Question 1

Nasoenteric tubes can be inserted into the stomach, duodenum, and:

Accepted Answer

A)  rectum. 
B)  jejunum. 
C)  ileum. 
D)  gallbladder. 
A)  rectum. 
B)  jejunum. 
C)  ileum. 
D)  gallbladder. B

Question 2

The most appropriate route of feeding for a client with gastric cancer is via a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  esophagostomy. 
B)  gastrostomy. 
C)  jejunostomy. 
D)  ileostomy. 
A)  esophagostomy. 
B)  gastrostomy. 
C)  jejunostomy. 
D)  ileostomy. C

Question 3

Clients who are on ventilators, are restrained, are comatose, or have a depressed gag reflex and are receiving tube feedings should have feeding tubes placed into the:

Accepted Answer

A)  jejunum. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  ileum. 
D)  duodenum. 
A)  jejunum. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  ileum. 
D)  duodenum. A

Question 4

The person who is most likely to have a high risk of malnutrition is one with:

Accepted Answer

A)  a superficial first-degree burn. 
B)  chronic disease. 
C)  cataracts. 
D)  a heart attack. 
A)  a superficial first-degree burn. 
B)  chronic disease. 
C)  cataracts. 
D)  a heart attack.

Question 5

One form of protein that is often used in standard enteral nutrition formulas is:

Accepted Answer

A)  denatured. 
B)  intact. 
C)  essential. 
D)  incomplete. 
A)  denatured. 
B)  intact. 
C)  essential. 
D)  incomplete.

Question 6

When an open delivery system is used for tube feeding, the maximum hang time for the formula is:

Accepted Answer

A)  2 hours. 
B)  8 hours. 
C)  24 hours. 
D)  48 hours. 
A)  2 hours. 
B)  8 hours. 
C)  24 hours. 
D)  48 hours.

Question 7

Lactose is not usually used in commercial enteral nutrition formulas because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is too sweet. 
B)  it exerts too much osmotic pressure. 
C)  lactose intolerance is common in critically ill patients. 
D)  it interferes with drug absorption. 
A)  it is too sweet. 
B)  it exerts too much osmotic pressure. 
C)  lactose intolerance is common in critically ill patients. 
D)  it interferes with drug absorption.

Question 8

In most critically ill patients, energy needs do not exceed basal energy needs by more than:

Accepted Answer

A)  10%. 
B)  20%. 
C)  30%. 
D)  50%. 
A)  10%. 
B)  20%. 
C)  30%. 
D)  50%.

Question 9

Osmotic pressure (osmolality) of an enteral nutrition formula is determined by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of fat in the solution. 
B)  size of particles in the solution. 
C)  viscosity of the solution. 
D)  number of particles in the solution. 
A)  amount of fat in the solution. 
B)  size of particles in the solution. 
C)  viscosity of the solution. 
D)  number of particles in the solution.

Question 10

Weight should be measured daily in patients receiving nutrition support to help determine their:

Accepted Answer

A)  nutritional status. 
B)  hydration status. 
C)  energy balance. 
D)  nitrogen balance. 
A)  nutritional status. 
B)  hydration status. 
C)  energy balance. 
D)  nitrogen balance.

Question 11

A client would be a candidate for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) if he or she had:

Accepted Answer

A)  a poor appetite after major surgery. 
B)  severe depression and unwillingness to eat. 
C)  radiation enteritis causing minimal food intake for over 2 weeks. 
D)  lost more than 10% of usual body weight in the past 9 months. 
A)  a poor appetite after major surgery. 
B)  severe depression and unwillingness to eat. 
C)  radiation enteritis causing minimal food intake for over 2 weeks. 
D)  lost more than 10% of usual body weight in the past 9 months.

Question 12

The percentage of energy provided by protein in parenteral nutrition is normally:

Accepted Answer

A)  10% to 15%. 
B)  10% to 20%. 
C)  15% to 20%. 
D)  20% to 30%. 
A)  10% to 15%. 
B)  10% to 20%. 
C)  15% to 20%. 
D)  20% to 30%.

Question 13

A problem associated with use of blenderized formulas is:

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of flavor. 
B)  lack of viscosity. 
C)  bacterial contamination. 
D)  nutrient density. 
A)  lack of flavor. 
B)  lack of viscosity. 
C)  bacterial contamination. 
D)  nutrient density.

