Question 1

The function of bile is mainly to

Accepted Answer

A)  emulsify fat globules. 
B)  serve as a reservoir for bilirubin. 
C)  maintain triglyceride levels in the blood. 
D)  aid in detoxification of drugs in the liver. 
A)  emulsify fat globules. 
B)  serve as a reservoir for bilirubin. 
C)  maintain triglyceride levels in the blood. 
D)  aid in detoxification of drugs in the liver. A

Question 2

The liver receives nutrient-rich blood from the gut,pancreas,spleen,and stomach from the

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatic artery. 
B)  hepatic vein. 
C)  portal vein. 
D)  intralobular veins. 
A)  hepatic artery. 
B)  hepatic vein. 
C)  portal vein. 
D)  intralobular veins. C

Question 3

Which layer of the large intestine consists of longitudinal and circular muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serosa layer 
B)  Muscularis layer 
C)  Submucosa layer 
D)  Mucosa layer 
A)  Serosa layer 
B)  Muscularis layer 
C)  Submucosa layer 
D)  Mucosa layer B

Question 4

The intestinal hormone responsible for stimulating the pancreas to secrete fluid into the duodenum is

Accepted Answer

A)  secretin. 
B)  chyme. 
C)  gastrin. 
D)  pepsin. 
A)  secretin. 
B)  chyme. 
C)  gastrin. 
D)  pepsin.

Question 5

Food is propelled through the esophagus by

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity. 
B)  salivary fluids. 
C)  cardiac sphincter suction. 
D)  peristalsis. 
A)  gravity. 
B)  salivary fluids. 
C)  cardiac sphincter suction. 
D)  peristalsis.

Question 6

The role of the liver in response to glycogen is to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease blood sugar levels when insulin production is inadequate. 
B)  synthesize amino acids. 
C)  break down the glycogen to glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. 
D)  produce amino acids. 
A)  decrease blood sugar levels when insulin production is inadequate. 
B)  synthesize amino acids. 
C)  break down the glycogen to glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. 
D)  produce amino acids.

Question 7

Which component of gastric juice is necessary for the breakdown of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  HCl 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Intrinsic factor 
D)  Potassium 
A)  HCl 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Intrinsic factor 
D)  Potassium

Question 8

The gastrointestinal system plays a vital role in detoxification and elimination of

Accepted Answer

A)  viruses. 
B)  chemical toxins. 
C)  drugs. 
D)  bacteria. 
A)  viruses. 
B)  chemical toxins. 
C)  drugs. 
D)  bacteria.

Question 9

Which laboratory value is reflective of hepatocellular dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated blood glucose level 
B)  High levels of unconjugated bilirubin 
C)  Decreased prothrombin time 
D)  Decreased partial thromboplastin time 
A)  Elevated blood glucose level 
B)  High levels of unconjugated bilirubin 
C)  Decreased prothrombin time 
D)  Decreased partial thromboplastin time

Question 10

Liver failure may affect the synthesis of fibrinogen,resulting in

Accepted Answer

A)  jaundice. 
B)  fluid retention and ascites. 
C)  delayed clotting. 
D)  hepatomegaly. 
A)  jaundice. 
B)  fluid retention and ascites. 
C)  delayed clotting. 
D)  hepatomegaly.

Question 11

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system produces which of the following effects on the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased peristalsis 
B)  Increased secretion of watery saliva 
C)  Decreased colonic activity 
D)  Increased release of gastrointestinal hormones 
A)  Decreased peristalsis 
B)  Increased secretion of watery saliva 
C)  Decreased colonic activity 
D)  Increased release of gastrointestinal hormones

Question 12

The innermost layer of the stomach that allows for expansion and secretion of gastric juice is the

Accepted Answer

A)  serosa. 
B)  muscularis. 
C)  submucosa. 
D)  mucosa. 
A)  serosa. 
B)  muscularis. 
C)  submucosa. 
D)  mucosa.

