Question 1

Mechanical ventilation strategies to manage acute respiratory distress syndrome should include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Permissive hypercapnia 
B) Plateau pressures less than 40 cm H₂O 
C) Tidal volumes 6 mL/kg 
D) Permissive hypoxemia 
A) Permissive hypercapnia 
B) Plateau pressures less than 40 cm H₂O 
C) Tidal volumes 6 mL/kg 
D) Permissive hypoxemia B

Question 2

There is no definitive treatment or set Course of action for acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

What diagnostic tests need to be performed to determine the presence of pneumonia
I.Chest radiograph
II.Sputum sample
III.Blood cultures
IV.Complete blood Count
V.Bronchoalveolar lavage
VI.Pulmonary function test

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, and V 
B) II, III, IV, and V 
C) I, IV, V, and VI 
D) I, II, III, IV, and VI 
A) I, II, III, and V 
B) II, III, IV, and V 
C) I, IV, V, and VI 
D) I, II, III, IV, and VI A

Question 4

What Common diagnostic testing can be used to diagnose bronchiolitis
I.Chest radiograph
II.CT scan
III.MRI
IV.Sputum culture
V.Respiratory syncytial virus test

Accepted Answer

A) II and V 
B) III and IV 
C) I and III 
D) I and V 
A) II and V 
B) III and IV 
C) I and III 
D) I and V

Question 5

The goals of mechanical ventilation in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome include which of the following
I.Reduce work of breathing.
II.Increase alveolar recruitment.
III.Minimize barotrauma.
IV.Reduce metabolic demand.
V.Reverse hypoxemia and hypercarbia.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, and IV 
B) II, III, IV, and V 
C) I, II, III, IV, and V 
D) I, III, IV, and V 
A) I, II, and IV 
B) II, III, IV, and V 
C) I, II, III, IV, and V 
D) I, III, IV, and V

Question 6

When should Ribavirin be Considered
I.Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis
II.Congenital immunodeficiency
III.Inpatients admitted to hospital with bronchiolitis
IV.Routine protoCol as part of respiratory management of bronchiolitis
V.Bone marrow transplant
VI.Acute lung disease

Accepted Answer

A) II, III, and V 
B) I, IV, and VI 
C) I, II, and V 
D) III, IV, V, and VI 
A) II, III, and V 
B) I, IV, and VI 
C) I, II, and V 
D) III, IV, V, and VI

Question 7

What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia
I.Chills
II.Lethargy
III.Loss of appetite
IV.Wheezing in the bases
V.Shortness of breath
VI.Cough with thick secretions
VII.Fever greater than 38.5°C

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, IV, and V 
B) I, III, V, VI, and VII 
C) I, III, V, and VII 
D) II, IV, VI, and VII 
A) I, II, IV, and V 
B) I, III, V, VI, and VII 
C) I, III, V, and VII 
D) II, IV, VI, and VII

Question 8

What viral pathogen acCounts for 50% to 80% of all bronchiolitis cases

Accepted Answer

A) Influenza type B 
B) Rhinovirus 
C) Parainfluenza 1 and 2 
D) Adenovirus types 1 and 2 
E) Respiratory syncytial virus F.Human metapneumovirus 
A) Influenza type B 
B) Rhinovirus 
C) Parainfluenza 1 and 2 
D) Adenovirus types 1 and 2 
E) Respiratory syncytial virus F.Human metapneumovirus

Question 9

Antibiotic regiments should be given as routine therapy for viral bronchiolitis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the best way to initially evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory pressure during bi-level positive airway pressure

Accepted Answer

A) Patient can activate or trigger the pressure. 
B) Good chest wall excursion 
C) Arterial blood gas values 
D) Patient appears in no distress and is resting Comfortably. 
A) Patient can activate or trigger the pressure. 
B) Good chest wall excursion 
C) Arterial blood gas values 
D) Patient appears in no distress and is resting Comfortably.

Question 11

Findings that suggest a patient has acute respiratory distress syndrome include a PaO₂/FiO₂ of:

Accepted Answer

A) PaO₂/FiO₂ less than 200 
B) PaO₂/FiO₂ less than 300 
C) PaO₂/FiO₂ greater than 200 
D) PaO₂/FiO₂ greater than 300 
A) PaO₂/FiO₂ less than 200 
B) PaO₂/FiO₂ less than 300 
C) PaO₂/FiO₂ greater than 200 
D) PaO₂/FiO₂ greater than 300

Question 12

Benefits of airway pressure release ventilation include which of the following
I.Improved alveolar recruitment
II.Improvement in oxygenation
III.Decrease risk of ventilator-induced lung injury
IV.Ability to set higher inflating pressures
V.Facilitates spontaneous breathing

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV, and V 
B) I, II, III, and V 
C) I, III, and IV 
D) II, III, IV, and V 
A) I, II, III, IV, and V 
B) I, II, III, and V 
C) I, III, and IV 
D) II, III, IV, and V

