Question 1

What are similarities that exist between grounded theory and ethnographic studies? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants are observed in natural settings. 
B)  Researchers immerse themselves in the culture of study participants. 
C)  The studies focus on human interactions and social process. 
D)  Data gathering and data analysis occur simultaneously. 
E)  Techniques for data collection can change as the study progresses. 
A)  Participants are observed in natural settings. 
B)  Researchers immerse themselves in the culture of study participants. 
C)  The studies focus on human interactions and social process. 
D)  Data gathering and data analysis occur simultaneously. 
E)  Techniques for data collection can change as the study progresses. A,D,E

Question 2

What are characteristics of community-based participatory research (CBPR)? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  It can be used to access a community's ability to plan context-appropriate action. 
B)  It recognizes the need to keep study participants remote from certain phases of the research project. 
C)  Its end product is intended to be a conceptual framework. 
D)  Its end product is intended to be a specific change or action. 
A)  It can be used to access a community's ability to plan context-appropriate action. 
B)  It recognizes the need to keep study participants remote from certain phases of the research project. 
C)  Its end product is intended to be a conceptual framework. 
D)  Its end product is intended to be a specific change or action. A,D

Question 3

A nurse researcher critiques a phenomenologic study for appropriateness.The researcher will examine the study to see if the study: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Queried participants of the study to confirm identified themes 
B)  Documented the bracketing process used to maintain proper perspective 
C)  Described the participants' experiences in a way that rings true for a reader 
D)  Presented narrative in a way that captures everyday reality of participants 
E)  Discussed in detail the process by which identified themes emerged 
A)  Queried participants of the study to confirm identified themes 
B)  Documented the bracketing process used to maintain proper perspective 
C)  Described the participants' experiences in a way that rings true for a reader 
D)  Presented narrative in a way that captures everyday reality of participants 
E)  Discussed in detail the process by which identified themes emerged C,D

Question 4

Which qualitative research approach is most commonly used by nurse researchers for the purpose of theory building?

Accepted Answer

A)  Case study 
B)  Phenomenology 
C)  Grounded theory 
D)  Ethnographic method 
A)  Case study 
B)  Phenomenology 
C)  Grounded theory 
D)  Ethnographic method

Question 5

Why is the question used to initiate dialogue with a participant in a study using phenomenologic methods often different from the investigator's formal research question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Qualitative methodology dictates that research questions should be implied rather than explicitly stated. 
B)  The investigator needs to ensure that the initiating question is clear and understandable to the study participant. 
C)  Research questions are considered an outcome of qualitative research rather than a driving force for conduct of the study. 
D)  Research questions must be congruent with the themes and connected to the data generated by the study. 
A)  Qualitative methodology dictates that research questions should be implied rather than explicitly stated. 
B)  The investigator needs to ensure that the initiating question is clear and understandable to the study participant. 
C)  Research questions are considered an outcome of qualitative research rather than a driving force for conduct of the study. 
D)  Research questions must be congruent with the themes and connected to the data generated by the study.

Question 6

What are characteristics of CBPR? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  It can be used to access a community's ability to plan context-appropriate action. 
B)  It recognizes the need to keep study participants remote from certain phases of the research project. 
C)  Its end product is intended to be a conceptual framework. 
D)  Its end product is intended to be a specific change or action. 
E)  It is frequently considered synonymous with action research. 
A)  It can be used to access a community's ability to plan context-appropriate action. 
B)  It recognizes the need to keep study participants remote from certain phases of the research project. 
C)  Its end product is intended to be a conceptual framework. 
D)  Its end product is intended to be a specific change or action. 
E)  It is frequently considered synonymous with action research.

Question 7

In reading a report of a phenomenologic study,the nurse researcher finds direct quotes from the participants threaded throughout the narrative.What is the significance of this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The researcher is supporting his or her findings. 
B)  The researcher is attempting to make the report more personal. 
C)  The technique violates human subjects' protection. 
D)  The technique ensures that the proper level of data saturation has been reached. 
A)  The researcher is supporting his or her findings. 
B)  The researcher is attempting to make the report more personal. 
C)  The technique violates human subjects' protection. 
D)  The technique ensures that the proper level of data saturation has been reached.