Question 13

Which organ lies obliquely beneath the cardiac sphincter and above the pyloric sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Esophagus 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Duodenum 
D)  Ileum 
A)  Esophagus 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Duodenum 
D)  Ileum

Question 14

An important role of saliva is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  washes away bacteria. 
B)  provides the body's main source of potassium. 
C)  contains hydrochloric acid for breakdown of protein. 
D)  stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. 
A)  washes away bacteria. 
B)  provides the body's main source of potassium. 
C)  contains hydrochloric acid for breakdown of protein. 
D)  stimulates the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 15

Which of the following statements are correct regarding epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa?

Accepted Answer

A)  They prevent diffusion of hydrogen into the mucosa. 
B)  They secrete bicarbonate to neutralize hydrogen ions. 
C)  They have the ability to increase blood flow to facilitate removal of toxic metabolites. 
D)  They break down prostaglandins. 
A)  They prevent diffusion of hydrogen into the mucosa. 
B)  They secrete bicarbonate to neutralize hydrogen ions. 
C)  They have the ability to increase blood flow to facilitate removal of toxic metabolites. 
D)  They break down prostaglandins.

Question 16

What is the pH of gastric juices prior to being mixed with food?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 
B)  3.0 
C)  5.0 
D)  7.0 
A)  1.0 
B)  3.0 
C)  5.0 
D)  7.0

Question 17

The distal end of the stomach connecting the antrum to the duodenum is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  fundus. 
B)  body. 
C)  cardiac orifice. 
D)  pylorus. 
A)  fundus. 
B)  body. 
C)  cardiac orifice. 
D)  pylorus.

Question 18

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine properties.Which of the following are produced by the exocrine function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastrin 
B)  Trypsin 
C)  Amylase 
D)  Lipase 
A)  Gastrin 
B)  Trypsin 
C)  Amylase 
D)  Lipase

Question 19

When the ileum is distended,the ileogastric reflex inhibits

Accepted Answer

A)  gastric absorption. 
B)  absorption in the jejunum. 
C)  gastric motility. 
D)  ileum motility. 
A)  gastric absorption. 
B)  absorption in the jejunum. 
C)  gastric motility. 
D)  ileum motility.

Question 20

Bacteroides,Lactobacillus,and Clostridium organisms are commonly found in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach. 
B)  small intestine. 
C)  large intestine. 
D)  liver. 
A)  stomach. 
B)  small intestine. 
C)  large intestine. 
D)  liver.

Exam 28: Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology

The function of bile is mainly to

The liver receives nutrient-rich blood from the gut,pancreas,spleen,and stomach from the

Which layer of the large intestine consists of longitudinal and circular muscles?

The intestinal hormone responsible for stimulating the pancreas to secrete fluid into the duodenum is

Food is propelled through the esophagus by

The role of the liver in response to glycogen is to

Which component of gastric juice is necessary for the breakdown of proteins?

The gastrointestinal system plays a vital role in detoxification and elimination of

Which laboratory value is reflective of hepatocellular dysfunction?

Liver failure may affect the synthesis of fibrinogen,resulting in

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system produces which of the following effects on the gastrointestinal system?

The innermost layer of the stomach that allows for expansion and secretion of gastric juice is the

Which organ lies obliquely beneath the cardiac sphincter and above the pyloric sphincter?

An important role of saliva is that it

Which of the following statements are correct regarding epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa?

What is the pH of gastric juices prior to being mixed with food?

The distal end of the stomach connecting the antrum to the duodenum is known as the

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine properties.Which of the following are produced by the exocrine function?

When the ileum is distended,the ileogastric reflex inhibits

Bacteroides,Lactobacillus,and Clostridium organisms are commonly found in the:

Critical Care Nursing Practice

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Genetics and Genomics in Critical Care

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Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment

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Cardiovascular Disorders

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Pulmonary Clinical Assessment

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Pulmonary Therapeutic Management

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Kidney Anatomy and Physiology

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Gastrointestinal Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology

Endocrine Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

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