Question 1

With regard to factors that affect how the fetus moves through the birth canal,nurses should be aware of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fetal attitude describes the angle at which the fetus exits the uterus. 
B)  Of the two primary fetal lies, the horizontal lie is that in which the long axis of the fetus is parallel to the long axis of the mother. 
C)  The normal attitude of the fetus is called general flexion. 
D)  The transverse lie is preferred for vaginal birth. 
A)  The fetal attitude describes the angle at which the fetus exits the uterus. 
B)  Of the two primary fetal lies, the horizontal lie is that in which the long axis of the fetus is parallel to the long axis of the mother. 
C)  The normal attitude of the fetus is called general flexion. 
D)  The transverse lie is preferred for vaginal birth. C

Question 2

Which presentation is described accurately in terms of both presenting part and frequency of occurrence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cephalic: occiput; at least 95% 
B)  Breech: sacrum; 10% to 15% 
C)  Shoulder: scapula; 10% to 15% 
D)  Cephalic: cranial; 80% to 85% 
A)  Cephalic: occiput; at least 95% 
B)  Breech: sacrum; 10% to 15% 
C)  Shoulder: scapula; 10% to 15% 
D)  Cephalic: cranial; 80% to 85% A

Question 3

When assessing a woman in labour,the nurse is aware that the relationship of the fetal body parts to one another is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lie 
B)  Presentation 
C)  Attitude 
D)  Position 
A)  Lie 
B)  Presentation 
C)  Attitude 
D)  Position C

Question 4

Which of the following factors influences cervical dilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The size of the fetus 
B)  The diameters of the bony pelvis 
C)  The size of the female 
D)  The pressure applied by the amniotic sac 
A)  The size of the fetus 
B)  The diameters of the bony pelvis 
C)  The size of the female 
D)  The pressure applied by the amniotic sac

Question 5

What should the nurse know with regard to primary and secondary powers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary powers are responsible for effacement and dilation of the cervix. 
B)  Effacement generally is well ahead of dilation in women giving birth for the first time; effacement and dilation are more together in subsequent pregnancies. 
C)  Scarring of the cervix caused by a previous infection or surgery may make the delivery a bit more painful, but it should not slow or inhibit dilation. 
D)  Pushing in the second stage of labour is more effective if the woman can breathe deeply and control some of her involuntary needs to push, as the nurse directs. 
A)  Primary powers are responsible for effacement and dilation of the cervix. 
B)  Effacement generally is well ahead of dilation in women giving birth for the first time; effacement and dilation are more together in subsequent pregnancies. 
C)  Scarring of the cervix caused by a previous infection or surgery may make the delivery a bit more painful, but it should not slow or inhibit dilation. 
D)  Pushing in the second stage of labour is more effective if the woman can breathe deeply and control some of her involuntary needs to push, as the nurse directs.

Question 6

What should the nurse teach the woman about her position during labour?

Accepted Answer

A)  The supine position commonly used in North America increases blood flow. 
B)  The "all fours" position, on her hands and knees, is hard on her back. 
C)  Frequent changes in position will help relieve her fatigue and increase her comfort. 
D)  In a sitting or squatting position her abdominal muscles will have to work harder. 
A)  The supine position commonly used in North America increases blood flow. 
B)  The "all fours" position, on her hands and knees, is hard on her back. 
C)  Frequent changes in position will help relieve her fatigue and increase her comfort. 
D)  In a sitting or squatting position her abdominal muscles will have to work harder.

Question 7

Which position would be least effective when gravity is needed to assist in fetal descent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lithotomy 
B)  Kneeling 
C)  Sitting 
D)  Walking 
A)  Lithotomy 
B)  Kneeling 
C)  Sitting 
D)  Walking

Question 8

The nurse would expect which maternal cardiovascular finding during labour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased cardiac output 
B)  Decreased pulse rate 
C)  Decreased white blood cell ( WBC ) count 
D)  Decreased blood pressure 
A)  Increased cardiac output 
B)  Decreased pulse rate 
C)  Decreased white blood cell ( WBC ) count 
D)  Decreased blood pressure

Question 9

What should the nurse be aware of to accurately assess the health of the mother during labour?

