarily aimed at reducing

Critical Care Nursing Practice

Ethical Issues

Legal Issues

Genetics and Genomics in Critical Care

Patient and Family Education

Psychosocial and Spiritual Alterations and Management

Sleep Alterations and Management

Pain and Pain Management

Sedation,Agitation,Delirium: Assessment and Management

End-Of-Life Issues

Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment

Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures

Cardiovascular Disorders

Cardiovascular Therapeutic Management

Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology

Pulmonary Clinical Assessment

Pulmonary Diagnostic Procedures

Pulmonary Disorders

Pulmonary Therapeutic Management

Neurologic Anatomy and Physiology

Neurologic Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Neurologic Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Kidney Anatomy and Physiology

Kidney Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Kidney Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology

Gastrointestinal Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Gastrointestinal Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology

Endocrine Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Endocrine Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Trauma

Shock,sepsis,and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Burns

Organ Donation and Transplantation

Hematologic Disorders and Oncologic Emergencies

The Obstetric Patient

The Pediatric Patient

The Older Adult Patient

The Perianesthesia Patient

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