Question 1

What would be considered pragmatic considerations for the nurse researcher in determining the feasibility of a research question? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Time 
B)  Selection effects 
C)  Reactive effects 
D)  Measurement effects 
E)  Subject availability
F) Money 
A)  Time 
B)  Selection effects 
C)  Reactive effects 
D)  Measurement effects 
E)  Subject availability
F) Money

Question 2

How could a nurse researcher control for selection bias in a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  By allowing subjects to self-select into an experimental or a control group 
B)  By hand picking the subjects for the study and determining the group assignment 
C)  By using defined selection criteria for approaching potential subjects 
D)  The task of selecting subjects should not be performed by the researcher conducting the study. 
A)  By allowing subjects to self-select into an experimental or a control group 
B)  By hand picking the subjects for the study and determining the group assignment 
C)  By using defined selection criteria for approaching potential subjects 
D)  The task of selecting subjects should not be performed by the researcher conducting the study.

Question 3

How can the literature review assist a nurse researcher in selecting the appropriate design for a quantitative study?

Accepted Answer

A)  By enlarging the scope of the hypothesis 
B)  By ensuring that the researcher remains faithful to the study purpose 
C)  By allowing the researcher to compare current findings with previous findings 
D)  By providing the opportunity to determine the objectivity of the problem area 
A)  By enlarging the scope of the hypothesis 
B)  By ensuring that the researcher remains faithful to the study purpose 
C)  By allowing the researcher to compare current findings with previous findings 
D)  By providing the opportunity to determine the objectivity of the problem area

Question 4

Why should a nurse researcher consider mortality a threat to the internal validity of a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a concern that the intervention may have harmful effects. 
B)  Those who participated in the study may have died as a result of being in the study. 
C)  Those who dropped out of the study may be different from those who remained in the study. 
D)  When a study has a large number of participants who drop out of the study, the design is inappropriate for the study questions. 
A)  There is a concern that the intervention may have harmful effects. 
B)  Those who participated in the study may have died as a result of being in the study. 
C)  Those who dropped out of the study may be different from those who remained in the study. 
D)  When a study has a large number of participants who drop out of the study, the design is inappropriate for the study questions.

Question 5

A neophyte researcher is planning to write a proposal for starting a research study.The researcher is concerned about control for the quantitative design.What components should the researcher include? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Using validated, reliable collection methods 
B)  Including all age ranges of subjects 
C)  Including trained data collectors 
D)  Incorporating standardized data collection processes for each subject 
E)  Using only words for analysis 
A)  Using validated, reliable collection methods 
B)  Including all age ranges of subjects 
C)  Including trained data collectors 
D)  Incorporating standardized data collection processes for each subject 
E)  Using only words for analysis

Question 6

What type of quantitative study would lead a nurse researcher to be less concerned about the issue of control?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paper and pencil 
B)  Exploratory 
C)  Experimental 
D)  Correlational 
A)  Paper and pencil 
B)  Exploratory 
C)  Experimental 
D)  Correlational

Question 7

What condition would a nurse researcher be attempting to achieve by obtaining the required number of subjects in such a manner that each subject in a population has an equal chance of being selected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Selection bias 
B)  Convenience 
C)  Randomization 
D)  Internal reliability 
A)  Selection bias 
B)  Convenience 
C)  Randomization 
D)  Internal reliability

Question 8

Why would a nurse researcher choose to assign randomly the subjects in a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  To ensure that all groups within a study are representative of the larger population 
B)  To increase the chances that the study groups will be different from each other with regard to extraneous variables 
C)  To ensure that current events do not influence the outcomes of the study 
D)  To eliminate the need for establishing specific study criteria and subject eligibility 
A)  To ensure that all groups within a study are representative of the larger population 
B)  To increase the chances that the study groups will be different from each other with regard to extraneous variables 
C)  To ensure that current events do not influence the outcomes of the study 
D)  To eliminate the need for establishing specific study criteria and subject eligibility

Question 9

What factor(s)would be considered to be threats to internal validity? (Select all that apply).

Accepted Answer

A)  Time 
B)  Selection effects 
C)  History 
D)  Testing 
E)  Subject availability
F) Money
G) Selection bias 
A)  Time 
B)  Selection effects 
C)  History 
D)  Testing 
E)  Subject availability
F) Money
G) Selection bias

Question 10

Which factor would be considered a mediating variable among potential subjects in a study to determine whether use of high doses of vitamin C are helpful in reducing susceptibility to influenza?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gender and religion of the potential subjects 
B)  The subjects' knowledge of influenza vaccines 
C)  The subjects' use of influenza vaccines 
D)  The educational level and marital status of the potential subjects 
A)  Gender and religion of the potential subjects 
B)  The subjects' knowledge of influenza vaccines 
C)  The subjects' use of influenza vaccines 
D)  The educational level and marital status of the potential subjects

