Exam 27: Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The nurse knows that the most common time frame for the development of necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC )in the term infant is which of the following?

An infant is being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit after 70 days of hospitalization.The infant was born at 30 weeks of gestation with several conditions associated with prematurity,including respiratory distress syndrome,mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia,and retinopathy of prematurity requiring surgical treatment.During discharge teaching the infant's mother asks the nurse if her baby will meet developmental milestones on time,as did her son who was born at term.Which is the nurse's most appropriate response?

In the continuing assessment of a preterm infant,the nurse notices continued respiratory distress even though oxygen and ventilation have been provided.What should the nurse suspect?

A newborn was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit after being delivered at 29 weeks of gestation to a 28-year-old multiparous,married,white female whose pregnancy was uncomplicated until premature rupture of membranes and preterm birth occurred.The newborn's parents arrive for their first visit after the birth.The parents walk toward the bedside but remain approximately 3 metres away from the bed.What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

The nurse knows that infants of mothers with diabetes (IDMs)are at higher risk for developing which of the following?

A pregnant woman was admitted for induction of labour at 43 weeks of gestation with sure dates.A nonstress test (NST)in the obstetrician's office revealed a nonreactive tracing.On artificial rupture of membranes,thick,meconium-stained fluid was noted.What should the nurse caring for the infant after birth anticipate?

How are preterm and postterm infants defined?

As a result of large body surface in relation to weight,the preterm infant is at high risk for heat loss and cold stress.By understanding the four mechanisms of heat transfer (convection,conduction,radiation,and evaporation),the nurse can create an environment for the infant that prevents temperature instability.While evaluating the plan that has been implemented,the nurse knows that the infant is experiencing cold stress when he or she exhibits which of the following?

An infant was born 2 hours ago at 37 weeks of gestation,weighing 4.1 kg.The infant appears chubby with a flushed complexion and is jittery.What would the nurse suspect is occurring with this infant?

What should the nurse know with regard to appraising the growth and development potential of a preterm infant?

The nurse practising in the perinatal setting should promote kangaroo care,regardless of an infant's gestational age.What should the nurse know about this intervention?

A premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome receives artificial surfactant.How would the nurse explain surfactant therapy to the parents?

An infant is to receive gastrostomy feedings.What intervention should the nurse institute to prevent bloating,gastrointestinal reflux into the esophagus,vomiting,and respiratory compromise?

Necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC )is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal mucosa.What are some of the generalized signs associated with NEC?

On day 3 of life,a newborn continues to require 100% oxygen by nasal cannula.The parents ask if they can hold their infant during his next gavage feeding.Given that this newborn is physiologically stable,what response would the nurse give?

What should nurses be aware of with regard to small-for-gestational-age ( SGA )infants and intrauterine growth restrictions ( IUGR )?

An infant at 36 weeks of gestation has increasing respirations (80 to 100 breaths/min with marked substernal retractions).The infant is given oxygen by continuous nasal positive airway pressure.Which arterial oxygen level would indicate hypoxia?

When providing an infant with a gavage feeding,which of the following should be documented each time?

An infant at 26 weeks of gestation arrives from the delivery room intubated.The nurse weighs the infant,places him under the radiant warmer,and attaches him to the ventilator at the prescribed settings.A pulse oximeter and cardiorespiratory monitor are placed.The pulse oximeter is recording oxygen saturations of 80%.The prescribed saturations are 92%.What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

A macrosomic infant is born after a difficult forceps-assisted delivery.After stabilization the infant is weighed,and the birth weight is 455 g.What is the nurse's most appropriate action?