Question 1

What is the first treatment a nurse provides in the therapeutic management of a child with acute diarrhea and dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clear liquids 
B)  Adsorbents such as kaolin and pectin 
C)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
D)  Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric 
A)  Clear liquids 
B)  Adsorbents such as kaolin and pectin 
C)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
D)  Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric

Question 2

A histamine-receptor antagonist such as cimetidine ( Tagamet )or ranitidine ( Zantac )is ordered for an infant with gastroesophageal reflux disease.What is the purpose of this drug?

Accepted Answer

A)  It prevents reflux. 
B)  It prevents hematemesis. 
C)  It reduces gastric acid production. 
D)  It increases gastric acid production. 
A)  It prevents reflux. 
B)  It prevents hematemesis. 
C)  It reduces gastric acid production. 
D)  It increases gastric acid production.

Question 3

When caring for a child with probable appendicitis,the nurse should watch for which one of the following as a sign of perforation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Anorexia 
C)  Sudden relief from pain 
D)  Decreased abdominal distension 
A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Anorexia 
C)  Sudden relief from pain 
D)  Decreased abdominal distension

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a boy with probable intussusception.He had diarrhea before admission but,while waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intussusception,he passes a normal brown stool.What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Notify the practitioner. 
B)  Measure abdominal girth. 
C)  Auscultate for bowel sounds. 
D)  Take vital signs, including blood pressure. 
A)  Notify the practitioner. 
B)  Measure abdominal girth. 
C)  Auscultate for bowel sounds. 
D)  Take vital signs, including blood pressure.

Question 5

An infant with short bowel syndrome will be discharged home on total parenteral nutrition (TPN)and gastrostomy feedings.What should nursing care include?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prepare the family for impending death. 
B)  Teach the family to watch for signs of central venous catheter infection. 
C)  Teach the family how to calculate caloric needs. 
D)  Secure TPN and gastrostomy tubing under the diaper, to lessen risk of dislodgment. 
A)  Prepare the family for impending death. 
B)  Teach the family to watch for signs of central venous catheter infection. 
C)  Teach the family how to calculate caloric needs. 
D)  Secure TPN and gastrostomy tubing under the diaper, to lessen risk of dislodgment.

Question 6

A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung's disease is hospitalized for surgery.A temporary colostomy will be necessary.What should the nurse recognize about preparing this child psychologically for surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is not necessary because of child's age. 
B)  It is not necessary because the colostomy is temporary. 
C)  It is necessary because it will require the child's adjustment. 
D)  It is necessary because the child must deal with a negative body image. 
A)  It is not necessary because of child's age. 
B)  It is not necessary because the colostomy is temporary. 
C)  It is necessary because it will require the child's adjustment. 
D)  It is necessary because the child must deal with a negative body image.

Question 7

A stool specimen from a child with diarrhea shows the presence of neutrophils and red blood cells.These results are most suggestive of what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein intolerance 
B)  Parasitic infection 
C)  Fat malabsorption 
D)  Bacterial gastroenteritis 
A)  Protein intolerance 
B)  Parasitic infection 
C)  Fat malabsorption 
D)  Bacterial gastroenteritis

Question 8

Which clinical manifestation indicates acute appendicitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rebound tenderness 
B)  Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding 
C)  Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating 
D)  Abdominal pain that is most intense at the McBurney point 
A)  Rebound tenderness 
B)  Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding 
C)  Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating 
D)  Abdominal pain that is most intense at the McBurney point

Question 9

What disorder is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal (GI)tract from mouth to anus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crohn's disease 
B)  Ulcerative colitis 
C)  Meckel's diverticulum 
D)  Irritable bowel syndrome 
A)  Crohn's disease 
B)  Ulcerative colitis 
C)  Meckel's diverticulum 
D)  Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 10

What type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hiatal hernia 
B)  Incarcerated hernia 
C)  Omphalocele 
D)  Strangulated hernia 
A)  Hiatal hernia 
B)  Incarcerated hernia 
C)  Omphalocele 
D)  Strangulated hernia

Question 11

The nurse is caring for an infant whose cleft lip was repaired. What interventions should the nurse provide for this infant postoperatively?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arm restraints, postural drainage, mouth irrigations 
B)  Cleansing suture line, supine and side-lying positions, elbow restraints 
C)  Mouth irrigations, prone position, cleansing suture line 
D)  Supine and side-lying positions, postural drainage, elbow restraints 
A)  Arm restraints, postural drainage, mouth irrigations 
B)  Cleansing suture line, supine and side-lying positions, elbow restraints 
C)  Mouth irrigations, prone position, cleansing suture line 
D)  Supine and side-lying positions, postural drainage, elbow restraints

