Question 1

Metabolic syndrome includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension and obesity. 
B)  renal disease and proteinuria. 
C)  neurologic changes and weight loss. 
D)  autoimmune and hormonal diseases. 
A)  hypertension and obesity. 
B)  renal disease and proteinuria. 
C)  neurologic changes and weight loss. 
D)  autoimmune and hormonal diseases. A

Question 2

Infants born to mothers with GDM may have macrosomia because:

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose crosses the placenta, but maternal insulin does not. 
B)  maternal insulin crosses the placenta, but glucose does not. 
C)  both maternal insulin and glucose cross the placenta. 
D)  neither maternal insulin nor glucose cross the placenta. 
A)  glucose crosses the placenta, but maternal insulin does not. 
B)  maternal insulin crosses the placenta, but glucose does not. 
C)  both maternal insulin and glucose cross the placenta. 
D)  neither maternal insulin nor glucose cross the placenta. A

Question 3

Infants born to mothers with GDM may experience:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperglycemia. 
B)  hypoglycemia. 
C)  low birth weight. 
D)  ketosis. 
A)  hyperglycemia. 
B)  hypoglycemia. 
C)  low birth weight. 
D)  ketosis. B

Question 4

People who have diabetes are at particular risk for:

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatitis. 
B)  gallbladder disease. 
C)  coronary artery disease. 
D)  bronchitis. 
A)  hepatitis. 
B)  gallbladder disease. 
C)  coronary artery disease. 
D)  bronchitis.

Question 5

One of the most common tools used for meal planning for clients with type 1 diabetes, based on the primary nutrient affecting postprandial blood glucose levels and insulin requirements, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate counting. 
B)  the standard American Diabetes Association (AD
A)  diet. 
C)  personalization and individualization. 
D)  the Food Guide Pyramid. 
A)  carbohydrate counting. 
B)  the standard American Diabetes Association (AD
A)  diet. 
C)  personalization and individualization. 
D)  the Food Guide Pyramid.

Question 6

Clients with type 1 diabetes can achieve more consistent blood glucose control using:

Accepted Answer

A)  intensive insulin therapy. 
B)  oral antidiabetic drugs. 
C)  urine testing. 
D)  glycated hemoglobin testing. 
A)  intensive insulin therapy. 
B)  oral antidiabetic drugs. 
C)  urine testing. 
D)  glycated hemoglobin testing.

Question 7

Historically, type 2 diabetes is typically diagnosed after age:

Accepted Answer

A)  30 years. 
B)  40 years. 
C)  50 years. 
D)  60 years. 
A)  30 years. 
B)  40 years. 
C)  50 years. 
D)  60 years.

Question 8

One of the major functions of insulin is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  convert fat to glucose. 
B)  decrease protein synthesis. 
C)  stimulate fat breakdown. 
D)  promote uptake of amino acids. 
A)  convert fat to glucose. 
B)  decrease protein synthesis. 
C)  stimulate fat breakdown. 
D)  promote uptake of amino acids.

Question 9

The hormone that regulates blood glucose level by inhibiting interactions of insulin and glucagon is:

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroxine. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  growth hormone. 
A)  thyroxine. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  growth hormone.

Question 10

Insulin may be used by clients with type 2 diabetes if they:

Accepted Answer

A)  are unsuccessful with weight loss. 
B)  are unable to achieve glycemic control with nutrition therapy. 
C)  are unable to achieve glycemic control with oral agents. 
D)  prefer more flexibility in meal planning. 
A)  are unsuccessful with weight loss. 
B)  are unable to achieve glycemic control with nutrition therapy. 
C)  are unable to achieve glycemic control with oral agents. 
D)  prefer more flexibility in meal planning.

Question 11

A client with diabetes would need to adjust or modify his or her diet if he or she is:

Accepted Answer

A)  eating at home. 
B)  experiencing loss of sleep. 
C)  ill or under stress. 
D)  having company for dinner. 
A)  eating at home. 
B)  experiencing loss of sleep. 
C)  ill or under stress. 
D)  having company for dinner.

Question 12

The underlying cause of type 1 diabetes is:

Accepted Answer

A)  atherosclerotic damage. 
B)  enzyme deficiencies that impair digestion. 
C)  obesity and lack of exercise. 
D)  an autoimmune attack on insulin-producing cells. 
A)  atherosclerotic damage. 
B)  enzyme deficiencies that impair digestion. 
C)  obesity and lack of exercise. 
D)  an autoimmune attack on insulin-producing cells.

