Question 1

Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery,a young child has a temperature of 37.7°C.What should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keep the child warm with blankets. 
B)  Apply a hypothermia blanket. 
C)  Record the temperature on the nurses' notes. 
D)  Report these findings to the physician. 
A)  Keep the child warm with blankets. 
B)  Apply a hypothermia blanket. 
C)  Record the temperature on the nurses' notes. 
D)  Report these findings to the physician. D

Question 2

José is a 4-year-old child scheduled for a cardiac catheterization.Which statement reflects the correct way for the nurse to provide preoperative teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  It should be given to his parents because he is too young to understand. 
B)  It should be detailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect. 
C)  It should be done several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared. 
D)  It should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand. 
A)  It should be given to his parents because he is too young to understand. 
B)  It should be detailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect. 
C)  It should be done several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared. 
D)  It should be adapted to his level of development so that he can understand. D

Question 3

What is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyarthritis 
B)  Osler nodes 
C)  Janeway spots 
D)  Splinter hemorrhages of the distal third of nails 
A)  Polyarthritis 
B)  Osler nodes 
C)  Janeway spots 
D)  Splinter hemorrhages of the distal third of nails A

Question 4

Which complication may occur after a cardiac catheterization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transient dysrhythmias 
B)  Hypostatic pneumonia 
C)  Congestive heart failure 
D)  Rapidly increasing blood pressure 
A)  Transient dysrhythmias 
B)  Hypostatic pneumonia 
C)  Congestive heart failure 
D)  Rapidly increasing blood pressure

Question 5

What is a common,serious complication of rheumatic fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seizures 
B)  Cardiac arrhythmias 
C)  Pulmonary hypertension 
D)  Cardiac valve damage 
A)  Seizures 
B)  Cardiac arrhythmias 
C)  Pulmonary hypertension 
D)  Cardiac valve damage

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery.What should be done if there is evidence of cardiac tamponade?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase analgesia. 
B)  Apply warming blankets. 
C)  Immediately report this to the physician. 
D)  Encourage the child to cough, turn, and breathe deeply. 
A)  Increase analgesia. 
B)  Apply warming blankets. 
C)  Immediately report this to the physician. 
D)  Encourage the child to cough, turn, and breathe deeply.

Question 7

As part of the treatment for congestive heart failure,the child takes the diuretic furosemide.When teaching home care,the nurse encourages the family to give the child foods such as bananas,oranges,and leafy vegetables.What are these foods high in?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorides 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Sodium 
D)  Vitamins 
A)  Chlorides 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Sodium 
D)  Vitamins

Question 8

What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitive reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks that may occur with a drug or latex allergy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurogenic shock 
B)  Cardiogenic shock 
C)  Hypovolemic shock 
D)  Anaphylactic shock 
A)  Neurogenic shock 
B)  Cardiogenic shock 
C)  Hypovolemic shock 
D)  Anaphylactic shock

Question 9

What is the primary nursing intervention for preventing bacterial endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Institute measures to prevent dental procedures. 
B)  Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics. 
C)  Observe children for complications such as embolism and heart failure. 
D)  Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children. 
A)  Institute measures to prevent dental procedures. 
B)  Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics. 
C)  Observe children for complications such as embolism and heart failure. 
D)  Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children.

Question 10

What is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infection 
B)  Rejection 
C)  Cardiomyopathy 
D)  Congestive heart failure 
A)  Infection 
B)  Rejection 
C)  Cardiomyopathy 
D)  Congestive heart failure

Question 11

An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn.What is the nurse's initial action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assess for neurological defects. 
B)  Place the child in the knee-chest position. 
C)  Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 
D)  Prepare the family for imminent death. 
A)  Assess for neurological defects. 
B)  Place the child in the knee-chest position. 
C)  Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 
D)  Prepare the family for imminent death.

