Exam 12: Cyanotic Heart Defects

Successful management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome requires an understanding of the delicate balance between pulmonary blood flow and systemic blood flow.

Surgical intervention is not indicated in patients with truncus arteriosus.

What is the mortality rate for infants with tetralogy of Fallot

What tests need to be performed to decipher whether a patient's hypoxemia is related to lung disease or Congenital heart disease I.Chest radiograph II.EKG III.Hyperoxia test IV.Pulmonary function test V.Echocardiogram VI.Cardiac auscultation

What will happen to a patient with total anomalous pulmonary venous return if administered inhaled nitric oxide I.Improved cardiac output II.Constricted pulmonary vasculature III.Worsened cardiac output IV.Dilated pulmonary vasculature

A patient diagnosed with an Ebstein anomaly will present with which of the following findings on physical examination I.Saturation less than 85% in patients who are older children or are adults II.Cyanosis III.Hepatomegaly IV.Jugular vein distention V.Dyspnea on exertion

What pulse oximetry range should be maintained by the registered respiratory therapist for a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome until after stage 3 repair

What is the appropriate PaCO₂ range needed to achieve a high pulmonary vascular resistance and maintain an appropriate systemic flow for a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is an example of what larger category of Congenital cardiac defects

What are the clinical signs of total anomalous pulmonary venous return I.Elevated T-waves on electrocardiogram II.Right ventricular heave III.Periods of hypercyanosis IV.Left ventricular hypertrophy V.Snowman cardiac silhouette VI.A fixed split S2

What percentage of patients with Ebstein anomaly will present with arrhythmias during their lifetime

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return is a life-threatening problem because:

What forms of treatment can be utilized in the management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome I.Norwood procedure II.Sano modification III.Bidirectional Glenn procedure IV.Fontan procedure V.Heart transplant

What is deemed the industry standard for diagnosis and differentiation of Congenital cardiac malformation

Tetralogy of Fallot includes what four defects I.Ventricular septal defect II.Arterial septal defect III.Aorta that overrides the ventricular septal defect IV.Obstruction of the left ventricle outflow tract V.Obstruction of the right ventricle outflow tract VI.Right ventricular hypertrophy VII.Left ventricular hypertrophy

Which of the following statements are true regarding transposition of the great arteries (TGA) I.The aorta arises from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle. II.The aorta arises from the left ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle. III.TGA is fatal without treatment. IV.TGA occurs more often in males than females.

What percentage of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome die prior to stage 2 repair

The physical examination of transposition of the great arteries includes all of the following except:

If an infant with transposition of the great arteries is presenting with severe cyanosis, what life-saving procedure should be immediately performed at the patient's bedside

What Congenital heart diseases are associated with an Ebstein anomaly I.Hypoplastic left heart syndrome II.Ventricular septal defect III.Patent foramen ovale IV.Atrial septal defect V.Truncus arteriosus