Question 13

The hormone that is considered to be an antagonist to insulin is:

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon. 
B)  somatostatin. 
C)  thyroxine. 
D)  glucose. 
A)  glucagon. 
B)  somatostatin. 
C)  thyroxine. 
D)  glucose.

Question 14

One way in which oral hypoglycemic drugs act to lower elevated blood glucose levels is by:

Accepted Answer

A)  reducing peripheral uptake of glucose. 
B)  preventing the release of glucose from dietary carbohydrates. 
C)  stimulating hepatic glucose output. 
D)  stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin. 
A)  reducing peripheral uptake of glucose. 
B)  preventing the release of glucose from dietary carbohydrates. 
C)  stimulating hepatic glucose output. 
D)  stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin.

Question 15

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  slow development in older adults. 
B)  rapid development before age 40. 
C)  infrequent occurrence of ketoacidosis. 
D)  a strong relationship to obesity. 
A)  slow development in older adults. 
B)  rapid development before age 40. 
C)  infrequent occurrence of ketoacidosis. 
D)  a strong relationship to obesity.

Question 16

The effects of glucagon include:

Accepted Answer

A)  activating insulin receptors on the cell membranes. 
B)  converting excess glucose to fat for storage. 
C)  triggering insulin release when blood glucose levels are high. 
D)  causing breakdown of liver glycogen. 
A)  activating insulin receptors on the cell membranes. 
B)  converting excess glucose to fat for storage. 
C)  triggering insulin release when blood glucose levels are high. 
D)  causing breakdown of liver glycogen.

Question 17

A self-management technique that guides insulin prescriptions for clients with type 1 diabetes is:

Accepted Answer

A)  weighing daily. 
B)  self-monitoring of blood glucose. 
C)  daily urine testing. 
D)  calculating intake and output. 
A)  weighing daily. 
B)  self-monitoring of blood glucose. 
C)  daily urine testing. 
D)  calculating intake and output.

Question 18

Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  frequency of snacking. 
B)  consumption of fast food. 
C)  overweight and obesity. 
D)  stress and depression. 
A)  frequency of snacking. 
B)  consumption of fast food. 
C)  overweight and obesity. 
D)  stress and depression.

Question 19

In people with type 1 diabetes, insulin production is:

Accepted Answer

A)  unaffected. 
B)  increased. 
C)  intermittent. 
D)  deficient. 
A)  unaffected. 
B)  increased. 
C)  intermittent. 
D)  deficient.

Question 20

A population group that has a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Russians. 
B)  Eskimos. 
C)  Japanese. 
D)  Pima Indians. 
A)  Russians. 
B)  Eskimos. 
C)  Japanese. 
D)  Pima Indians.

Exam 22: Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolic syndrome includes:

Infants born to mothers with GDM may have macrosomia because:

Infants born to mothers with GDM may experience:

People who have diabetes are at particular risk for:

One of the most common tools used for meal planning for clients with type 1 diabetes, based on the primary nutrient affecting postprandial blood glucose levels and insulin requirements, is:

Clients with type 1 diabetes can achieve more consistent blood glucose control using:

Historically, type 2 diabetes is typically diagnosed after age:

One of the major functions of insulin is to:

The hormone that regulates blood glucose level by inhibiting interactions of insulin and glucagon is:

Insulin may be used by clients with type 2 diabetes if they:

A client with diabetes would need to adjust or modify his or her diet if he or she is:

The underlying cause of type 1 diabetes is:

The hormone that is considered to be an antagonist to insulin is:

One way in which oral hypoglycemic drugs act to lower elevated blood glucose levels is by:

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by:

The effects of glucagon include:

A self-management technique that guides insulin prescriptions for clients with type 1 diabetes is:

Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is related to:

In people with type 1 diabetes, insulin production is:

A population group that has a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes is:

Nutrition and Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Vitamins

Minerals and Water

Energy Balance

Food Selection and Food Safety

Community Nutrition: Promoting Healthy Eating

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition for Normal Growth and Development

Nutrition for Adults: Early, Middle, and Later Years

Nutrition and Physical Fitness

The Complexity of Obesity: Beyond Energy Balance

Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Therapy in Patient Care

Metabolic Stress

Drug-Nutrient Interactions

Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Lungs

Renal Disease

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Aids

Cancer

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