Question 1

Higher surface tension improves lung Compliance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

What measuring tool for due date estimation is effective at young gestational age as a result of size variability being minimal

Accepted Answer

A) Biparietal diameter 
B) Crown-rump 
C) Transverse diameter of the head 
D) Head circumference 
A) Biparietal diameter 
B) Crown-rump 
C) Transverse diameter of the head 
D) Head circumference B

Question 3

Despite increased knowledge and preventative care, what percent of all preterm births are unexplained and spontaneous

Accepted Answer

A) 20% 
B) 25% 
C) 30% 
D) 35% 
A) 20% 
B) 25% 
C) 30% 
D) 35% C

Question 4

At the end of which phase does mature surfactant begin to appear, so that the neonate is at minimal risk of pulmonary Complications

Accepted Answer

A) Alveolar phase 
B) Saccular phase 
C) Canalicular phase 
D) Pseudoglandular phase 
A) Alveolar phase 
B) Saccular phase 
C) Canalicular phase 
D) Pseudoglandular phase

Question 5

In fetal circulation, the ______atrium is at higher pressure than the ______ atrium.

Accepted Answer

A) left/right 
B) right/left 
A) left/right 
B) right/left

Question 6

Which lung profile test is Considered a simple, rapid test that is widely used and requires a low level of expertise and a small volume (1 mL) of amniotic fluid

Accepted Answer

A) Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio 
B) Shake test 
C) Phosphatidylcholine (PG) presence 
D) Surfactant-albumin (S/
A)  ratio 
A) Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio 
B) Shake test 
C) Phosphatidylcholine (PG) presence 
D) Surfactant-albumin (S/
A)  ratio

Question 7

The alveolar phase is Considered to end at about the first or seCond year of life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The cerebrum Controls all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Consciousness and higher mental thinking 
B) Reasoning and judgment 
C) Involuntary muscular activities and learning 
D) Emotions and intelligence 
A) Consciousness and higher mental thinking 
B) Reasoning and judgment 
C) Involuntary muscular activities and learning 
D) Emotions and intelligence

Question 9

What percentage of live births occurs before the 37-week gestation period

Accepted Answer

A) 10% 
B) 15% 
C) 12% 
D) 18% 
A) 10% 
B) 15% 
C) 12% 
D) 18%

Question 10

Which of the following statements is not true about the germinal matrix

Accepted Answer

A) The germinal matrix is a weakly supported and highly vascularized area at the surface of the lateral ventricles that is prone to hypoxic-ischemic injury. 
B) The germinal matrix is irregular and prone to rupture. 
C) The germinal matrix leads to a low incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature neonates. 
D) An increase in systemic blood pressure in a premature infant will increase cerebral blood flow. 
A) The germinal matrix is a weakly supported and highly vascularized area at the surface of the lateral ventricles that is prone to hypoxic-ischemic injury. 
B) The germinal matrix is irregular and prone to rupture. 
C) The germinal matrix leads to a low incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature neonates. 
D) An increase in systemic blood pressure in a premature infant will increase cerebral blood flow.

Question 11

During the first appearance of pulmonary surfactant, type 1 cells also appear.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Fetal lung fluid Composition Consists of which of the following

Accepted Answer

A) Very high pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, lower sodium and high chloride Concentrations 
B) Very low pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, higher sodium and high chloride Concentrations 
C) Very low pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, lower sodium and low chloride Concentrations 
D) Very high pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, high sodium and low chloride Concentrations 
A) Very high pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, lower sodium and high chloride Concentrations 
B) Very low pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, higher sodium and high chloride Concentrations 
C) Very low pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, lower sodium and low chloride Concentrations 
D) Very high pH, low bicarbonate and protein levels, high sodium and low chloride Concentrations

Question 13

During which gestational phase have the airways begun to branch to approximately four generations

Accepted Answer

A) Embryonic phase 
B) Saccular phase 
C) Pseudoglandular phase 
D) Canalicular phase 
A) Embryonic phase 
B) Saccular phase 
C) Pseudoglandular phase 
D) Canalicular phase

Question 14

What simple test utilizes a sample of amniotic fluid Combined with ethanol to determine lung maturity