Accepted Answer

A)  The woman's blood pressure will increase during contractions and fall back to prelabour normal between contractions. 
B)  Use of the Valsalva manoeuvre is encouraged during the second stage of labour to relieve fetal hypoxia. 
C)  Having the woman point her toes will reduce leg cramps. 
D)  The endogenous endorphins released during labour will raise the woman's pain threshold and produce sedation. 
A)  The woman's blood pressure will increase during contractions and fall back to prelabour normal between contractions. 
B)  Use of the Valsalva manoeuvre is encouraged during the second stage of labour to relieve fetal hypoxia. 
C)  Having the woman point her toes will reduce leg cramps. 
D)  The endogenous endorphins released during labour will raise the woman's pain threshold and produce sedation.

Question 10

To adequately care for a labouring woman,the nurse should know that which stage of labour varies most in length?

Accepted Answer

A)  First 
B)  Second 
C)  Third 
D)  Fourth 
A)  First 
B)  Second 
C)  Third 
D)  Fourth

Question 11

Which of the following may be a sign that precedes labour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lightening 
B)  Exhaustion 
C)  Weight gain 
D)  Decreased fetal movement 
A)  Lightening 
B)  Exhaustion 
C)  Weight gain 
D)  Decreased fetal movement

Question 12

When assessing the fetus using Leopold manoeuvres,the nurse feels a round,firm,movable fetal part in the fundal portion of the uterus and a long,smooth surface in the mother's right side close to midline.What is the likely position of the fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  ROA 
B)  LSP 
C)  RSA 
D)  LOA 
A)  ROA 
B)  LSP 
C)  RSA 
D)  LOA

Question 13

A new mother asks the nurse when the "soft spot" on her son's head will go away.The nurse's answer is based on the knowledge that the anterior fontanel closes how many months after birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 months 
B)  8 months 
C)  12 months 
D)  18 months 
A)  2 months 
B)  8 months 
C)  12 months 
D)  18 months

Question 14

Which description of the four stages of labour is correct for both definition and duration?

Accepted Answer

A)  First stage: onset of regular uterine contractions to full dilation; less than 1 hour to 18 hours 
B)  Second stage: full effacement to 4 to 5 cm; visible presenting part; 1 to 2 hours 
C)  Third state: active pushing to birth; 20 minutes ( multipara ), 50 minutes ( primipara ) 
D)  Fourth stage: delivery of the placenta to recovery; 30 minutes to 1 hour 
A)  First stage: onset of regular uterine contractions to full dilation; less than 1 hour to 18 hours 
B)  Second stage: full effacement to 4 to 5 cm; visible presenting part; 1 to 2 hours 
C)  Third state: active pushing to birth; 20 minutes ( multipara ), 50 minutes ( primipara ) 
D)  Fourth stage: delivery of the placenta to recovery; 30 minutes to 1 hour

Question 15

The nurse has received a report about a woman in labour.The woman's last vaginal examination was recorded as 3 cm,30%,and -2.What is the nurse's interpretation of this assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cervix is effaced 3 cm, it is dilated 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm above the ischial spines. 
B)  The cervix is 3 cm dilated, it is effaced 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm above the ischial spines. 
C)  The cervix is effaced 3 cm, it is dilated 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm below the ischial spines. 
D)  The cervix is dilated 3 cm, it is effaced 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm below the ischial spines. 
A)  The cervix is effaced 3 cm, it is dilated 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm above the ischial spines. 
B)  The cervix is 3 cm dilated, it is effaced 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm above the ischial spines. 
C)  The cervix is effaced 3 cm, it is dilated 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm below the ischial spines. 
D)  The cervix is dilated 3 cm, it is effaced 30%, and the presenting part is 2 cm below the ischial spines.

