Question 1

Binding agents such as oxalic acid and phytic acid inhibit absorption of:

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  fluoride. 
D)  calcium. 
A)  potassium. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  fluoride. 
D)  calcium.

Question 2

The term used to denote concentration of electrolytes in a given volume of fluid is:

Accepted Answer

A)  valence. 
B)  milliequivalent. 
C)  gram molecular weight. 
D)  pH. 
A)  valence. 
B)  milliequivalent. 
C)  gram molecular weight. 
D)  pH.

Question 3

Solutes found in body fluids that influence movement of water include plasma proteins, glucose, and:

Accepted Answer

A)  electrolytes. 
B)  minerals. 
C)  vitamins. 
D)  calcium. 
A)  electrolytes. 
B)  minerals. 
C)  vitamins. 
D)  calcium.

Question 4

Minerals in extracellular fluid that regulate water balance are:

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium and potassium. 
B)  sodium and chloride. 
C)  phosphorus and magnesium. 
D)  iron and zinc. 
A)  calcium and potassium. 
B)  sodium and chloride. 
C)  phosphorus and magnesium. 
D)  iron and zinc.

Question 5

Two important physiologic functions of phosphorus are:

Accepted Answer

A)  general metabolism and bone formation. 
B)  heme formation and hormone synthesis. 
C)  acid-base balance and detoxification. 
D)  synthesis and absorption of fatty acids. 
A)  general metabolism and bone formation. 
B)  heme formation and hormone synthesis. 
C)  acid-base balance and detoxification. 
D)  synthesis and absorption of fatty acids.

Question 6

Factors that favor absorption of iron include:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A. 
B)  vitamin C. 
C)  zinc. 
D)  intestinal flora. 
A)  vitamin A. 
B)  vitamin C. 
C)  zinc. 
D)  intestinal flora.

Question 7

Studies suggest that an increase in potassium intake can:

Accepted Answer

A)  lower blood triglycerides. 
B)  lower blood pressure. 
C)  raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. 
D)  raise blood sugar levels. 
A)  lower blood triglycerides. 
B)  lower blood pressure. 
C)  raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. 
D)  raise blood sugar levels.

Question 8

Trace minerals are called "trace" because they are:

Accepted Answer

A)  less important than other minerals. 
B)  found in a limited number of food sources. 
C)  found in small quantities in the body. 
D)  difficult to analyze in the laboratory. 
A)  less important than other minerals. 
B)  found in a limited number of food sources. 
C)  found in small quantities in the body. 
D)  difficult to analyze in the laboratory.

Question 9

The action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney will result in:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium retention. 
B)  water excretion. 
C)  sodium excretion. 
D)  water retention. 
A)  sodium retention. 
B)  water excretion. 
C)  sodium excretion. 
D)  water retention.

Question 10

A health problem that can lead to hypokalemia is:

Accepted Answer

A)  dependence on vitamin supplements. 
B)  dependence on caffeinated beverages. 
C)  myocardial infarction. 
D)  diabetic acidosis. 
A)  dependence on vitamin supplements. 
B)  dependence on caffeinated beverages. 
C)  myocardial infarction. 
D)  diabetic acidosis.

Question 11

A condition that is a serious complication of an elevated serum potassium level is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium imbalance. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  muscle irritability. 
D)  vomiting. 
A)  sodium imbalance. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  muscle irritability. 
D)  vomiting.

Question 12

Hormones that are involved in maintaining calcium balance in the body include calcitonin, calcitriol, and:

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroxine. 
B)  parathyroid hormone. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  epinephrine. 
A)  thyroxine. 
B)  parathyroid hormone. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  epinephrine.

Question 13

Hypokalemia may occur as the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive sodium intake. 
B)  prolonged diarrhea. 
C)  the use of multivitamins. 
D)  prolonged immobilization. 
A)  excessive sodium intake. 
B)  prolonged diarrhea. 
C)  the use of multivitamins. 
D)  prolonged immobilization.

Question 14

The extracellular fluid compartment contains blood plasma, dense tissue fluid, interstitial fluid, and:

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic water. 
B)  fluid within cells. 
C)  secretory fluid. 
D)  sweat. 
A)  metabolic water. 
B)  fluid within cells. 
C)  secretory fluid. 
D)  sweat.

Question 15

Physiologic functions of potassium include:

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-base balance. 
B)  regulation of insulin production. 
C)  monitoring sodium excretion. 
D)  formation of hemoglobin. 
A)  acid-base balance. 
B)  regulation of insulin production. 
C)  monitoring sodium excretion. 
D)  formation of hemoglobin.

Question 16

When a person experiences impairment of taste, the condition is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypogeusia. 
B)  hyposomia. 
C)  hypostasis. 
D)  hypothermia. 
A)  hypogeusia. 
B)  hyposomia. 
C)  hypostasis. 
D)  hypothermia.

Question 17

A factor that serves as the mechanism for regulating excretion of sodium from the body is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of water consumed. 
B)  body pH. 
C)  the hormone aldosterone. 
D)  vitamin D activity. 
A)  the amount of water consumed. 
B)  body pH. 
C)  the hormone aldosterone. 
D)  vitamin D activity.

Question 18

The minerals involved in hemoglobin synthesis are:

Accepted Answer

A)  molybdenum and cadmium. 
B)  magnesium and manganese. 
C)  iron and zinc. 
D)  iron and copper. 
A)  molybdenum and cadmium. 
B)  magnesium and manganese. 
C)  iron and zinc. 
D)  iron and copper.

Question 19

The amino acids that contain sulfur are:

Accepted Answer

A)  phenylalanine and lysine. 
B)  threonine and tyrosine. 
C)  methionine and cysteine. 
D)  leucine and tryptophan. 
A)  phenylalanine and lysine. 
B)  threonine and tyrosine. 
C)  methionine and cysteine. 
D)  leucine and tryptophan.

Question 20

The percentage of body water in the average person is:

Accepted Answer

A)  40% to 50%. 
B)  50% to 60%. 
C)  60% to 70%. 
D)  70% to 80%. 
A)  40% to 50%. 
B)  50% to 60%. 
C)  60% to 70%. 
D)  70% to 80%.

Exam 7: Minerals and Water

Binding agents such as oxalic acid and phytic acid inhibit absorption of:

The term used to denote concentration of electrolytes in a given volume of fluid is:

Solutes found in body fluids that influence movement of water include plasma proteins, glucose, and:

Minerals in extracellular fluid that regulate water balance are:

Two important physiologic functions of phosphorus are:

Factors that favor absorption of iron include:

Studies suggest that an increase in potassium intake can:

Trace minerals are called "trace" because they are:

The action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney will result in:

A health problem that can lead to hypokalemia is:

A condition that is a serious complication of an elevated serum potassium level is:

Hormones that are involved in maintaining calcium balance in the body include calcitonin, calcitriol, and:

Hypokalemia may occur as the result of:

The extracellular fluid compartment contains blood plasma, dense tissue fluid, interstitial fluid, and:

Physiologic functions of potassium include:

When a person experiences impairment of taste, the condition is known as:

A factor that serves as the mechanism for regulating excretion of sodium from the body is:

The minerals involved in hemoglobin synthesis are:

The amino acids that contain sulfur are:

The percentage of body water in the average person is:

Nutrition and Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

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Proteins

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Energy Balance

Food Selection and Food Safety

Community Nutrition: Promoting Healthy Eating

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

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Nutrition and Physical Fitness

The Complexity of Obesity: Beyond Energy Balance

Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Therapy in Patient Care

Metabolic Stress

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Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

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