Question 1

Young and middle adults are most likely to have inadequate intakes of:

Accepted Answer

A)  milk and dairy products. 
B)  fruits and vegetables. 
C)  breads and cereals. 
D)  meat, poultry, and fish. 
A)  milk and dairy products. 
B)  fruits and vegetables. 
C)  breads and cereals. 
D)  meat, poultry, and fish.

Question 2

The Elderly Nutrition Program provides congregate or home-delivered meals for adults who:

Accepted Answer

A)  have low incomes. 
B)  are age 60 and older. 
C)  are at risk for malnutrition. 
D)  have overt malnutrition. 
A)  have low incomes. 
B)  are age 60 and older. 
C)  are at risk for malnutrition. 
D)  have overt malnutrition.

Question 3

Older adults need increased amounts of:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A. 
B)  vitamin C. 
C)  niacin. 
D)  vitamin D. 
A)  vitamin A. 
B)  vitamin C. 
C)  niacin. 
D)  vitamin D.

Question 4

A disorder that may make food preparation difficult for older adults is:

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes. 
B)  cardiovascular disease. 
C)  high blood pressure. 
D)  Parkinson's disease. 
A)  diabetes. 
B)  cardiovascular disease. 
C)  high blood pressure. 
D)  Parkinson's disease.

Question 5

After age 50, the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for calcium increases for:

Accepted Answer

A)  women only. 
B)  men only. 
C)  neither men nor women. 
D)  both men and women. 
A)  women only. 
B)  men only. 
C)  neither men nor women. 
D)  both men and women.

Question 6

Older adults have lower energy requirements than younger adults because they have:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased interest in food. 
B)  fewer family demands. 
C)  reduced physical activity. 
D)  fewer living companions. 
A)  decreased interest in food. 
B)  fewer family demands. 
C)  reduced physical activity. 
D)  fewer living companions.

Question 7

Malnutrition in older adults is linked to:

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiovascular disease. 
B)  increased blood pressure levels. 
C)  arthritis. 
D)  poor immune function. 
A)  cardiovascular disease. 
B)  increased blood pressure levels. 
C)  arthritis. 
D)  poor immune function.

Question 8

The type of exercise that helps to increase and maintain muscle mass is:

Accepted Answer

A)  endurance exercise. 
B)  aerobic exercise. 
C)  resistance exercise. 
D)  stretching. 
A)  endurance exercise. 
B)  aerobic exercise. 
C)  resistance exercise. 
D)  stretching.

Question 9

The goal of nutrition screening for older adults is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  treat overt malnutrition. 
B)  identify those at risk for malnutrition. 
C)  evaluate nutritional status. 
D)  determine supplement needs. 
A)  treat overt malnutrition. 
B)  identify those at risk for malnutrition. 
C)  evaluate nutritional status. 
D)  determine supplement needs.

Question 10

Decreased production of gastric acid in older adults may interfere with absorption of:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin D. 
B)  essential fatty acids. 
C)  vitamin B₁₂. 
D)  calcium. 
A)  vitamin D. 
B)  essential fatty acids. 
C)  vitamin B₁₂. 
D)  calcium.

Question 11

The most marked difference between adults in the oldest-old group compared to those in the youngest group is in their:

Accepted Answer

A)  nutrient ingestion. 
B)  body size. 
C)  nutrient absorption. 
D)  use of dietary supplements. 
A)  nutrient ingestion. 
B)  body size. 
C)  nutrient absorption. 
D)  use of dietary supplements.

Question 12

Recent research data indicate that older adults may enjoy maximum life expectancy if they are:

Accepted Answer

A)  greatly underweight. 
B)  somewhat underweight. 
C)  slightly overweight. 
D)  greatly overweight. 
A)  greatly underweight. 
B)  somewhat underweight. 
C)  slightly overweight. 
D)  greatly overweight.

