Question 1

If a client requires parenteral nutrition for the next 4 months, the route of choice for feeding will probably be via a:

Accepted Answer

A)  nasogastric tube. 
B)  central vein. 
C)  nasoenteric tube. 
D)  peripheral vein. 
A)  nasogastric tube. 
B)  central vein. 
C)  nasoenteric tube. 
D)  peripheral vein.

Question 2

To prevent essential fatty acid deficiency, the percentage of energy provided by lipid in parenteral nutrition solutions should be at least:

Accepted Answer

A)  1% to 2%. 
B)  2% to 4%. 
C)  4% to 10%. 
D)  10% to 15%. 
A)  1% to 2%. 
B)  2% to 4%. 
C)  4% to 10%. 
D)  10% to 15%.

Question 3

Formula intolerance may be indicated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  bloating and constipation or diarrhea. 
B)  consistent daily weight and fluid balance. 
C)  patient fatigue and weakness. 
D)  low serum albumin and transferrin levels. 
A)  bloating and constipation or diarrhea. 
B)  consistent daily weight and fluid balance. 
C)  patient fatigue and weakness. 
D)  low serum albumin and transferrin levels.

Question 4

If a patient weighed 150 lb 6 months ago and now weighs 130 lb, the weight loss would be considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  mild. 
B)  moderate. 
C)  significant. 
D)  severe. 
A)  mild. 
B)  moderate. 
C)  significant. 
D)  severe.

Question 5

Regular monitoring of a client who is receiving tube feeding includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  serum sodium and potassium. 
B)  serum albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin. 
C)  24-hour urine and clean-catch urine. 
D)  serum iron. 
A)  serum sodium and potassium. 
B)  serum albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin. 
C)  24-hour urine and clean-catch urine. 
D)  serum iron.

Question 6

The American Medical Association recommends that trace elements added to parenteral nutrition solutions should include:

Accepted Answer

A)  iron, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus. 
B)  sodium, potassium, copper, and chloride. 
C)  zinc, copper, manganese, and chromium. 
D)  manganese, selenium, fluoride, and iron. 
A)  iron, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus. 
B)  sodium, potassium, copper, and chloride. 
C)  zinc, copper, manganese, and chromium. 
D)  manganese, selenium, fluoride, and iron.

Question 7

Subjective global assessment relies on information from:

Accepted Answer

A)  history and physical examination. 
B)  biochemical and anthropometric data. 
C)  the patient's own assessment of his or her condition. 
D)  the health care team's collective opinions. 
A)  history and physical examination. 
B)  biochemical and anthropometric data. 
C)  the patient's own assessment of his or her condition. 
D)  the health care team's collective opinions.

Question 8

In critically ill patients, tolerance of enteral tube feedings is generally best when feedings are:

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous. 
B)  intermittent. 
C)  boluses. 
D)  cyclic. 
A)  continuous. 
B)  intermittent. 
C)  boluses. 
D)  cyclic.

Question 9

During critical illness, plasma levels of the hepatic proteins (albumin, transferrin, and prealbumin) generally indicate:

Accepted Answer

A)  overall nutritional status. 
B)  hydration status. 
C)  risk of morbidity and mortality. 
D)  nitrogen balance. 
A)  overall nutritional status. 
B)  hydration status. 
C)  risk of morbidity and mortality. 
D)  nitrogen balance.

Question 10

Energy needs may be 50% to 100% above basal energy expenditure in patients with:

Accepted Answer

A)  sepsis. 
B)  severe burns. 
C)  bone fractures. 
D)  cancer cachexia. 
A)  sepsis. 
B)  severe burns. 
C)  bone fractures. 
D)  cancer cachexia.

Question 11

Placement of enteral feeding tubes should be confirmed using:

Accepted Answer

A)  x-ray examination. 
B)  magnetic resonance imaging. 
C)  manual verification. 
D)  aspirates of gastrointestinal fluids. 
A)  x-ray examination. 
B)  magnetic resonance imaging. 
C)  manual verification. 
D)  aspirates of gastrointestinal fluids.

Question 12

The nutrient density of most commercial enteral formulas is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 2 kcal/mL. 
B)  2 to 5 kcal/mL. 
C)  4 to 5 kcal/mL. 
D)  4 to 10 kcal/mL. 
A)  1 to 2 kcal/mL. 
B)  2 to 5 kcal/mL. 
C)  4 to 5 kcal/mL. 
D)  4 to 10 kcal/mL.