Question 13

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation settings include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Mean airway pressure 
B) ΔP 
C) FiO₂ 
D) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 
E) Hertz 
A) Mean airway pressure 
B) ΔP 
C) FiO₂ 
D) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 
E) Hertz

Question 14

What are some ways to increase mean airway pressure while on invasive ventilation
I.Decrease tidal volume.
II.Increase peak inspiratory pressure.
III.Decrease I-time.
IV.Increase positive end-expiratory pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) I and III 
B) I and IV 
C) II and III 
D) II and IV 
A) I and III 
B) I and IV 
C) II and III 
D) II and IV

Question 15

What are the clinical symptoms used to measure the severity of bronchiolitis
I.Respiratory rate
II.Heart rate
III.Hypoxemia
IV.Accessory muscle use
V.Work of breathing
VI.Breath sounds

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, and V 
B) II, IV, and VI 
C) III, V, and VI 
D) I, II, and IV 
A) I, III, and V 
B) II, IV, and VI 
C) III, V, and VI 
D) I, II, and IV

Question 16

What are the benefits of using pressure-regulated volume Control in the management of a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome
I.Lower peak inspiratory pressure using decelerating flow pattern of pressure ventilation
II.Higher peak inspiratory pressure using decelerating flow pattern of pressure ventilation
III.Guarantees a Consistent minute ventilation
IV.Minute ventilation varies.

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) I and IV 
C) I and III 
D) II and III 
A) II and IV 
B) I and IV 
C) I and III 
D) II and III

Question 17

Pneumonia is often classified into which of the following four categories
I.Aspiration pneumonia
II.Severe acute respiratory syndrome
III.Hospital-acquired pneumonia
IV.Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia
V.ImmunoCompromised pneumonia
VI.Community-acquired pneumonia

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, IV, and V 
B) II, IV, V, and VI 
C) II, III, IV, and VI 
D) I, III, V, and VI 
A) I, III, IV, and V 
B) II, IV, V, and VI 
C) II, III, IV, and VI 
D) I, III, V, and VI

Question 18

Which of the following are factors associated with an increased risk of Contracting pneumonia
I.Smoking
II.Exposure to chemicals or pollutants
III.Ethnicity
IV.Female gender
V.Individuals who live alone
VI.Mature immune system
VII.Surgery

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, and III 
B) I, VI, and VII 
C) II, IV, and V 
D) III, IV, and VII 
A) I, II, and III 
B) I, VI, and VII 
C) II, IV, and V 
D) III, IV, and VII

Question 19

What drug group decreases the length of a hospitalization stay for a patient with bacterial pneumonia

Accepted Answer

A) Bronchodilators 
B) Antibiotics 
C) CortiCosteroids 
D) Xanthines 
A) Bronchodilators 
B) Antibiotics 
C) CortiCosteroids 
D) Xanthines

Question 20

All of the following direct lung injuries can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome except:

Accepted Answer

A) Aspiration of gastric Contents 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Near drowning 
D) Inhalational injuries 
E) Pulmonary edema 
A) Aspiration of gastric Contents 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Near drowning 
D) Inhalational injuries 
E) Pulmonary edema

Mechanical ventilation strategies to manage acute respiratory distress syndrome should include all of the following except:

There is no definitive treatment or set Course of action for acute respiratory distress syndrome.

What diagnostic tests need to be performed to determine the presence of pneumonia I.Chest radiograph II.Sputum sample III.Blood cultures IV.Complete blood Count V.Bronchoalveolar lavage VI.Pulmonary function test

What Common diagnostic testing can be used to diagnose bronchiolitis I.Chest radiograph II.CT scan III.MRI IV.Sputum culture V.Respiratory syncytial virus test

The goals of mechanical ventilation in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome include which of the following I.Reduce work of breathing. II.Increase alveolar recruitment. III.Minimize barotrauma. IV.Reduce metabolic demand. V.Reverse hypoxemia and hypercarbia.

When should Ribavirin be Considered I.Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis II.Congenital immunodeficiency III.Inpatients admitted to hospital with bronchiolitis IV.Routine protoCol as part of respiratory management of bronchiolitis V.Bone marrow transplant VI.Acute lung disease

What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia I.Chills II.Lethargy III.Loss of appetite IV.Wheezing in the bases V.Shortness of breath VI.Cough with thick secretions VII.Fever greater than 38.5°C

What viral pathogen acCounts for 50% to 80% of all bronchiolitis cases

Antibiotic regiments should be given as routine therapy for viral bronchiolitis.

What is the best way to initially evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory pressure during bi-level positive airway pressure

Findings that suggest a patient has acute respiratory distress syndrome include a PaO₂/FiO₂ of:

Benefits of airway pressure release ventilation include which of the following I.Improved alveolar recruitment II.Improvement in oxygenation III.Decrease risk of ventilator-induced lung injury IV.Ability to set higher inflating pressures V.Facilitates spontaneous breathing

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation settings include all of the following except:

What are some ways to increase mean airway pressure while on invasive ventilation I.Decrease tidal volume. II.Increase peak inspiratory pressure. III.Decrease I-time. IV.Increase positive end-expiratory pressure.

