Question 1

What term is used to describe a fracture that does not produce a break in the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple 
B)  Compound 
C)  Complicated 
D)  Comminuted 
A)  Simple 
B)  Compound 
C)  Complicated 
D)  Comminuted A

Question 2

What effect does immobilization have on the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venous stasis 
B)  Increased vasopressor mechanism 
C)  Normal distribution of blood volume 
D)  Increased efficiency of orthostatic neurovascular reflexes 
A)  Venous stasis 
B)  Increased vasopressor mechanism 
C)  Normal distribution of blood volume 
D)  Increased efficiency of orthostatic neurovascular reflexes A

Question 3

What is an important nursing consideration when caring for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA )?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply ice packs to relieve stiffness and pain. 
B)  Administer acetaminophen to reduce inflammation. 
C)  Teach the child and family the correct administration of medications. 
D)  Encourage range-of-motion exercises during periods of inflammation. 
A)  Apply ice packs to relieve stiffness and pain. 
B)  Administer acetaminophen to reduce inflammation. 
C)  Teach the child and family the correct administration of medications. 
D)  Encourage range-of-motion exercises during periods of inflammation. C

Question 4

When does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable?

Accepted Answer

A)  During the newborn period 
B)  When the child starts to walk 
C)  During the preadolescent growth spurt 
D)  In adolescence 
A)  During the newborn period 
B)  When the child starts to walk 
C)  During the preadolescent growth spurt 
D)  In adolescence

Question 5

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 7-year-old child who has just had a cast applied to a fractured arm with the wrist and elbow immobilized.What instruction should she include in the discharge information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Swelling of the fingers is to be expected for the next 48 hours. 
B)  Immobilize the shoulder to decrease pain in the arm. 
C)  Allow the affected limb to hang down for 1 hour each day. 
D)  Elevate the casted arm when resting and sitting up. 
A)  Swelling of the fingers is to be expected for the next 48 hours. 
B)  Immobilize the shoulder to decrease pain in the arm. 
C)  Allow the affected limb to hang down for 1 hour each day. 
D)  Elevate the casted arm when resting and sitting up.

Question 6

What effect does immobilization have on metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes hypocalcemia. 
B)  It causes a decreased metabolic rate. 
C)  It causes a positive nitrogen balance. 
D)  It causes increased production of stress hormones. 
A)  It causes hypocalcemia. 
B)  It causes a decreased metabolic rate. 
C)  It causes a positive nitrogen balance. 
D)  It causes increased production of stress hormones.

Question 7

A young girl has just injured her ankle at school.In addition to calling the child's parents,what is the school nurse's most appropriate,immediate action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply ice. 
B)  Observe the ankle for edema and discolouration. 
C)  Encourage the child to assume a comfortable position. 
D)  Obtain parental permission for administration of acetaminophen or aspirin. 
A)  Apply ice. 
B)  Observe the ankle for edema and discolouration. 
C)  Encourage the child to assume a comfortable position. 
D)  Obtain parental permission for administration of acetaminophen or aspirin.

Question 8

Four-year-old David is placed in Buck extension traction for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.He is crying with pain as the nurse assesses that the skin of his right foot is pale with an absence of pulse.What should the nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Notify the practitioner of the changes noted. 
B)  Give the child medication to relieve the pain. 
C)  Reposition the child and notify the physician. 
D)  Chart the observations and check the extremity again in 15 minutes. 
A)  Notify the practitioner of the changes noted. 
B)  Give the child medication to relieve the pain. 
C)  Reposition the child and notify the physician. 
D)  Chart the observations and check the extremity again in 15 minutes.

Question 9

A neonate is born with mild clubfeet.What should the nurse explain to the parents when they ask how this will be corrected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traction is tried first. 
B)  Surgical intervention is needed. 
C)  Frequent, serial casting is tried first. 
D)  Children outgrow this condition when they learn to walk. 
A)  Traction is tried first. 
B)  Surgical intervention is needed. 
C)  Frequent, serial casting is tried first. 
D)  Children outgrow this condition when they learn to walk.

Question 10

Which one of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for a child in traction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Remove adhesive traction straps daily to prevent skin breakdown. 
B)  Assess for tightness, weakness, or contractures in uninvolved joints and muscles. 
C)  Provide active range-of-motion exercises to affected extremity three times a day. 
D)  Keep the child in one position to maintain good alignment. 
A)  Remove adhesive traction straps daily to prevent skin breakdown. 
B)  Assess for tightness, weakness, or contractures in uninvolved joints and muscles. 
C)  Provide active range-of-motion exercises to affected extremity three times a day. 
D)  Keep the child in one position to maintain good alignment.