Question 13

Complications associated with parenteral nutrition include:

Accepted Answer

A)  low blood glucose levels. 
B)  electrolyte abnormalities. 
C)  loss of appetite. 
D)  depression. 
A)  low blood glucose levels. 
B)  electrolyte abnormalities. 
C)  loss of appetite. 
D)  depression.

Question 14

During the first 24 hours of TPN formula administration, the amount of carbohydrate infused should not exceed:

Accepted Answer

A)  50g. 
B)  100g. 
C)  200g. 
D)  250g. 
A)  50g. 
B)  100g. 
C)  200g. 
D)  250g.

Question 15

The form of protein used in standard parenteral nutrition solutions is:

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolyzed protein. 
B)  essential amino acids. 
C)  crystalline amino acids. 
D)  branched-chain amino acids. 
A)  hydrolyzed protein. 
B)  essential amino acids. 
C)  crystalline amino acids. 
D)  branched-chain amino acids.

Question 16

If a tube-fed patient has blood glucose values higher than 200 mg/dL, he or she should be given:

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin. 
B)  a prokinetic agent. 
C)  formula with added fiber. 
D)  a low-carbohydrate formula. 
A)  insulin. 
B)  a prokinetic agent. 
C)  formula with added fiber. 
D)  a low-carbohydrate formula.

Question 17

The preferred route for long-term enteral feeding is:

Accepted Answer

A)  nasogastric. 
B)  enterostomal. 
C)  nasoenteric. 
D)  peripheral vein. 
A)  nasogastric. 
B)  enterostomal. 
C)  nasoenteric. 
D)  peripheral vein.

Question 18

Signs of overhydration include:

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated blood urea nitrogen level. 
B)  weight loss. 
C)  decreased blood pressure. 
D)  edema. 
A)  elevated blood urea nitrogen level. 
B)  weight loss. 
C)  decreased blood pressure. 
D)  edema.

Question 19

The Mifflin-St. Jeor equations for calculating basal energy expenditure are based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  sex and weight. 
B)  lean body mass and age. 
C)  sex, height, weight, and age. 
D)  sex, height, and ideal body weight. 
A)  sex and weight. 
B)  lean body mass and age. 
C)  sex, height, weight, and age. 
D)  sex, height, and ideal body weight.

Question 20

Peripheral parenteral nutrition is appropriate when the patient requires parenteral nutrition for less than:

Accepted Answer

A)  5 days. 
B)  7 days. 
C)  14 days. 
D)  20 days. 
A)  5 days. 
B)  7 days. 
C)  14 days. 
D)  20 days.

Exam 19: Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

If a client requires parenteral nutrition for the next 4 months, the route of choice for feeding will probably be via a:

To prevent essential fatty acid deficiency, the percentage of energy provided by lipid in parenteral nutrition solutions should be at least:

Formula intolerance may be indicated by:

If a patient weighed 150 lb 6 months ago and now weighs 130 lb, the weight loss would be considered:

Regular monitoring of a client who is receiving tube feeding includes:

The American Medical Association recommends that trace elements added to parenteral nutrition solutions should include:

Subjective global assessment relies on information from:

In critically ill patients, tolerance of enteral tube feedings is generally best when feedings are:

During critical illness, plasma levels of the hepatic proteins (albumin, transferrin, and prealbumin) generally indicate:

Energy needs may be 50% to 100% above basal energy expenditure in patients with:

Placement of enteral feeding tubes should be confirmed using:

The nutrient density of most commercial enteral formulas is:

Complications associated with parenteral nutrition include:

During the first 24 hours of TPN formula administration, the amount of carbohydrate infused should not exceed:

The form of protein used in standard parenteral nutrition solutions is:

If a tube-fed patient has blood glucose values higher than 200 mg/dL, he or she should be given:

The preferred route for long-term enteral feeding is:

Signs of overhydration include:

The Mifflin-St. Jeor equations for calculating basal energy expenditure are based on:

Peripheral parenteral nutrition is appropriate when the patient requires parenteral nutrition for less than:

Nutrition and Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Vitamins

Minerals and Water

Energy Balance

Food Selection and Food Safety

Community Nutrition: Promoting Healthy Eating

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition for Normal Growth and Development

Nutrition for Adults: Early, Middle, and Later Years

Nutrition and Physical Fitness

The Complexity of Obesity: Beyond Energy Balance

Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Therapy in Patient Care

Metabolic Stress

Drug-Nutrient Interactions

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Lungs

Diabetes Mellitus

Renal Disease

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Aids

Cancer

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