Question 12

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor,weight loss,lethargy,and tachycardia.What are these signs suggestive of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overhydration 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Sodium excess 
D)  Potassium excess 
A)  Overhydration 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Sodium excess 
D)  Potassium excess

Question 13

Nurses must be alert for increased fluid requirements when a child has which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever 
B)  Mechanical ventilation 
C)  Congestive heart failure 
D)  Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) 
A)  Fever 
B)  Mechanical ventilation 
C)  Congestive heart failure 
D)  Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

Question 14

Which statement is true about hepatitis B?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hepatitis B cannot exist in a carrier state. 
B)  Immunity to hepatitis B does not occur after one attack. 
C)  Hepatitis B can be transferred to an infant from a breastfeeding mother. 
D)  The principal mode of transmission for hepatitis B is the fecal-oral route. 
A)  Hepatitis B cannot exist in a carrier state. 
B)  Immunity to hepatitis B does not occur after one attack. 
C)  Hepatitis B can be transferred to an infant from a breastfeeding mother. 
D)  The principal mode of transmission for hepatitis B is the fecal-oral route.

Question 15

What is the primary therapeutic management for most children with Hirschsprung's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Daily enemas 
B)  Low-fibre diet 
C)  Permanent colostomy 
D)  Surgical removal of affected section of bowel 
A)  Daily enemas 
B)  Low-fibre diet 
C)  Permanent colostomy 
D)  Surgical removal of affected section of bowel

Question 16

The nurse is caring for an infant with suspected pyloric stenosis.Which clinical manifestation indicates this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abdominal rigidity and pain on palpation 
B)  Rounded abdomen and hypoactive bowel sounds 
C)  Visible peristalsis and weight loss 
D)  Distension of lower abdomen and constipation 
A)  Abdominal rigidity and pain on palpation 
B)  Rounded abdomen and hypoactive bowel sounds 
C)  Visible peristalsis and weight loss 
D)  Distension of lower abdomen and constipation

Exam 47: Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

What is the first treatment a nurse provides in the therapeutic management of a child with acute diarrhea and dehydration?

A histamine-receptor antagonist such as cimetidine ( Tagamet )or ranitidine ( Zantac )is ordered for an infant with gastroesophageal reflux disease.What is the purpose of this drug?

When caring for a child with probable appendicitis,the nurse should watch for which one of the following as a sign of perforation?

The nurse is caring for a boy with probable intussusception.He had diarrhea before admission but,while waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intussusception,he passes a normal brown stool.What is the most appropriate nursing action?

An infant with short bowel syndrome will be discharged home on total parenteral nutrition (TPN)and gastrostomy feedings.What should nursing care include?

A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung's disease is hospitalized for surgery.A temporary colostomy will be necessary.What should the nurse recognize about preparing this child psychologically for surgery?

A stool specimen from a child with diarrhea shows the presence of neutrophils and red blood cells.These results are most suggestive of what condition?

Which clinical manifestation indicates acute appendicitis?

What disorder is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal (GI)tract from mouth to anus?

What type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

The nurse is caring for an infant whose cleft lip was repaired. What interventions should the nurse provide for this infant postoperatively?

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor,weight loss,lethargy,and tachycardia.What are these signs suggestive of?

Nurses must be alert for increased fluid requirements when a child has which one of the following?

Which statement is true about hepatitis B?

What is the primary therapeutic management for most children with Hirschsprung's disease?

The nurse is caring for an infant with suspected pyloric stenosis.Which clinical manifestation indicates this condition?

Contemporary Perinatal Nursing in Canada

The Family and Culture

Community Care

Health Promotion

Health Assessment

Reproductive Health

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Preconception, genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Pregnancy Risk Factors and Assessment: Maternal and Fetal

Pregnancy at Risk: Gestational Conditions

Pregnancy at Risk: Pre-Existing Conditions

Labour and Birth Processes

Comfort Measures for Labour

Fetal Health Surveillance During Labour

Nursing Care During Labour and Birth

Labour and Birth at Risk

Maternal Physiological Changes

Nursing Care During the Fourth Trimester

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

Infants With Gestational Age-Related Problems

The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems

Contemporary Pediatric Nursing in Canada

Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family

Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

Social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication, history, physical, and Developmental Assessment

Pain Assessment and Management

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Chronic Illness, disability, and End-Of-Life Care

Cognitive and Sensory Impairment

Family-Centred Home Care

Reaction to Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

Respiratory Dysfunction

Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Hematological and Immunological Dysfunction

Genitourinary Dysfunction

Cerebral Dysfunction

Endocrine Dysfunction

Integumentary Dysfunction

Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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