Question 1

What is the rationale for careful intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid retention occurs with tachypnea. 
B)  Hemodilution may cause deleterious hypernatremia. 
C)  Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure. 
D)  Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration and hypovolemic shock. 
A)  Fluid retention occurs with tachypnea. 
B)  Hemodilution may cause deleterious hypernatremia. 
C)  Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure. 
D)  Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration and hypovolemic shock.

Question 2

Most of the energy produced from carbohydrate metabolism is used to form what substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Galactose 
B)  Glycogen 
C)  Adenosine triphosphate 
D)  Antibodies 
A)  Galactose 
B)  Glycogen 
C)  Adenosine triphosphate 
D)  Antibodies

Question 3

An effect of malnutrition on respiratory function is

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased surfactant. 
B)  increased vital capacity. 
C)  decreased PaCO2. 
D)  tachypnea. 
A)  decreased surfactant. 
B)  increased vital capacity. 
C)  decreased PaCO2. 
D)  tachypnea.

Question 4

The patient history plays an important role in assessing the patient's nutritional status.Significant laboratory and clinical findings in the patient with cardiovascular disease include

Accepted Answer

A)  low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and transferrin. 
B)  elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decreased subcutaneous fat. 
C)  elevated sodium levels and a soft, fatty liver on palpation. 
D)  normal triglyceride levels and the presence of S3 on auscultation. 
A)  low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and transferrin. 
B)  elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decreased subcutaneous fat. 
C)  elevated sodium levels and a soft, fatty liver on palpation. 
D)  normal triglyceride levels and the presence of S3 on auscultation.

Question 5

A patient has a new order for intermittent nasogastric feedings every 4 hours.The nasogastric tube is placed by the nurse.The best method for confirming the placement of the tube before feeding would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  obtain radiography of the abdomen. 
B)  check the pH of fluid aspirated from the tube. 
C)  auscultate the left upper quadrant of the abdomen while injecting air into the tube. 
D)  auscultate the right upper quadrant of the abdomen while injecting air into the tube. 
A)  obtain radiography of the abdomen. 
B)  check the pH of fluid aspirated from the tube. 
C)  auscultate the left upper quadrant of the abdomen while injecting air into the tube. 
D)  auscultate the right upper quadrant of the abdomen while injecting air into the tube.

Question 6

A patient was admitted with ESRD and on hemodialysis.Which of the following elements should be restricted?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid 
B)  Protein 
C)  Carbohydrates 
D)  Fats 
E)  Phosphorus 
A)  Fluid 
B)  Protein 
C)  Carbohydrates 
D)  Fats 
E)  Phosphorus

Question 7

A patient who has sustained a head injury has increased nutritional needs related to the

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in metabolism as a result of coma. 
B)  decrease in blood sugar from a lack of dietary supplementation. 
C)  anabolism and wound healing. 
D)  hypermetabolism and catabolism associated with the injury. 
A)  decrease in metabolism as a result of coma. 
B)  decrease in blood sugar from a lack of dietary supplementation. 
C)  anabolism and wound healing. 
D)  hypermetabolism and catabolism associated with the injury.

Question 8

A patient is mechanically ventilated and is receiving enteral nutrition via a nasogastric tube.To help ensure feeding tolerance,the nurse checks residual volumes every 4 hours.During a residual check later in the shift,the nurse aspirates a total residual volume of 350 mL.The nurse will

Accepted Answer

A)  stop the tube feeding, wait 1 hour, and recheck the residual. 
B)  discontinue the feeding tube and tube feeding and call the physician for TPN orders. 
C)  continue the tube feeding, if no other gastrointestinal symptoms exist, and reassess the patient with the next residual check. 
D)  continue the tube feeding and place the patient in the left lateral decubitus position to facilitate gastric emptying. 
A)  stop the tube feeding, wait 1 hour, and recheck the residual. 
B)  discontinue the feeding tube and tube feeding and call the physician for TPN orders. 
C)  continue the tube feeding, if no other gastrointestinal symptoms exist, and reassess the patient with the next residual check. 
D)  continue the tube feeding and place the patient in the left lateral decubitus position to facilitate gastric emptying.

Question 9

The loss of exocrine function of pancreatitis results in

Accepted Answer

A)  anorexia. 
B)  obesity. 
C)  malabsorption. 
D)  hyperglycemia. 
A)  anorexia. 
B)  obesity. 
C)  malabsorption. 
D)  hyperglycemia.

Question 10

A patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus is to be started on enteral tube feeding.What type of formula would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whole proteins and glucose polymers 
B)  Concentrated in calories 
C)  Low sodium 
D)  High fat, low carbohydrate 
A)  Whole proteins and glucose polymers 
B)  Concentrated in calories 
C)  Low sodium 
D)  High fat, low carbohydrate

Exam 8: Nutrition Alterations and Management

What is the rationale for careful intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations?

Most of the energy produced from carbohydrate metabolism is used to form what substance?

An effect of malnutrition on respiratory function is

The patient history plays an important role in assessing the patient's nutritional status.Significant laboratory and clinical findings in the patient with cardiovascular disease include

A patient has a new order for intermittent nasogastric feedings every 4 hours.The nasogastric tube is placed by the nurse.The best method for confirming the placement of the tube before feeding would be to

A patient was admitted with ESRD and on hemodialysis.Which of the following elements should be restricted?

A patient who has sustained a head injury has increased nutritional needs related to the

A patient is mechanically ventilated and is receiving enteral nutrition via a nasogastric tube.To help ensure feeding tolerance,the nurse checks residual volumes every 4 hours.During a residual check later in the shift,the nurse aspirates a total residual volume of 350 mL.The nurse will

The loss of exocrine function of pancreatitis results in

A patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus is to be started on enteral tube feeding.What type of formula would be most appropriate?

Critical Care Nursing Practice

Ethical Issues

Legal Issues

Genetics and Genomics in Critical Care

Patient and Family Education

Psychosocial and Spiritual Alterations and Management

Sleep Alterations and Management

Pain and Pain Management

Sedation,Agitation,Delirium: Assessment and Management

End-Of-Life Issues

Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment

Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures

Cardiovascular Disorders

Cardiovascular Therapeutic Management

Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology

Pulmonary Clinical Assessment

Pulmonary Diagnostic Procedures

Pulmonary Disorders

Pulmonary Therapeutic Management

Neurologic Anatomy and Physiology

Neurologic Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Neurologic Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Kidney Anatomy and Physiology

Kidney Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Kidney Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology

Gastrointestinal Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Gastrointestinal Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology

Endocrine Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Endocrine Disorders and Therapeutic Management

Trauma

Shock,sepsis,and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Burns

Organ Donation and Transplantation

Hematologic Disorders and Oncologic Emergencies

The Obstetric Patient

The Pediatric Patient

The Older Adult Patient

The Perianesthesia Patient

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