Accepted Answer

A) Surfactant-albumin ratio (S/
A)  
B) Lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio (L/S) 
C) TDx Fetal Lung Maturity test 
D) Foam test 
A) Surfactant-albumin ratio (S/
A)  
B) Lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio (L/S) 
C) TDx Fetal Lung Maturity test 
D) Foam test

Question 15

During which lung development stage do the right and left lung buds arise from the esophagus

Accepted Answer

A) Canalicular phase 
B) Pseudoglandular phase 
C) Saccular phase 
D) Embryonic phase 
A) Canalicular phase 
B) Pseudoglandular phase 
C) Saccular phase 
D) Embryonic phase

Question 16

Which lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio designates lung maturity

Accepted Answer

A) 2:1; 5% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
B) 1:1; 1% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
C) 2:1; 2% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
D) 1.5:1.5; 1% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
A) 2:1; 5% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
B) 1:1; 1% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
C) 2:1; 2% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered 
D) 1.5:1.5; 1% chance to develop respiratory distress syndrome if delivered

Question 17

The foramen ovale Connects the:

Accepted Answer

A) Right ventricle to the left ventricle 
B) Right atrium to the left ventricle, 
C) Right atrium to the left atrium 
D) Right atrium to the left ventricle. 
A) Right ventricle to the left ventricle 
B) Right atrium to the left ventricle, 
C) Right atrium to the left atrium 
D) Right atrium to the left ventricle.

Question 18

During fetal development, what structure allows circulation to bypass the lungs

Accepted Answer

A) Septum primum 
B) Ductus venosus 
C) Ductus arteriosus 
D) Foramen ovale 
A) Septum primum 
B) Ductus venosus 
C) Ductus arteriosus 
D) Foramen ovale

Question 19

During which lung development phase does phosphatidylglycerol (PG) first appear

Accepted Answer

A) Saccular phase 
B) Pseudoglandular phase 
C) Canalicular phase 
D) Alveolar phase 
A) Saccular phase 
B) Pseudoglandular phase 
C) Canalicular phase 
D) Alveolar phase

Question 20

What structure vasoConstricts after the umbilical Cord is clamped

Accepted Answer

A) Ductus arteriosus 
B) Ligamentum venosum 
C) Foramen ovale 
D) Ductus venosus 
A) Ductus arteriosus 
B) Ligamentum venosum 
C) Foramen ovale 
D) Ductus venosus

Exam 2: Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development

Higher surface tension improves lung Compliance.

What measuring tool for due date estimation is effective at young gestational age as a result of size variability being minimal

Despite increased knowledge and preventative care, what percent of all preterm births are unexplained and spontaneous

At the end of which phase does mature surfactant begin to appear, so that the neonate is at minimal risk of pulmonary Complications

In fetal circulation, the ______atrium is at higher pressure than the ______ atrium.

Which lung profile test is Considered a simple, rapid test that is widely used and requires a low level of expertise and a small volume (1 mL) of amniotic fluid

The alveolar phase is Considered to end at about the first or seCond year of life.

The cerebrum Controls all of the following except:

What percentage of live births occurs before the 37-week gestation period

Which of the following statements is not true about the germinal matrix

During the first appearance of pulmonary surfactant, type 1 cells also appear.

Fetal lung fluid Composition Consists of which of the following

During which gestational phase have the airways begun to branch to approximately four generations

What simple test utilizes a sample of amniotic fluid Combined with ethanol to determine lung maturity

During which lung development stage do the right and left lung buds arise from the esophagus

Which lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio designates lung maturity

The foramen ovale Connects the:

During fetal development, what structure allows circulation to bypass the lungs

During which lung development phase does phosphatidylglycerol (PG) first appear

What structure vasoConstricts after the umbilical Cord is clamped

Making Sense of Caring for Kids: a Different Approach to Respiratory Care

Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Disease of Full-Term Infants

Common Neonatal Complications: Pulmonary Complications

Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem Complications

Abdominal Defects

Airway Abnormalities

Acyanotic Heart Defects

Cyanotic Heart Defects

Asthma

Pediatric Disease With Respiratory Implications

Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases

Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases

Neuromuscular Disorders

Pediatric Diseases With Respiratory Implications

Neurological Accidents

Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Palliative and End of Life Care

Filters

In fetal circulation, the atrium is at higher pressure than the atrium.