Question 8

In an ethnographic study entitled "How rural Appalachian families with preschool children define and practice health," the researcher gathered data from mothers who were identified as the primary directors of health care within the family unit.What role did the mothers have in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Community informants 
B)  General informants 
C)  Local informants 
D)  Key informants 
A)  Community informants 
B)  General informants 
C)  Local informants 
D)  Key informants

Question 9

A nurse researcher conducts a grounded theory study examining the process of social support that occurs within interactions between nursing students and clinical faculty in the hospital setting.Which of the following statements would be behaviors consistent with a researcher that is conducting grounded theory research? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The researcher uses theoretical sampling. 
B)  The researcher has one set of predetermined interview questions. 
C)  The researcher visits the archives at the school of nursing. 
D)  The researcher changes approaches to data collection as data emerge. 
E)  No more than one research question is used to avoid confusing participants. 
A)  The researcher uses theoretical sampling. 
B)  The researcher has one set of predetermined interview questions. 
C)  The researcher visits the archives at the school of nursing. 
D)  The researcher changes approaches to data collection as data emerge. 
E)  No more than one research question is used to avoid confusing participants.

Question 10

A nurse researcher is critiquing a research report of a phenomenologic research study that examines the lived experience of domestic violence.Which of the following answers is consistent with elements of a qualitative research report for a phenomenologic research study? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Open-ended questions are used to ask participants to describe experiences with domestic violence. 
B)  Data from participants are presented in the form of narrative text. 
C)  The researcher details the natural setting in which fieldwork was conducted. 
D)  The data analysis section discusses use of a statistical software package. 
E)  The sampling section indicates that participants must be in unstable domestic relationships. 
A)  Open-ended questions are used to ask participants to describe experiences with domestic violence. 
B)  Data from participants are presented in the form of narrative text. 
C)  The researcher details the natural setting in which fieldwork was conducted. 
D)  The data analysis section discusses use of a statistical software package. 
E)  The sampling section indicates that participants must be in unstable domestic relationships.

Question 11

How does nursing research using a phenomenologic approach differ from more traditional forms of phenomenologic research?

Accepted Answer

A)  The results present the lived experience. 
B)  The study participants are people with illness, injury, or disease. 
C)  The focus of the study is the actual or objective phenomenon itself. 
D)  The focus is on understanding the reality of the phenomenon to the person experiencing it. 
A)  The results present the lived experience. 
B)  The study participants are people with illness, injury, or disease. 
C)  The focus of the study is the actual or objective phenomenon itself. 
D)  The focus is on understanding the reality of the phenomenon to the person experiencing it.

Question 12

What is the foundation for the grounded theory method of qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural anthropology 
B)  Spirituality and religiosity 
C)  Philosophy, art, and science 
D)  Symbolic interaction and social science 
A)  Cultural anthropology 
B)  Spirituality and religiosity 
C)  Philosophy, art, and science 
D)  Symbolic interaction and social science

Question 13

Why is the review of the literature expected to be limited in a study using grounded theory methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research using grounded theory methods is sparse. 
B)  Grounded theory is more sensitive to cultural values than to the researcher's values. 
C)  Theories are expected to emerge directly from the data and not from previous research. 
D)  Limiting the literature review ensures that the researcher's personal biases are bracketed. 
A)  Research using grounded theory methods is sparse. 
B)  Grounded theory is more sensitive to cultural values than to the researcher's values. 
C)  Theories are expected to emerge directly from the data and not from previous research. 
D)  Limiting the literature review ensures that the researcher's personal biases are bracketed.

Question 14

A nurse researcher critiques a phenomenologic study for appropriateness.The researcher will examine the study to see whether the study: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Queried participants of the study to confirm identified themes 
B)  Documented the bracketing process used to maintain proper perspective 
C)  Described the participants' experiences in a way that rings true for a reader 
D)  Presented narrative in a way that captures everyday reality of participants 
E)  Discussed in detail the process by which identified themes emerged 
A)  Queried participants of the study to confirm identified themes 
B)  Documented the bracketing process used to maintain proper perspective 
C)  Described the participants' experiences in a way that rings true for a reader 
D)  Presented narrative in a way that captures everyday reality of participants 
E)  Discussed in detail the process by which identified themes emerged

Question 15

A nurse researcher is selecting a data-gathering technique for a research study.Which data-gathering technique is appropriate for grounded theory research methods but should not be used for phenomenologic methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Face-to-face interviews 
B)  Tape-recorded interviews 
C)  Participant-written responses to written questions 
D)  Skilled observation of individuals in a social setting 
A)  Face-to-face interviews 
B)  Tape-recorded interviews 
C)  Participant-written responses to written questions 
D)  Skilled observation of individuals in a social setting