What are the clinical symptoms used to measure the severity of bronchiolitis I.Respiratory rate II.Heart rate III.Hypoxemia IV.Accessory muscle use V.Work of breathing VI.Breath sounds

Pneumonia is often classified into which of the following four categories I.Aspiration pneumonia II.Severe acute respiratory syndrome III.Hospital-acquired pneumonia IV.Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia V.ImmunoCompromised pneumonia VI.Community-acquired pneumonia

Which of the following are factors associated with an increased risk of Contracting pneumonia I.Smoking II.Exposure to chemicals or pollutants III.Ethnicity IV.Female gender V.Individuals who live alone VI.Mature immune system VII.Surgery

What drug group decreases the length of a hospitalization stay for a patient with bacterial pneumonia

All of the following direct lung injuries can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome except:

Making Sense of Caring for Kids: a Different Approach to Respiratory Care

Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development

Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Disease of Full-Term Infants

Common Neonatal Complications: Pulmonary Complications

Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem Complications

Abdominal Defects

Airway Abnormalities

Acyanotic Heart Defects

Cyanotic Heart Defects

Asthma

Pediatric Disease With Respiratory Implications

Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases

Neuromuscular Disorders

Pediatric Diseases With Respiratory Implications

Neurological Accidents

Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Palliative and End of Life Care

Filters

Exam 15: Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases

Mechanical ventilation strategies to manage acute respiratory distress syndrome should include all of the following except:

There is no definitive treatment or set Course of action for acute respiratory distress syndrome.

What diagnostic tests need to be performed to determine the presence of pneumonia I.Chest radiograph II.Sputum sample III.Blood cultures IV.Complete blood Count V.Bronchoalveolar lavage VI.Pulmonary function test

What Common diagnostic testing can be used to diagnose bronchiolitis I.Chest radiograph II.CT scan III.MRI IV.Sputum culture V.Respiratory syncytial virus test

The goals of mechanical ventilation in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome include which of the following I.Reduce work of breathing. II.Increase alveolar recruitment. III.Minimize barotrauma. IV.Reduce metabolic demand. V.Reverse hypoxemia and hypercarbia.

When should Ribavirin be Considered I.Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis II.Congenital immunodeficiency III.Inpatients admitted to hospital with bronchiolitis IV.Routine protoCol as part of respiratory management of bronchiolitis V.Bone marrow transplant VI.Acute lung disease

What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia I.Chills II.Lethargy III.Loss of appetite IV.Wheezing in the bases V.Shortness of breath VI.Cough with thick secretions VII.Fever greater than 38.5°C

What viral pathogen acCounts for 50% to 80% of all bronchiolitis cases

Antibiotic regiments should be given as routine therapy for viral bronchiolitis.

What is the best way to initially evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory pressure during bi-level positive airway pressure

Findings that suggest a patient has acute respiratory distress syndrome include a PaO₂/FiO₂ of:

Benefits of airway pressure release ventilation include which of the following I.Improved alveolar recruitment II.Improvement in oxygenation III.Decrease risk of ventilator-induced lung injury IV.Ability to set higher inflating pressures V.Facilitates spontaneous breathing

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation settings include all of the following except:

What are some ways to increase mean airway pressure while on invasive ventilation I.Decrease tidal volume. II.Increase peak inspiratory pressure. III.Decrease I-time. IV.Increase positive end-expiratory pressure.

What are the clinical symptoms used to measure the severity of bronchiolitis I.Respiratory rate II.Heart rate III.Hypoxemia IV.Accessory muscle use V.Work of breathing VI.Breath sounds

Pneumonia is often classified into which of the following four categories I.Aspiration pneumonia II.Severe acute respiratory syndrome III.Hospital-acquired pneumonia IV.Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia V.ImmunoCompromised pneumonia VI.Community-acquired pneumonia

Which of the following are factors associated with an increased risk of Contracting pneumonia I.Smoking II.Exposure to chemicals or pollutants III.Ethnicity IV.Female gender V.Individuals who live alone VI.Mature immune system VII.Surgery

What drug group decreases the length of a hospitalization stay for a patient with bacterial pneumonia

All of the following direct lung injuries can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome except:

Making Sense of Caring for Kids: a Different Approach to Respiratory Care

Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development

Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Disease of Full-Term Infants

Common Neonatal Complications: Pulmonary Complications

Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem Complications

Abdominal Defects

Airway Abnormalities

Acyanotic Heart Defects

Cyanotic Heart Defects

Asthma

Pediatric Disease With Respiratory Implications

Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases

Neuromuscular Disorders

Pediatric Diseases With Respiratory Implications

Neurological Accidents

Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Palliative and End of Life Care

Filters