Question 1

Children whose asthma symptoms occur before 3 years of age are more likely to develop loss of lung function than those whose symptoms begin later in life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

What is Considered a weak bronchodilator that reduces respiratory muscle fatigue
I.Caffeine
II.Racemic epinephrine
III.Methylxanthines
IV.Anticholinergics

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) I and III 
C) I and II 
D) II and III 
A) II and IV 
B) I and III 
C) I and II 
D) II and III B

Question 3

Status asthmaticus responds to what therapy initially?
A.Albuterol
B.Flonase
C.Xopenex
D.Flovent diskus
E.Maxair
F.Leukotriene modifiers
G.None of the above

Accepted Answer

G

Question 4

Management of asthma includes which of the following
I.Controlling asthma triggers
II.Educating patient
III.Lifestyle changes
IV.Drug maintenance plan
V.Designing an asthma action plan

Accepted Answer

A) I, IV, and V 
B) I, III, IV, and V 
C) I, II, III, IV, and V 
D) I, II, and III 
A) I, IV, and V 
B) I, III, IV, and V 
C) I, II, III, IV, and V 
D) I, II, and III

Question 5

Which of the following cells are chemical mediators that produce an immediate hypersensitivity response
I.Mast cells
II.Dendritic cells
III.Histamine
IV.Leukotrienes
V.Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, and III 
B) II, IV, and V 
C) I, II, and IV 
D) III, IV, and V 
A) I, II, and III 
B) II, IV, and V 
C) I, II, and IV 
D) III, IV, and V

Question 6

What are the reCommendations for mechanical ventilation during status asthmaticus, regardless of the mode of ventilation
I.Long I-times
II.Short E-times
III.I-time:E-time ratio initially 1:2 or 1:3
IV.Begin with FiO₂ 1.0
V.Begin with a high respiratory rate and wean as tolerated
VI.Avoid a high respiratory rate to allow time for exhalation

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, IV, and VI 
B) III, IV, and VI 
C) II, III, IV, and V 
D) I, III, and V 
A) I, III, IV, and VI 
B) III, IV, and VI 
C) II, III, IV, and V 
D) I, III, and V

Question 7

How long does it take for a short-acting beta agonist to show its effectiveness

Accepted Answer

A) 4-8 hours 
B) 1-2 hours 
C) 2-6 hours 
D) 2-3 hours 
A) 4-8 hours 
B) 1-2 hours 
C) 2-6 hours 
D) 2-3 hours

Question 8

Which of the following are symptoms of a severe asthma exacerbation
I.Accessory muscle use
II.Cyanosis
III.Decreased level of Consciousness
IV.PaCO₂ greater than 40 mm Hg
V.PaO₂ less than 80 mm Hg
VI.SpO₂ 90%-92%

Accepted Answer

A) III, IV, V, and VI 
B) II, III, and IV 
C) I, II, and III 
D) I, II, III, and VI 
A) III, IV, V, and VI 
B) II, III, and IV 
C) I, II, and III 
D) I, II, III, and VI

Question 9

Which of the following are Considered outdoor nonallergenic triggers
I.Air pollutants
II.Nitrogen dioxide
III.Wood and gas stoves
IV.TobacCo smoke
V.Mold
VI.Pets

Accepted Answer

A) II, III, IV, and V 
B) I, III, IV, and V 
C) I, II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, IV, and V 
A) II, III, IV, and V 
B) I, III, IV, and V 
C) I, II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, IV, and V

Question 10

A positive result of a bronchoprovocation test would suggest all of the following except: 
I.Diagnosis of asthma
II.Ruling out asthma
III.Reduction in forced expiratory volume greater than 20%
IV.Decrease of 50% in forced expiratory volume after 1 seCond
V.Hyperresponsiveness of the airway

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, and V 
B) II, IV, and V 
C) I, II, and IV 
D) III and IV 
A) I, III, and V 
B) II, IV, and V 
C) I, II, and IV 
D) III and IV