Question 11

How can a nurse researcher take action in a quantitative research study to eliminate bias on the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  By establishing strict eligibility criteria for the study participants 
B)  By ensuring that all data are collected by a single researcher 
C)  By formulating at least two hypotheses for each research question 
D)  By testing a theoretical framework 
A)  By establishing strict eligibility criteria for the study participants 
B)  By ensuring that all data are collected by a single researcher 
C)  By formulating at least two hypotheses for each research question 
D)  By testing a theoretical framework

Question 12

A nurse researcher is designing a quantitative research study involving a specific group of patients admitted to local hospitals and is assessing the feasibility of the study.Which factor negatively affects the feasibility of this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The local region has a high percentage of families that could participate in the study. 
B)  Potential study subjects represent less than 1% of hospital admissions during the year previous to the study. 
C)  Study participants who were children under the age of 5 years could not give direct informed consent to participate in the study. 
D)  A comprehensive review of the literature shows no studies were conducted that examined this question during the past 15 years. 
A)  The local region has a high percentage of families that could participate in the study. 
B)  Potential study subjects represent less than 1% of hospital admissions during the year previous to the study. 
C)  Study participants who were children under the age of 5 years could not give direct informed consent to participate in the study. 
D)  A comprehensive review of the literature shows no studies were conducted that examined this question during the past 15 years.

Question 13

What action would be the best control for a mediating variable when designing a study to determine whether a videotape format or a pamphlet is more effective in teaching young women how to perform breast self-examination (BSE)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Randomly assign subjects to the two groups. 
B)  Exclude subjects who already perform BSE on a regular basis. 
C)  Limit the study subjects to women who are heterosexual. 
D)  Determine what breast cancer means to the individual participants. 
A)  Randomly assign subjects to the two groups. 
B)  Exclude subjects who already perform BSE on a regular basis. 
C)  Limit the study subjects to women who are heterosexual. 
D)  Determine what breast cancer means to the individual participants.

What would be considered pragmatic considerations for the nurse researcher in determining the feasibility of a research question? (Select all that apply)

How could a nurse researcher control for selection bias in a study?

How can the literature review assist a nurse researcher in selecting the appropriate design for a quantitative study?

Why should a nurse researcher consider mortality a threat to the internal validity of a study?

A neophyte researcher is planning to write a proposal for starting a research study.The researcher is concerned about control for the quantitative design.What components should the researcher include? (Select all that apply.)

What type of quantitative study would lead a nurse researcher to be less concerned about the issue of control?

What condition would a nurse researcher be attempting to achieve by obtaining the required number of subjects in such a manner that each subject in a population has an equal chance of being selected?

Why would a nurse researcher choose to assign randomly the subjects in a study?

What factor(s)would be considered to be threats to internal validity? (Select all that apply).

Which factor would be considered a mediating variable among potential subjects in a study to determine whether use of high doses of vitamin C are helpful in reducing susceptibility to influenza?

How can a nurse researcher take action in a quantitative research study to eliminate bias on the dependent variable?

A nurse researcher is designing a quantitative research study involving a specific group of patients admitted to local hospitals and is assessing the feasibility of the study.Which factor negatively affects the feasibility of this study?

What action would be the best control for a mediating variable when designing a study to determine whether a videotape format or a pamphlet is more effective in teaching young women how to perform breast self-examination (BSE)?

Integrating the Processes of Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Gathering and Appraising the Literature

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data-Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Tools for Applying Evidence to Practice

Filters

Exam 7: Introduction to Quantitative Research

What would be considered pragmatic considerations for the nurse researcher in determining the feasibility of a research question? (Select all that apply)

How could a nurse researcher control for selection bias in a study?

How can the literature review assist a nurse researcher in selecting the appropriate design for a quantitative study?

Why should a nurse researcher consider mortality a threat to the internal validity of a study?

A neophyte researcher is planning to write a proposal for starting a research study.The researcher is concerned about control for the quantitative design.What components should the researcher include? (Select all that apply.)

What type of quantitative study would lead a nurse researcher to be less concerned about the issue of control?

What condition would a nurse researcher be attempting to achieve by obtaining the required number of subjects in such a manner that each subject in a population has an equal chance of being selected?

Why would a nurse researcher choose to assign randomly the subjects in a study?

What factor(s)would be considered to be threats to internal validity? (Select all that apply).

Which factor would be considered a mediating variable among potential subjects in a study to determine whether use of high doses of vitamin C are helpful in reducing susceptibility to influenza?

How can a nurse researcher take action in a quantitative research study to eliminate bias on the dependent variable?

A nurse researcher is designing a quantitative research study involving a specific group of patients admitted to local hospitals and is assessing the feasibility of the study.Which factor negatively affects the feasibility of this study?

What action would be the best control for a mediating variable when designing a study to determine whether a videotape format or a pamphlet is more effective in teaching young women how to perform breast self-examination (BSE)?

Integrating the Processes of Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Gathering and Appraising the Literature

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Qualitative Approaches to Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data-Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Tools for Applying Evidence to Practice

Filters