Question 16

Which basic type of pelvis includes the correct description and percentage of occurrence in women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gynecoid: classic female; heart shaped; 75% 
B)  Android: resembling the male; wider oval; 15% 
C)  Anthropoid: resembling the ape; narrower; 10% 
D)  Platypelloid: flattened, wide, shallow; 3% 
A)  Gynecoid: classic female; heart shaped; 75% 
B)  Android: resembling the male; wider oval; 15% 
C)  Anthropoid: resembling the ape; narrower; 10% 
D)  Platypelloid: flattened, wide, shallow; 3%

Question 17

Which of the following represents one of the factors that affect the process of labour and birth,known commonly as the five P's?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pelvic diameters 
B)  Position 
C)  Powers 
D)  Pressure 
A)  Pelvic diameters 
B)  Position 
C)  Powers 
D)  Pressure

Question 18

What should the nurse be aware of with regard to fetal positioning during labour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Position is a measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal. 
B)  Birth is imminent when the presenting part is at +4 to +5 cm, below the spine. 
C)  The largest transverse diameter of the presenting part is the suboccipitobregmatic diameter. 
D)  Engagement is the term used to describe the beginning of labour. 
A)  Position is a measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal. 
B)  Birth is imminent when the presenting part is at +4 to +5 cm, below the spine. 
C)  The largest transverse diameter of the presenting part is the suboccipitobregmatic diameter. 
D)  Engagement is the term used to describe the beginning of labour.

Question 19

What is the term for the slight overlapping of cranial bones or shaping of the fetal head during labour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lightening 
B)  Moulding 
C)  Ferguson reflex 
D)  Valsalva manoeuvre 
A)  Lightening 
B)  Moulding 
C)  Ferguson reflex 
D)  Valsalva manoeuvre

Question 20

Which position would the nurse suggest for second-stage labour if the pelvic outlet needs to be increased?

Accepted Answer

A)  Semirecumbent 
B)  Sitting 
C)  Squatting 
D)  Side-lying 
A)  Semirecumbent 
B)  Sitting 
C)  Squatting 
D)  Side-lying

Exam 15: Labour and Birth Processes

With regard to factors that affect how the fetus moves through the birth canal,nurses should be aware of which of the following?

Which presentation is described accurately in terms of both presenting part and frequency of occurrence?

When assessing a woman in labour,the nurse is aware that the relationship of the fetal body parts to one another is referred to as which of the following?

Which of the following factors influences cervical dilation?

What should the nurse know with regard to primary and secondary powers?

What should the nurse teach the woman about her position during labour?

Which position would be least effective when gravity is needed to assist in fetal descent?

The nurse would expect which maternal cardiovascular finding during labour?

What should the nurse be aware of to accurately assess the health of the mother during labour?

To adequately care for a labouring woman,the nurse should know that which stage of labour varies most in length?

Which of the following may be a sign that precedes labour?

When assessing the fetus using Leopold manoeuvres,the nurse feels a round,firm,movable fetal part in the fundal portion of the uterus and a long,smooth surface in the mother's right side close to midline.What is the likely position of the fetus?

A new mother asks the nurse when the "soft spot" on her son's head will go away.The nurse's answer is based on the knowledge that the anterior fontanel closes how many months after birth?

Which description of the four stages of labour is correct for both definition and duration?

The nurse has received a report about a woman in labour.The woman's last vaginal examination was recorded as 3 cm,30%,and -2.What is the nurse's interpretation of this assessment?

Which basic type of pelvis includes the correct description and percentage of occurrence in women?

Which of the following represents one of the factors that affect the process of labour and birth,known commonly as the five P's?

What should the nurse be aware of with regard to fetal positioning during labour?

What is the term for the slight overlapping of cranial bones or shaping of the fetal head during labour?

Which position would the nurse suggest for second-stage labour if the pelvic outlet needs to be increased?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

The Family and Culture

Community Care

Health Promotion

Health Assessment

Reproductive Health

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Preconception, genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

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Pregnancy Risk Factors and Assessment: Maternal and Fetal

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Pre-Existing Conditions

Comfort Measures for Labour

Fetal Health Surveillance During Labour

Nursing Care During Labour and Birth

Labour and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiological Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing in Canada

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

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Communication, history, physical, and Developmental Assessment

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Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

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