Question 1

The nurse is preparing a child for possible alopecia from chemotherapy.What information should he include?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain to the child that hair usually regrows in 1 year. 
B)  Advise the child to expose the head to sunlight to minimize alopecia. 
C)  Explain to the child that wearing a hat or scarf is preferable to wearing a wig. 
D)  Explain to the child that when hair regrows it may have a slightly different colour or texture. 
A)  Explain to the child that hair usually regrows in 1 year. 
B)  Advise the child to expose the head to sunlight to minimize alopecia. 
C)  Explain to the child that wearing a hat or scarf is preferable to wearing a wig. 
D)  Explain to the child that when hair regrows it may have a slightly different colour or texture. D

Question 2

The parents of a child hospitalized with sickle cell anemia tell the nurse that they are concerned about narcotic analgesics causing addiction.What should the nurse explain about narcotic analgesics?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are often ordered but not usually needed. 
B)  They rarely cause addiction because they are medically indicated. 
C)  They are given as a last resort because of the threat of addiction. 
D)  They are used only if other measures, such as ice packs, are ineffective. 
A)  They are often ordered but not usually needed. 
B)  They rarely cause addiction because they are medically indicated. 
C)  They are given as a last resort because of the threat of addiction. 
D)  They are used only if other measures, such as ice packs, are ineffective. B

Question 3

Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect when a child with sickle cell anemia experiences an acute vaso-occlusive crisis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Circulatory collapse 
B)  Cardiomegaly, systolic murmurs 
C)  Hepatomegaly, intrahepatic cholestasis 
D)  Painful swelling of hands and feet, painful joints 
A)  Circulatory collapse 
B)  Cardiomegaly, systolic murmurs 
C)  Hepatomegaly, intrahepatic cholestasis 
D)  Painful swelling of hands and feet, painful joints D

Question 4

Which statement best describes b-thalassemia major ( Cooley's anemia )?

Accepted Answer

A)  All formed elements of the blood are depressed. 
B)  An inadequate number of red blood cells are present. 
C)  Increased incidence occurs in families of Mediterranean extraction. 
D)  Increased incidence occurs in families of West African descent. 
A)  All formed elements of the blood are depressed. 
B)  An inadequate number of red blood cells are present. 
C)  Increased incidence occurs in families of Mediterranean extraction. 
D)  Increased incidence occurs in families of West African descent.

Question 5

A boy with leukemia screams whenever he needs to be turned or moved.What is the most probable cause of his pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Edema 
B)  Bone involvement 
C)  Petechial hemorrhages 
D)  Changes within the muscles 
A)  Edema 
B)  Bone involvement 
C)  Petechial hemorrhages 
D)  Changes within the muscles

Question 6

What is the name of the condition in which the normal,adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aplastic anemia 
B)  Sickle cell anemia 
C)  Hemophilia 
D)  Iron-deficiency anemia 
A)  Aplastic anemia 
B)  Sickle cell anemia 
C)  Hemophilia 
D)  Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 7

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activity intolerance related to generalized weakness 
B)  Decreased cardiac output related to abnormal hemoglobin 
C)  Risk for injury related to depressed sensorium 
D)  Risk for injury related to dehydration and abnormal hemoglobin 
A)  Activity intolerance related to generalized weakness 
B)  Decreased cardiac output related to abnormal hemoglobin 
C)  Risk for injury related to depressed sensorium 
D)  Risk for injury related to dehydration and abnormal hemoglobin

Question 8

What is one possible cause of acquired aplastic anemia in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drugs 
B)  Injury 
C)  Deficient diet 
D)  Congenital defect 
A)  Drugs 
B)  Injury 
C)  Deficient diet 
D)  Congenital defect

Question 9

A young boy will receive a bone marrow transplant (BMT),which is possible because one of his older siblings is a histocompatible donor.What is the term for this type of BMT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Syngeneic 
B)  Allogeneic 
C)  Monoclonal 
D)  Autologous 
A)  Syngeneic 
B)  Allogeneic 
C)  Monoclonal 
D)  Autologous

Question 10

What is often administered to prevent or control hemorrhage in a child with cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrosoureas 
B)  Platelets 
C)  Whole blood 
D)  Corticosteroids 
A)  Nitrosoureas 
B)  Platelets 
C)  Whole blood 
D)  Corticosteroids

Question 11

Which of the following statements accurately describes most cases of hemophilia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autosomal dominant disorder causing deficiency in a factor involved in the blood-clotting reaction 
B)  X-linked recessive inherited disorder causing deficiency of platelets and prolonged bleeding 
C)  X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is deficient 
D)  Y-linked recessive inherited disorder in which the red blood cells become moon-shaped 
A)  Autosomal dominant disorder causing deficiency in a factor involved in the blood-clotting reaction 
B)  X-linked recessive inherited disorder causing deficiency of platelets and prolonged bleeding 
C)  X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is deficient 
D)  Y-linked recessive inherited disorder in which the red blood cells become moon-shaped