Question 13

Health messages that encourage reducing fat intake and portion sizes and selecting low-calorie snacks may be inappropriate for:

Accepted Answer

A)  young adults. 
B)  middle adults. 
C)  older adults. 
D)  all adults. 
A)  young adults. 
B)  middle adults. 
C)  older adults. 
D)  all adults.

Question 14

Older adults should make sure that their diets include sufficient:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium. 
B)  magnesium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  iron. 
A)  sodium. 
B)  magnesium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  iron.

Question 15

Adequate dietary fat is important for older adults to:

Accepted Answer

A)  spare protein and muscle mass. 
B)  add palatability and flavor to food. 
C)  help reduce the need for laxatives. 
D)  facilitate absorption of calcium. 
A)  spare protein and muscle mass. 
B)  add palatability and flavor to food. 
C)  help reduce the need for laxatives. 
D)  facilitate absorption of calcium.

Question 16

A factor that influences the protein needs of older adults is:

Accepted Answer

A)  health status. 
B)  cost of protein foods. 
C)  fat intake. 
D)  specific age of the person. 
A)  health status. 
B)  cost of protein foods. 
C)  fat intake. 
D)  specific age of the person.

Question 17

Sadness or depression in young adults may lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)  social and economic pressures. 
B)  risky health behaviors. 
C)  excessive weight loss. 
D)  early memory loss. 
A)  social and economic pressures. 
B)  risky health behaviors. 
C)  excessive weight loss. 
D)  early memory loss.

Question 18

If an older adult is maintaining weight within normal limits, it can be concluded that his or her caloric intake is:

Accepted Answer

A)  too high. 
B)  too low. 
C)  about right. 
D)  very constant. 
A)  too high. 
B)  too low. 
C)  about right. 
D)  very constant.

Question 19

The major factors that influence physical aging and quality of life are:

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological and developmental factors. 
B)  genetic and environmental factors. 
C)  social and political factors. 
D)  emotional and intellectual factors. 
A)  psychological and developmental factors. 
B)  genetic and environmental factors. 
C)  social and political factors. 
D)  emotional and intellectual factors.

Question 20

Nutrient supplementation for older adults should be used:

Accepted Answer

A)  upon individual assessment of need. 
B)  on a regular basis. 
C)  following any kind of illness. 
D)  for those living alone. 
A)  upon individual assessment of need. 
B)  on a regular basis. 
C)  following any kind of illness. 
D)  for those living alone.

Exam 13: Nutrition for Adults: Early, Middle, and Later Years

Young and middle adults are most likely to have inadequate intakes of:

The Elderly Nutrition Program provides congregate or home-delivered meals for adults who:

Older adults need increased amounts of:

A disorder that may make food preparation difficult for older adults is:

After age 50, the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for calcium increases for:

Older adults have lower energy requirements than younger adults because they have:

Malnutrition in older adults is linked to:

The type of exercise that helps to increase and maintain muscle mass is:

The goal of nutrition screening for older adults is to:

Decreased production of gastric acid in older adults may interfere with absorption of:

The most marked difference between adults in the oldest-old group compared to those in the youngest group is in their:

Recent research data indicate that older adults may enjoy maximum life expectancy if they are:

Health messages that encourage reducing fat intake and portion sizes and selecting low-calorie snacks may be inappropriate for:

Older adults should make sure that their diets include sufficient:

Adequate dietary fat is important for older adults to:

A factor that influences the protein needs of older adults is:

Sadness or depression in young adults may lead to:

If an older adult is maintaining weight within normal limits, it can be concluded that his or her caloric intake is:

The major factors that influence physical aging and quality of life are:

Nutrient supplementation for older adults should be used:

Nutrition and Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Vitamins

Minerals and Water

Energy Balance

Food Selection and Food Safety

Community Nutrition: Promoting Healthy Eating

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition for Normal Growth and Development

Nutrition and Physical Fitness

The Complexity of Obesity: Beyond Energy Balance

Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Therapy in Patient Care

Metabolic Stress

Drug-Nutrient Interactions

Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Lungs

Diabetes Mellitus

Renal Disease

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Aids

Cancer

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