Question 11

Which type of traction uses skin traction on the lower leg and a padded sling under the knee?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dunlop 
B)  Bryant 
C)  Russell 
D)  Buck extension 
A)  Dunlop 
B)  Bryant 
C)  Russell 
D)  Buck extension

Question 12

Which medication is usually tried first when a child is diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA )?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aspirin 
B)  Corticosteroids 
C)  Cytotoxic drugs such as methotrexate 
D)  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs ) 
A)  Aspirin 
B)  Corticosteroids 
C)  Cytotoxic drugs such as methotrexate 
D)  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs )

Question 13

What is the primary method for treating osteomyelitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joint replacement 
B)  Bracing and casting 
C)  Intravenous antibiotic therapy 
D)  Long-term corticosteroid therapy 
A)  Joint replacement 
B)  Bracing and casting 
C)  Intravenous antibiotic therapy 
D)  Long-term corticosteroid therapy

Question 14

Why does a nurse use the palms of his hands when handling a wet cast?

Accepted Answer

A)  To assess the dryness of the cast 
B)  To facilitate easy turning 
C)  To keep the patient's limb balanced 
D)  To avoid indenting the cast 
A)  To assess the dryness of the cast 
B)  To facilitate easy turning 
C)  To keep the patient's limb balanced 
D)  To avoid indenting the cast

Question 15

Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in children.What is the most common primary tumour site?

Accepted Answer

A)  Femur 
B)  Humerus 
C)  Pelvis 
D)  Tibia 
A)  Femur 
B)  Humerus 
C)  Pelvis 
D)  Tibia

Question 16

What sentence is most descriptive of the therapeutic management of osteosarcoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy. 
B)  Amputation of the affected extremity is rarely necessary. 
C)  Intensive irradiation is the primary treatment. 
D)  Bone marrow transplantation offers the best chance of long-term survival. 
A)  Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy. 
B)  Amputation of the affected extremity is rarely necessary. 
C)  Intensive irradiation is the primary treatment. 
D)  Bone marrow transplantation offers the best chance of long-term survival.

Question 17

What is one advantage to using a fibreglass cast instead of a plaster one?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is less expensive. 
B)  It dries rapidly. 
C)  It moulds closely to body parts. 
D)  It has a smooth exterior. 
A)  It is less expensive. 
B)  It dries rapidly. 
C)  It moulds closely to body parts. 
D)  It has a smooth exterior.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip.What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive Ortolani click 
B)  Lordosis 
C)  Negative Babinski sign 
D)  Telescoping of the affected limb 
A)  Positive Ortolani click 
B)  Lordosis 
C)  Negative Babinski sign 
D)  Telescoping of the affected limb

Question 19

The nurse is teaching a family how to care for their infant in a Pavlik harness to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip.What should be included in this teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply lotion or powder to minimize skin irritation. 
B)  Remove the harness several times a day to prevent contractures. 
C)  Return to the clinic every week for assessment. 
D)  Place a diaper over the harness, preferably using a superabsorbent disposable diaper that is relatively thin. 
A)  Apply lotion or powder to minimize skin irritation. 
B)  Remove the harness several times a day to prevent contractures. 
C)  Return to the clinic every week for assessment. 
D)  Place a diaper over the harness, preferably using a superabsorbent disposable diaper that is relatively thin.

Question 20

What causes a nurse to suspect that an infection has developed under a cast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complaint of paresthesia 
B)  Cold toes 
C)  Increased respirations 
D)  Hot spots on the cast's surface 
A)  Complaint of paresthesia 
B)  Cold toes 
C)  Increased respirations 
D)  Hot spots on the cast's surface

Exam 54: Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

What term is used to describe a fracture that does not produce a break in the skin?

What effect does immobilization have on the cardiovascular system?

What is an important nursing consideration when caring for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA )?

When does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable?

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 7-year-old child who has just had a cast applied to a fractured arm with the wrist and elbow immobilized.What instruction should she include in the discharge information?

What effect does immobilization have on metabolism?

A young girl has just injured her ankle at school.In addition to calling the child's parents,what is the school nurse's most appropriate,immediate action?

Four-year-old David is placed in Buck extension traction for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.He is crying with pain as the nurse assesses that the skin of his right foot is pale with an absence of pulse.What should the nurse do first?

A neonate is born with mild clubfeet.What should the nurse explain to the parents when they ask how this will be corrected?

Which one of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for a child in traction?

Which type of traction uses skin traction on the lower leg and a padded sling under the knee?

Which medication is usually tried first when a child is diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA )?

What is the primary method for treating osteomyelitis?

Why does a nurse use the palms of his hands when handling a wet cast?

Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in children.What is the most common primary tumour site?

What sentence is most descriptive of the therapeutic management of osteosarcoma?

What is one advantage to using a fibreglass cast instead of a plaster one?

The nurse is caring for an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip.What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?

The nurse is teaching a family how to care for their infant in a Pavlik harness to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip.What should be included in this teaching?

What causes a nurse to suspect that an infection has developed under a cast?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

The Family and Culture

Community Care

Health Promotion

Health Assessment

Reproductive Health

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Preconception, genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy Risk Factors and Assessment: Maternal and Fetal

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Pre-Existing Conditions

Labour and Birth Processes

Comfort Measures for Labour

Fetal Health Surveillance During Labour

Nursing Care During Labour and Birth

Labour and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiological Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing in Canada

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, disability, and End-Of-Life Care

Cognitive and Sensory Impairment

Family-Centred Home Care

Reaction to Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Hematological and Immunological Dysfunction

Genitourinary Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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