Question 1

Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonic stenosis 
B)  Tricuspid atresia 
C)  Atrial septal defect 
D)  Transposition of the great arteries 
A)  Pulmonic stenosis 
B)  Tricuspid atresia 
C)  Atrial septal defect 
D)  Transposition of the great arteries

Question 2

When preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery,what should the nurse consider?

Accepted Answer

A)  Don't show the child unfamiliar equipment. 
B)  Let the child hear the sounds of an electrocardiograph monitor. 
C)  Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions. 
D)  Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well. 
A)  Don't show the child unfamiliar equipment. 
B)  Let the child hear the sounds of an electrocardiograph monitor. 
C)  Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions. 
D)  Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well.

Question 3

A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting.While an airway is being established,what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
B)  Dopamine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Calcium chloride 
A)  Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
B)  Dopamine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Calcium chloride

Question 4

Which one of the following is best described as the heart's inability to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary congestion 
B)  Congenital heart defect 
C)  Heart failure 
D)  Systemic venous congestion 
A)  Pulmonary congestion 
B)  Congenital heart defect 
C)  Heart failure 
D)  Systemic venous congestion

Question 5

Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to see as shock progresses and becomes decompensated shock in a child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thirst and diminished urinary output 
B)  Irritability and apprehension 
C)  Tachypnea and poor capillary refill time 
D)  Normal blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure 
A)  Thirst and diminished urinary output 
B)  Irritability and apprehension 
C)  Tachypnea and poor capillary refill time 
D)  Normal blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure

Question 6

Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
B)  Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
C)  Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy 
D)  Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy 
A)  Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
B)  Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy 
C)  Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy 
D)  Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect.The nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes)exists.What is an important objective to decrease this risk?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minimize seizures. 
B)  Prevent dehydration. 
C)  Promote cardiac output. 
D)  Reduce energy expenditure. 
A)  Minimize seizures. 
B)  Prevent dehydration. 
C)  Promote cardiac output. 
D)  Reduce energy expenditure.

Question 8

What should the nurse do when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Perform suctioning at least every hour. 
B)  Suction for no longer than 30 seconds at a time. 
C)  Administer supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning. 
D)  Expect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning. 
A)  Perform suctioning at least every hour. 
B)  Suction for no longer than 30 seconds at a time. 
C)  Administer supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning. 
D)  Expect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning.

Question 9

Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion.What knowledge should inform the nurse's reply?

Accepted Answer

A)  The child needs opportunities to play with peers. 
B)  The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous. 
C)  Parents can meet all the child's needs. 
D)  Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion. 
A)  The child needs opportunities to play with peers. 
B)  The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous. 
C)  Parents can meet all the child's needs. 
D)  Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion.

Question 10

The parents of a young child with congestive heart failure tell the nurse that they are "nervous" about giving digoxin.What knowledge should the nurse include in her response?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a safe, frequently used drug. 
B)  It is difficult to either overmedicate or undermedicate with digoxin. 
C)  Parents lack the expertise necessary to administer digoxin. 
D)  Parents must learn specific, important guidelines for administration of digoxin. 
A)  It is a safe, frequently used drug. 
B)  It is difficult to either overmedicate or undermedicate with digoxin. 
C)  Parents lack the expertise necessary to administer digoxin. 
D)  Parents must learn specific, important guidelines for administration of digoxin.

Question 11

What is the name of the painful,pea-sized nodules that may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osler nodes 
B)  Janeway lesions 
C)  Subcutaneous nodules 
D)  Aschoff nodes 
A)  Osler nodes 
B)  Janeway lesions 
C)  Subcutaneous nodules 
D)  Aschoff nodes

Question 12

What is the most important thing for the nurse to know when caring for a child with Kawasaki disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  The child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. 
B)  The principal area of involvement is the joints. 
C)  Aspirin is contraindicated. 
D)  Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin. 
A)  The child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. 
B)  The principal area of involvement is the joints. 
C)  Aspirin is contraindicated. 
D)  Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.

Question 13

Which one of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a child after a cardiac catheterization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allow ambulation as tolerated. 
B)  Monitor vital signs every 2 hours. 
C)  Assess the affected extremity for temperature and colour. 
D)  Check pulses above the catheterization site for equality and symmetry. 
A)  Allow ambulation as tolerated. 
B)  Monitor vital signs every 2 hours. 
C)  Assess the affected extremity for temperature and colour. 
D)  Check pulses above the catheterization site for equality and symmetry.

Question 14

A chest x-ray is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems.The child's parent asks the nurse,"What will the radiograph show about the heart?" What knowledge about the x-ray film should the nurse base her response upon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will show the bones of the chest but not the heart. 
B)  It will measure electrical potential generated by the heart muscle. 
C)  It will provide a permanent record of heart size and configuration. 
D)  It will provide a computerized image of heart vessels and tissues. 
A)  It will show the bones of the chest but not the heart. 
B)  It will measure electrical potential generated by the heart muscle. 
C)  It will provide a permanent record of heart size and configuration. 
D)  It will provide a computerized image of heart vessels and tissues.

Question 15

What is one important thing the nurse should do when removing chest tubes from a child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain that it is not painful. 
B)  Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed. 
C)  Administer analgesics before the procedure. 
D)  Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal. 
A)  Explain that it is not painful. 
B)  Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed. 
C)  Administer analgesics before the procedure. 
D)  Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal.

Exam 48: Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?

When preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery,what should the nurse consider?

A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting.While an airway is being established,what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration?

Which one of the following is best described as the heart's inability to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to see as shock progresses and becomes decompensated shock in a child?

Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect.The nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes)exists.What is an important objective to decrease this risk?

What should the nurse do when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery?

Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion.What knowledge should inform the nurse's reply?

The parents of a young child with congestive heart failure tell the nurse that they are "nervous" about giving digoxin.What knowledge should the nurse include in her response?

What is the name of the painful,pea-sized nodules that may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis?

What is the most important thing for the nurse to know when caring for a child with Kawasaki disease?

Which one of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a child after a cardiac catheterization?

A chest x-ray is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems.The child's parent asks the nurse,"What will the radiograph show about the heart?" What knowledge about the x-ray film should the nurse base her response upon?

What is one important thing the nurse should do when removing chest tubes from a child?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

The Family and Culture

Community Care

Health Promotion

Health Assessment

Reproductive Health

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Preconception, genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy Risk Factors and Assessment: Maternal and Fetal

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Pre-Existing Conditions

Labour and Birth Processes

Comfort Measures for Labour

Fetal Health Surveillance During Labour

Nursing Care During Labour and Birth

Labour and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiological Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing in Canada

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, disability, and End-Of-Life Care

Cognitive and Sensory Impairment

Family-Centred Home Care

Reaction to Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Hematological and Immunological Dysfunction

Genitourinary Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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