Question 11

What are the main objectives for ventilator management for a patient in status asthmaticus
I.Adequate gas exchange
II.Bronchodilator therapy
III.Permissive hypercapnia
IV.Low FiO₂
V.Preventing hyperinflation
VI.Preventin ventilator-associated lung injury

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, V, and VI 
B) I, III, IV, and VI 
C) I, V, and VI 
D) II and IV 
A) I, II, III, V, and VI 
B) I, III, IV, and VI 
C) I, V, and VI 
D) II and IV

Question 12

What allergic disease has been classified as the greatest clinical and eConomic burden

Accepted Answer

A) Obstructive sleep apnea 
B) Asthma 
C) Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) 
D) Ragweed allergy 
A) Obstructive sleep apnea 
B) Asthma 
C) Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) 
D) Ragweed allergy

Question 13

What are some possible side effects of using systemic CortiCosteroids to treat asthma
I.Suppression of immune system
II.Hypotension
III.Hyperglycemia
IV.Diabetes mellitus
V.Hampers growth in children
VI.Hypoglycemia

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, IV, and V 
B) II, IV, V, and VI 
C) I, II, IV, and VI 
D) II, III, V, and VI 
A) I, III, IV, and V 
B) II, IV, V, and VI 
C) I, II, IV, and VI 
D) II, III, V, and VI

Question 14

What patient history information is essential to obtain from a new patient who is suspected to have asthma
I.Presence of shortness of breath
II.Presence of chest tightness
III.History of bacterial respiratory infections
IV.Environmental allergens
V.Age at onset of symptoms
VI.Ability to Cope with current symptoms
VII.Substance abuse history

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, IV, V, and VI 
B) I, III, V, VI, and VII 
C) I, II, IV, V, VI, and VII 
D) I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII 
A) I, III, IV, V, and VI 
B) I, III, V, VI, and VII 
C) I, II, IV, V, VI, and VII 
D) I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII

Question 15

Which of the following are forms of immunotherapy
I.Subcutaneous injections
II.Anti-IgE therapy
III.Antihistamine therapy
IV.Long-acting beta agonists

Accepted Answer

A) I and III 
B) I and II 
C) II and IV 
D) I only 
A) I and III 
B) I and II 
C) II and IV 
D) I only

Question 16

Although asthma deaths among children are rare, occurrences of death increase with age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What function do cromones perform

Accepted Answer

A) Stabilize mast cells and interfere with chloride channel function, preventing mediator release and airway inflammation. 
B) Block late phase reaction to allergens, reduce hyperresponsiveness, and inhibit activation and migration of inflammatory cells. 
C) Stimulate the central nervous system and cardiac muscles, but also stimulate respiratory drive or strengthen diaphragm muscles. 
D) Act by preventing leukotrienes from causing airway inflammation in asthma. 
A) Stabilize mast cells and interfere with chloride channel function, preventing mediator release and airway inflammation. 
B) Block late phase reaction to allergens, reduce hyperresponsiveness, and inhibit activation and migration of inflammatory cells. 
C) Stimulate the central nervous system and cardiac muscles, but also stimulate respiratory drive or strengthen diaphragm muscles. 
D) Act by preventing leukotrienes from causing airway inflammation in asthma.

Question 18

What is the gold standard drug for treating asthma
I.Short-acting beta agonists
II.Long-acting beta agonists
III.Short-acting beta agonists Combined with long-acting beta agonists
IV.Ventolin
V.Levalbuterol

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, and V 
B) I, IV, and V 
C) II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, and IV 
A) I, III, and V 
B) I, IV, and V 
C) II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, and IV

Question 19

What specific pulmonary function tests are most valuable for asthma diagnosis
I.Forced vital capacity (FVC)
II.Forced expiratory volume after 1 seCond (FEV₁)
III.Forced expiratory volume after 6 seConds (FEV₆)
IV.FEV₁/FVC
V.Forced expiratory volume after 3 seConds (FEV₃)
VI.(FEV₆/FEV₁)