Question 14

Prebiotics or probiotics may be added to enteral formulas to improve:

Accepted Answer

A)  the viscosity of the formula. 
B)  the osmolality of the formula. 
C)  the intestinal flora in the gastrointestinal tract. 
D)  motility in the gastrointestinal tract. 
A)  the viscosity of the formula. 
B)  the osmolality of the formula. 
C)  the intestinal flora in the gastrointestinal tract. 
D)  motility in the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 15

The amount of energy provided by dextrose in parenteral nutrition solutions is:

Accepted Answer

A)  2.4 kcal/g. 
B)  3.4 kcal/g. 
C)  4.0 kcal/g. 
D)  4.3 kcal/g. 
A)  2.4 kcal/g. 
B)  3.4 kcal/g. 
C)  4.0 kcal/g. 
D)  4.3 kcal/g.

Question 16

Essential fuel sources for critically ill patients are:

Accepted Answer

A)  dextrose and lipid emulsions. 
B)  protein and vitamins. 
C)  glucose and electrolytes. 
D)  glucose and protein. 
A)  dextrose and lipid emulsions. 
B)  protein and vitamins. 
C)  glucose and electrolytes. 
D)  glucose and protein.

Question 17

Individual intolerance of a formula is most likely to be caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  drug interactions. 
B)  temperature. 
C)  osmolarity. 
D)  the form of fat used. 
A)  drug interactions. 
B)  temperature. 
C)  osmolarity. 
D)  the form of fat used.

Question 18

Measurement of nitrogen balance requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  an accurate 24-hour urine collection. 
B)  a 24-hour feces collection. 
C)  measurement of serum albumin. 
D)  high protein intake. 
A)  an accurate 24-hour urine collection. 
B)  a 24-hour feces collection. 
C)  measurement of serum albumin. 
D)  high protein intake.

Question 19

The most important factor in decisions concerning use of parenteral nutrition is:

Accepted Answer

A)  age. 
B)  gender. 
C)  competence of the clinical nutritionist. 
D)  status of the gastrointestinal tract. 
A)  age. 
B)  gender. 
C)  competence of the clinical nutritionist. 
D)  status of the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 20

In enteral nutrition formulas that contain amino acids, the form of the amino acids is:

Accepted Answer

A)  simple. 
B)  complex. 
C)  hydrolyzed. 
D)  crystalline. 
A)  simple. 
B)  complex. 
C)  hydrolyzed. 
D)  crystalline.

Exam 19: Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Nasoenteric tubes can be inserted into the stomach, duodenum, and:

The most appropriate route of feeding for a client with gastric cancer is via a(n):

Clients who are on ventilators, are restrained, are comatose, or have a depressed gag reflex and are receiving tube feedings should have feeding tubes placed into the:

The person who is most likely to have a high risk of malnutrition is one with:

One form of protein that is often used in standard enteral nutrition formulas is:

When an open delivery system is used for tube feeding, the maximum hang time for the formula is:

Lactose is not usually used in commercial enteral nutrition formulas because:

In most critically ill patients, energy needs do not exceed basal energy needs by more than:

Osmotic pressure (osmolality) of an enteral nutrition formula is determined by the:

Weight should be measured daily in patients receiving nutrition support to help determine their:

A client would be a candidate for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) if he or she had:

The percentage of energy provided by protein in parenteral nutrition is normally:

A problem associated with use of blenderized formulas is:

Prebiotics or probiotics may be added to enteral formulas to improve:

The amount of energy provided by dextrose in parenteral nutrition solutions is:

Essential fuel sources for critically ill patients are:

Individual intolerance of a formula is most likely to be caused by:

Measurement of nitrogen balance requires:

The most important factor in decisions concerning use of parenteral nutrition is:

In enteral nutrition formulas that contain amino acids, the form of the amino acids is:

Nutrition and Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Vitamins

Minerals and Water

Energy Balance

Food Selection and Food Safety

Community Nutrition: Promoting Healthy Eating

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition for Normal Growth and Development

Nutrition for Adults: Early, Middle, and Later Years

Nutrition and Physical Fitness

The Complexity of Obesity: Beyond Energy Balance

Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Therapy in Patient Care

Metabolic Stress

Drug-Nutrient Interactions

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Lungs

Diabetes Mellitus

Renal Disease

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Aids

Cancer

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