Question 12

Myelosuppression associated with chemotherapeutic agents or some malignancies such as leukemia can cause bleeding tendencies because of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in leukocytes 
B)  Increase in lymphocytes 
C)  Vitamin C deficiency 
D)  Decrease in blood platelets 
A)  Decrease in leukocytes 
B)  Increase in lymphocytes 
C)  Vitamin C deficiency 
D)  Decrease in blood platelets

Question 13

Several blood tests are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia.She is crying and upset because she remembers the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days ago.What should the nurse explain to the child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venipuncture discomfort is very brief. 
B)  Only one venipuncture will be needed. 
C)  Topical application of local anaesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain. 
D)  Most blood tests on children require only a finger puncture because a small amount of blood is needed. 
A)  Venipuncture discomfort is very brief. 
B)  Only one venipuncture will be needed. 
C)  Topical application of local anaesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain. 
D)  Most blood tests on children require only a finger puncture because a small amount of blood is needed.

Question 14

An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain,dyspnea,distended neck veins,slight cyanosis,and a dry cough.What are these manifestations most suggestive of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Air emboli 
B)  Allergic reaction 
C)  Hemolytic reaction 
D)  Circulatory overload 
A)  Air emboli 
B)  Allergic reaction 
C)  Hemolytic reaction 
D)  Circulatory overload

Question 15

Which one of the following statements accurately describes anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased blood viscosity 
B)  Depressed hematopoietic system 
C)  Presence of abnormal hemoglobin 
D)  Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood 
A)  Increased blood viscosity 
B)  Depressed hematopoietic system 
C)  Presence of abnormal hemoglobin 
D)  Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

Question 16

Several complications can occur when a child receives a blood transfusion.What is one immediate sign or symptom of an air embolus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chills and shaking 
B)  Nausea and vomiting 
C)  Irregular heart rate 
D)  Sudden difficulty in breathing 
A)  Chills and shaking 
B)  Nausea and vomiting 
C)  Irregular heart rate 
D)  Sudden difficulty in breathing

Question 17

The nurse is planning care for an adolescent with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.What is the priority nursing goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prevent infection. 
B)  Prevent secondary cancers. 
C)  Restore immunologic defences. 
D)  Identify the source of infection. 
A)  Prevent infection. 
B)  Prevent secondary cancers. 
C)  Restore immunologic defences. 
D)  Identify the source of infection.

Question 18

In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aplastic anemia 
B)  Sickle cell anemia 
C)  Thalassemia major 
D)  Iron deficiency anemia 
A)  Aplastic anemia 
B)  Sickle cell anemia 
C)  Thalassemia major 
D)  Iron deficiency anemia

Question 19

What information should the nurse include when teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant about administering liquid iron preparations?

Accepted Answer

A)  They should be given with meals. 
B)  They should be stopped immediately if nausea and vomiting occur. 
C)  Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green colour. 
D)  The preparation should be allowed to mix with saliva and bathe the teeth before swallowing. 
A)  They should be given with meals. 
B)  They should be stopped immediately if nausea and vomiting occur. 
C)  Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green colour. 
D)  The preparation should be allowed to mix with saliva and bathe the teeth before swallowing.

Question 20

A young child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is receiving several antiretroviral drugs.What do these drugs do for the child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cure the disease. 
B)  Delay the disease's progression. 
C)  Prevent the spread of the disease. 
D)  Treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. 
A)  Cure the disease. 
B)  Delay the disease's progression. 
C)  Prevent the spread of the disease. 
D)  Treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Exam 49: Hematological and Immunological Dysfunction

The nurse is preparing a child for possible alopecia from chemotherapy.What information should he include?

The parents of a child hospitalized with sickle cell anemia tell the nurse that they are concerned about narcotic analgesics causing addiction.What should the nurse explain about narcotic analgesics?

Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect when a child with sickle cell anemia experiences an acute vaso-occlusive crisis?

Which statement best describes b-thalassemia major ( Cooley's anemia )?

A boy with leukemia screams whenever he needs to be turned or moved.What is the most probable cause of his pain?

What is the name of the condition in which the normal,adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin?

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with anemia?

What is one possible cause of acquired aplastic anemia in children?

A young boy will receive a bone marrow transplant (BMT),which is possible because one of his older siblings is a histocompatible donor.What is the term for this type of BMT?

What is often administered to prevent or control hemorrhage in a child with cancer?

Which of the following statements accurately describes most cases of hemophilia?

Myelosuppression associated with chemotherapeutic agents or some malignancies such as leukemia can cause bleeding tendencies because of which of the following?

Several blood tests are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia.She is crying and upset because she remembers the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days ago.What should the nurse explain to the child?

An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain,dyspnea,distended neck veins,slight cyanosis,and a dry cough.What are these manifestations most suggestive of?

Which one of the following statements accurately describes anemia?

Several complications can occur when a child receives a blood transfusion.What is one immediate sign or symptom of an air embolus?

The nurse is planning care for an adolescent with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.What is the priority nursing goal?

In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

What information should the nurse include when teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant about administering liquid iron preparations?

A young child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is receiving several antiretroviral drugs.What do these drugs do for the child?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

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