Question 12

Which one of the following drugs is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Captopril (Capoten) 
B)  Furosemide (Lasix) 
C)  Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
D)  Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 
A)  Captopril (Capoten) 
B)  Furosemide (Lasix) 
C)  Spironolactone (Aldactone) 
D)  Chlorothiazide (Diuril)

Question 13

What is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus albus 
B)  Streptococcus hemolyticus 
C)  Staphylococcus albicans 
D)  Streptococcus viridans 
A)  Staphylococcus albus 
B)  Streptococcus hemolyticus 
C)  Staphylococcus albicans 
D)  Streptococcus viridans

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization.The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood.What is the priority nursing action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Notify the physician. 
B)  Apply a new bandage with more pressure. 
C)  Place the girl in the Trendelenburg position. 
D)  Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site. 
A)  Notify the physician. 
B)  Apply a new bandage with more pressure. 
C)  Place the girl in the Trendelenburg position. 
D)  Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.

Question 15

What is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It decreases edema. 
B)  It decreases cardiac output. 
C)  It increases heart size. 
D)  It increases venous pressure. 
A)  It decreases edema. 
B)  It decreases cardiac output. 
C)  It increases heart size. 
D)  It increases venous pressure.

Question 16

Which is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sepsis 
B)  Blood loss 
C)  Anaphylaxis 
D)  Congenital heart disease 
A)  Sepsis 
B)  Blood loss 
C)  Anaphylaxis 
D)  Congenital heart disease

Question 17

What is a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachypnea 
B)  Tachycardia 
C)  Peripheral edema 
D)  Pale, cool extremities 
A)  Tachypnea 
B)  Tachycardia 
C)  Peripheral edema 
D)  Pale, cool extremities

Question 18

When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents,the nurse should explain that high levels of what substance are thought to protect against cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol 
B)  Triglycerides 
C)  Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 
D)  High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) 
A)  Cholesterol 
B)  Triglycerides 
C)  Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 
D)  High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

Question 19

Which of the following occurs in septic shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothermia 
B)  Increased cardiac output 
C)  Vasoconstriction 
D)  Angioneurotic edema 
A)  Hypothermia 
B)  Increased cardiac output 
C)  Vasoconstriction 
D)  Angioneurotic edema

Question 20

Which one of the following is a common sign of digoxin toxicity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seizures 
B)  Vomiting 
C)  Bradypnea 
D)  Tachycardia 
A)  Seizures 
B)  Vomiting 
C)  Bradypnea 
D)  Tachycardia

Exam 48: Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery,a young child has a temperature of 37.7°C.What should the nurse do?

José is a 4-year-old child scheduled for a cardiac catheterization.Which statement reflects the correct way for the nurse to provide preoperative teaching?

What is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever?

Which complication may occur after a cardiac catheterization?

What is a common,serious complication of rheumatic fever?

The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery.What should be done if there is evidence of cardiac tamponade?

As part of the treatment for congestive heart failure,the child takes the diuretic furosemide.When teaching home care,the nurse encourages the family to give the child foods such as bananas,oranges,and leafy vegetables.What are these foods high in?

What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitive reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks that may occur with a drug or latex allergy?

What is the primary nursing intervention for preventing bacterial endocarditis?

What is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation?

An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn.What is the nurse's initial action?

Which one of the following drugs is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor?

What is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?

The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization.The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood.What is the priority nursing action?

What is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)?

Which is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children?

What is a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with heart failure?

When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents,the nurse should explain that high levels of what substance are thought to protect against cardiovascular disease?

Which of the following occurs in septic shock?

Which one of the following is a common sign of digoxin toxicity?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

The Family and Culture

Community Care

Health Promotion

Health Assessment

Reproductive Health

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Preconception, genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

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Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy Risk Factors and Assessment: Maternal and Fetal

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Pre-Existing Conditions

Labour and Birth Processes

Comfort Measures for Labour

Fetal Health Surveillance During Labour

Nursing Care During Labour and Birth

Labour and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiological Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing in Canada

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, disability, and End-Of-Life Care

Cognitive and Sensory Impairment

Family-Centred Home Care

Reaction to Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Hematological and Immunological Dysfunction

Genitourinary Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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