Question 1

What is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyelonephritis 
B)  Tubular destruction 
C)  Urinary tract obstruction 
D)  Severe dehydration 
A)  Pyelonephritis 
B)  Tubular destruction 
C)  Urinary tract obstruction 
D)  Severe dehydration D

Question 2

The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child with nephrosis to detect an early sign of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infection 
B)  Hypertension 
C)  Encephalopathy 
D)  Edema 
A)  Infection 
B)  Hypertension 
C)  Encephalopathy 
D)  Edema A

Question 3

What is one advantage of peritoneal dialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Treatments are done in hospitals. 
B)  Protein loss is less extensive. 
C)  Dietary limitations are not necessary. 
D)  Parents and older children can perform treatments. 
A)  Treatments are done in hospitals. 
B)  Protein loss is less extensive. 
C)  Dietary limitations are not necessary. 
D)  Parents and older children can perform treatments. D

Question 4

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis.The child seems to always be angry,hostile,or depressed.The nurse should recognize that this is most likely related to what issue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurological manifestations that occur with dialysis 
B)  Physiological manifestations of renal disease 
C)  Adolescents have few coping mechanisms. 
D)  Adolescents often resent the control and enforced dependence imposed by dialysis. 
A)  Neurological manifestations that occur with dialysis 
B)  Physiological manifestations of renal disease 
C)  Adolescents have few coping mechanisms. 
D)  Adolescents often resent the control and enforced dependence imposed by dialysis.

Question 5

Which clinical manifestation is seen in a child with chronic renal failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypotension 
B)  Massive hematuria 
C)  Hypokalemia 
D)  Unpleasant "uremic" breath odour 
A)  Hypotension 
B)  Massive hematuria 
C)  Hypokalemia 
D)  Unpleasant "uremic" breath odour

Question 6

Which statement describes renal transplantation in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an acceptable means of treatment after age 10 years. 
B)  It is the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children. 
C)  Children can receive kidneys only from other children. 
D)  The decision for transplantation is difficult since a relatively normal lifestyle is not possible. 
A)  It is an acceptable means of treatment after age 10 years. 
B)  It is the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children. 
C)  Children can receive kidneys only from other children. 
D)  The decision for transplantation is difficult since a relatively normal lifestyle is not possible.

Question 7

Therapeutic management of nephrosis includes which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corticosteroids 
B)  Antihypertensive agents 
C)  Long-term diuretics 
D)  Increased fluids to promote diuresis 
A)  Corticosteroids 
B)  Antihypertensive agents 
C)  Long-term diuretics 
D)  Increased fluids to promote diuresis

Question 8

Which diagnostic test provides images of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposing them to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal ultrasound 
B)  Computed tomography 
C)  Intravenous pyelography 
D)  Voiding cystourethrography 
A)  Renal ultrasound 
B)  Computed tomography 
C)  Intravenous pyelography 
D)  Voiding cystourethrography

Question 9

What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wear cotton underpants. 
B)  Limit bathing as much as possible. 
C)  Increase fluids and decrease salt intake. 
D)  Cleanse the perineum with water after voiding. 
A)  Wear cotton underpants. 
B)  Limit bathing as much as possible. 
C)  Increase fluids and decrease salt intake. 
D)  Cleanse the perineum with water after voiding.

Question 10

What is the narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chordee 
B)  Phimosis 
C)  Epispadias 
D)  Hypospadias 
A)  Chordee 
B)  Phimosis 
C)  Epispadias 
D)  Hypospadias

Question 11

What is a major complication in a child with chronic renal failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypokalemia 
B)  Metabolic alkalosis 
C)  Water and sodium retention 
D)  Excessive excretion of blood urea nitrogen 
A)  Hypokalemia 
B)  Metabolic alkalosis 
C)  Water and sodium retention 
D)  Excessive excretion of blood urea nitrogen

Question 12

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis.What does the nurse expect the urinalysis to show during this acute phase?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteriuria, hematuria 
B)  Hematuria, proteinuria 
C)  Bacteriuria, increased specific gravity 
D)  Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity 
A)  Bacteriuria, hematuria 
B)  Hematuria, proteinuria 
C)  Bacteriuria, increased specific gravity 
D)  Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity

Question 13

What is the purpose of administering calcium carbonate with meals to a child with chronic renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  It prevents vomiting. 
B)  It binds phosphorus. 
C)  It stimulates the appetite. 
D)  It increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. 
A)  It prevents vomiting. 
B)  It binds phosphorus. 
C)  It stimulates the appetite. 
D)  It increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

Question 14

What is the term for inflammation of the bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cystitis 
B)  Urosepsis 
C)  Urethritis 
D)  Bacteriuria 
A)  Cystitis 
B)  Urosepsis 
C)  Urethritis 
D)  Bacteriuria

Question 15

What is an important objective of care for a child with nephrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduce blood pressure. 
B)  Reduce excretion of urinary protein. 
C)  Increase excretion of urinary protein. 
D)  Increase the ability of tissues to retain fluid. 
A)  Reduce blood pressure. 
B)  Reduce excretion of urinary protein. 
C)  Increase excretion of urinary protein. 
D)  Increase the ability of tissues to retain fluid.

Question 16

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Risk for injury related to malignant process and treatment 
B)  Deficient fluid volume related to excessive losses 
C)  Excess fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration 
D)  Excess fluid volume related to fluid accumulation in tissues and third spaces 
A)  Risk for injury related to malignant process and treatment 
B)  Deficient fluid volume related to excessive losses 
C)  Excess fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration 
D)  Excess fluid volume related to fluid accumulation in tissues and third spaces

Question 17

The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection.Which clinical manifestation does she observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vomiting 
B)  Jaundice 
C)  Back pain 
D)  Swelling of the face 
A)  Vomiting 
B)  Jaundice 
C)  Back pain 
D)  Swelling of the face

Question 18

The diet of a child with chronic renal failure is usually characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  High in protein 
B)  Low in vitamin D 
C)  Low in phosphorus 
D)  Supplemented with vitamins A, E, and K 
A)  High in protein 
B)  Low in vitamin D 
C)  Low in phosphorus 
D)  Supplemented with vitamins A, E, and K

Question 19

The nurse is caring for a child with acute renal failure.What clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as a sign of hyperkalemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dyspnea 
B)  Seizure 
C)  Oliguria 
D)  Cardiac arrhythmia 
A)  Dyspnea 
B)  Seizure 
C)  Oliguria 
D)  Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 20

What is hypospadias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absence of a urethral opening 
B)  Penis shorter than usual for age 
C)  Urethral opening along dorsal surface of penis 
D)  Urethral opening along ventral surface of penis 
A)  Absence of a urethral opening 
B)  Penis shorter than usual for age 
C)  Urethral opening along dorsal surface of penis 
D)  Urethral opening along ventral surface of penis

Exam 50: Genitourinary Dysfunction

What is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children?

The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child with nephrosis to detect an early sign of which of the following?

What is one advantage of peritoneal dialysis?

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis.The child seems to always be angry,hostile,or depressed.The nurse should recognize that this is most likely related to what issue?

Which clinical manifestation is seen in a child with chronic renal failure?

Which statement describes renal transplantation in children?

Therapeutic management of nephrosis includes which one of the following?

Which diagnostic test provides images of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposing them to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?

What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

What is the narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin called?

What is a major complication in a child with chronic renal failure?

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis.What does the nurse expect the urinalysis to show during this acute phase?

What is the purpose of administering calcium carbonate with meals to a child with chronic renal disease?

What is the term for inflammation of the bladder?

What is an important objective of care for a child with nephrosis?

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection.Which clinical manifestation does she observe?

The diet of a child with chronic renal failure is usually characterized by which of the following?

The nurse is caring for a child with acute renal failure.What clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as a sign of hyperkalemia?

What is hypospadias?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

The Family and Culture

Community Care

Health Promotion

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Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Preconception, genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

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Pregnancy Risk Factors and Assessment: Maternal and Fetal

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Pre-Existing Conditions

Labour and Birth Processes

Comfort Measures for Labour

Fetal Health Surveillance During Labour

Nursing Care During Labour and Birth

Labour and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiological Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing in Canada

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, disability, and End-Of-Life Care

Cognitive and Sensory Impairment

Family-Centred Home Care

Reaction to Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Hematological and Immunological Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

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