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, and VI 
B) I, II, III, and IV 
C) I, III, IV, and V 
D) I, II, III, IV, and V 
A) I, II, III, and VI 
B) I, II, III, and IV 
C) I, III, IV, and V 
D) I, II, III, IV, and V

Question 20

Which of the following hypotheses suggest that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents and parasites suppresses a person's immune system development and increases his or her susceptibility to allergic diseases

Accepted Answer

A) Atopy hypothesis 
B) Genetic heredity hypothesis 
C) Hygiene hypothesis 
D) Allergen hypothesis 
A) Atopy hypothesis 
B) Genetic heredity hypothesis 
C) Hygiene hypothesis 
D) Allergen hypothesis

Children whose asthma symptoms occur before 3 years of age are more likely to develop loss of lung function than those whose symptoms begin later in life.

What is Considered a weak bronchodilator that reduces respiratory muscle fatigue I.Caffeine II.Racemic epinephrine III.Methylxanthines IV.Anticholinergics

Status asthmaticus responds to what therapy initially? A.Albuterol B.Flonase C.Xopenex D.Flovent diskus E.Maxair F.Leukotriene modifiers G.None of the above

Management of asthma includes which of the following I.Controlling asthma triggers II.Educating patient III.Lifestyle changes IV.Drug maintenance plan V.Designing an asthma action plan

Which of the following cells are chemical mediators that produce an immediate hypersensitivity response I.Mast cells II.Dendritic cells III.Histamine IV.Leukotrienes V.Prostaglandins

How long does it take for a short-acting beta agonist to show its effectiveness

Which of the following are symptoms of a severe asthma exacerbation I.Accessory muscle use II.Cyanosis III.Decreased level of Consciousness IV.PaCO₂ greater than 40 mm Hg V.PaO₂ less than 80 mm Hg VI.SpO₂ 90%-92%

Which of the following are Considered outdoor nonallergenic triggers I.Air pollutants II.Nitrogen dioxide III.Wood and gas stoves IV.TobacCo smoke V.Mold VI.Pets

A positive result of a bronchoprovocation test would suggest all of the following except: I.Diagnosis of asthma II.Ruling out asthma III.Reduction in forced expiratory volume greater than 20% IV.Decrease of 50% in forced expiratory volume after 1 seCond V.Hyperresponsiveness of the airway

What are the main objectives for ventilator management for a patient in status asthmaticus I.Adequate gas exchange II.Bronchodilator therapy III.Permissive hypercapnia IV.Low FiO₂ V.Preventing hyperinflation VI.Preventin ventilator-associated lung injury

What allergic disease has been classified as the greatest clinical and eConomic burden

What are some possible side effects of using systemic CortiCosteroids to treat asthma I.Suppression of immune system II.Hypotension III.Hyperglycemia IV.Diabetes mellitus V.Hampers growth in children VI.Hypoglycemia

Which of the following are forms of immunotherapy I.Subcutaneous injections II.Anti-IgE therapy III.Antihistamine therapy IV.Long-acting beta agonists

Although asthma deaths among children are rare, occurrences of death increase with age.

What function do cromones perform

What is the gold standard drug for treating asthma I.Short-acting beta agonists II.Long-acting beta agonists III.Short-acting beta agonists Combined with long-acting beta agonists IV.Ventolin V.Levalbuterol

What specific pulmonary function tests are most valuable for asthma diagnosis I.Forced vital capacity (FVC) II.Forced expiratory volume after 1 seCond (FEV₁) III.Forced expiratory volume after 6 seConds (FEV₆) IV.FEV₁/FVC V.Forced expiratory volume after 3 seConds (FEV₃) VI.(FEV₆/FEV₁)

Which of the following hypotheses suggest that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents and parasites suppresses a person's immune system development and increases his or her susceptibility to allergic diseases

Making Sense of Caring for Kids: a Different Approach to Respiratory Care

Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development

Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Disease of Full-Term Infants

Common Neonatal Complications: Pulmonary Complications

Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem Complications

Abdominal Defects

Airway Abnormalities

Acyanotic Heart Defects

Cyanotic Heart Defects

Pediatric Disease With Respiratory Implications

Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases

Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases

Neuromuscular Disorders

Pediatric Diseases With Respiratory Implications

Neurological Accidents

Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Palliative and End of Life Care

Filters

Exam 13: Asthma

Children whose asthma symptoms occur before 3 years of age are more likely to develop loss of lung function than those whose symptoms begin later in life.

What is Considered a weak bronchodilator that reduces respiratory muscle fatigue I.Caffeine II.Racemic epinephrine III.Methylxanthines IV.Anticholinergics

Status asthmaticus responds to what therapy initially? A.Albuterol B.Flonase C.Xopenex D.Flovent diskus E.Maxair F.Leukotriene modifiers G.None of the above

Management of asthma includes which of the following I.Controlling asthma triggers II.Educating patient III.Lifestyle changes IV.Drug maintenance plan V.Designing an asthma action plan

Which of the following cells are chemical mediators that produce an immediate hypersensitivity response I.Mast cells II.Dendritic cells III.Histamine IV.Leukotrienes V.Prostaglandins

How long does it take for a short-acting beta agonist to show its effectiveness

Which of the following are symptoms of a severe asthma exacerbation I.Accessory muscle use II.Cyanosis III.Decreased level of Consciousness IV.PaCO₂ greater than 40 mm Hg V.PaO₂ less than 80 mm Hg VI.SpO₂ 90%-92%

Which of the following are Considered outdoor nonallergenic triggers I.Air pollutants II.Nitrogen dioxide III.Wood and gas stoves IV.TobacCo smoke V.Mold VI.Pets

A positive result of a bronchoprovocation test would suggest all of the following except: I.Diagnosis of asthma II.Ruling out asthma III.Reduction in forced expiratory volume greater than 20% IV.Decrease of 50% in forced expiratory volume after 1 seCond V.Hyperresponsiveness of the airway

What are the main objectives for ventilator management for a patient in status asthmaticus I.Adequate gas exchange II.Bronchodilator therapy III.Permissive hypercapnia IV.Low FiO₂ V.Preventing hyperinflation VI.Preventin ventilator-associated lung injury

What allergic disease has been classified as the greatest clinical and eConomic burden

What are some possible side effects of using systemic CortiCosteroids to treat asthma I.Suppression of immune system II.Hypotension III.Hyperglycemia IV.Diabetes mellitus V.Hampers growth in children VI.Hypoglycemia

Which of the following are forms of immunotherapy I.Subcutaneous injections II.Anti-IgE therapy III.Antihistamine therapy IV.Long-acting beta agonists

Although asthma deaths among children are rare, occurrences of death increase with age.

What function do cromones perform

What is the gold standard drug for treating asthma I.Short-acting beta agonists II.Long-acting beta agonists III.Short-acting beta agonists Combined with long-acting beta agonists IV.Ventolin V.Levalbuterol

What specific pulmonary function tests are most valuable for asthma diagnosis I.Forced vital capacity (FVC) II.Forced expiratory volume after 1 seCond (FEV₁) III.Forced expiratory volume after 6 seConds (FEV₆) IV.FEV₁/FVC V.Forced expiratory volume after 3 seConds (FEV₃) VI.(FEV₆/FEV₁)

Which of the following hypotheses suggest that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents and parasites suppresses a person's immune system development and increases his or her susceptibility to allergic diseases

Making Sense of Caring for Kids: a Different Approach to Respiratory Care

Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development

Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Disease of Full-Term Infants

Common Neonatal Complications: Pulmonary Complications

Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem Complications

Abdominal Defects

Airway Abnormalities

Acyanotic Heart Defects

Cyanotic Heart Defects

Pediatric Disease With Respiratory Implications

Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases

Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases

Neuromuscular Disorders

Pediatric Diseases With Respiratory Implications

Neurological Accidents

Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Palliative and End of Life Care

Filters