Question 16

Which research question is most appropriate for a grounded theory approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  How do incarcerated prisoners interact with fellow prisoners who are known pedophiles? 
B)  How do Native American teenage girls select a method of contraception? 
C)  What percentage of teachers in primary education also have a degree in nursing? 
D)  How are the total number of clinical hours in a nursing program related to National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) pass rates? 
A)  How do incarcerated prisoners interact with fellow prisoners who are known pedophiles? 
B)  How do Native American teenage girls select a method of contraception? 
C)  What percentage of teachers in primary education also have a degree in nursing? 
D)  How are the total number of clinical hours in a nursing program related to National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) pass rates?

Question 17

What are the criteria that are used to judge a study's scientific rigor? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Reality based 
B)  Credibility 
C)  Confidentiality of participants 
D)  Auditability 
E)  Recordkeeping
F) Fittingness 
A)  Reality based 
B)  Credibility 
C)  Confidentiality of participants 
D)  Auditability 
E)  Recordkeeping
F) Fittingness

Question 18

In historical research,what or who constitutes the sample of the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The individuals who are the main characters in the historical context under study 
B)  The physical setting(s) in which the event occurred 
C)  The researchers and data gatherers 
D)  The data sources 
A)  The individuals who are the main characters in the historical context under study 
B)  The physical setting(s) in which the event occurred 
C)  The researchers and data gatherers 
D)  The data sources

Question 19

Which statement related to ethical issues in qualitative research is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In naturalistic settings, there is no need to request informed consent from study participants. 
B)  The emerging nature of the design may require ongoing negotiation of consent. 
C)  The researcher-participant interaction is intentionally therapeutic in nature. 
D)  Data validation with the participant taints the study. 
A)  In naturalistic settings, there is no need to request informed consent from study participants. 
B)  The emerging nature of the design may require ongoing negotiation of consent. 
C)  The researcher-participant interaction is intentionally therapeutic in nature. 
D)  Data validation with the participant taints the study.

Question 20

Which title suggests an ethnographic study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The phenomenon of breast self-examination among African American women 
B)  The lived experience of breast cancer in postmenopausal women 
C)  The need for culturally sensitive cancer prevention patient education materials 
D)  Retaining femininity after mastectomy 
A)  The phenomenon of breast self-examination among African American women 
B)  The lived experience of breast cancer in postmenopausal women 
C)  The need for culturally sensitive cancer prevention patient education materials 
D)  Retaining femininity after mastectomy

What are similarities that exist between grounded theory and ethnographic studies? (Select all that apply.)

What are characteristics of community-based participatory research (CBPR)? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse researcher critiques a phenomenologic study for appropriateness.The researcher will examine the study to see if the study: (Select all that apply.)

Which qualitative research approach is most commonly used by nurse researchers for the purpose of theory building?

Why is the question used to initiate dialogue with a participant in a study using phenomenologic methods often different from the investigator's formal research question?

What are characteristics of CBPR? (Select all that apply.)

In reading a report of a phenomenologic study,the nurse researcher finds direct quotes from the participants threaded throughout the narrative.What is the significance of this observation?

In an ethnographic study entitled "How rural Appalachian families with preschool children define and practice health," the researcher gathered data from mothers who were identified as the primary directors of health care within the family unit.What role did the mothers have in this study?

A nurse researcher is critiquing a research report of a phenomenologic research study that examines the lived experience of domestic violence.Which of the following answers is consistent with elements of a qualitative research report for a phenomenologic research study? (Select all that apply.)

How does nursing research using a phenomenologic approach differ from more traditional forms of phenomenologic research?

What is the foundation for the grounded theory method of qualitative research?

Why is the review of the literature expected to be limited in a study using grounded theory methods?

A nurse researcher critiques a phenomenologic study for appropriateness.The researcher will examine the study to see whether the study: (Select all that apply.)

A nurse researcher is selecting a data-gathering technique for a research study.Which data-gathering technique is appropriate for grounded theory research methods but should not be used for phenomenologic methods?

Which research question is most appropriate for a grounded theory approach?

What are the criteria that are used to judge a study's scientific rigor? (Select all that apply.)

In historical research,what or who constitutes the sample of the study?

Which statement related to ethical issues in qualitative research is true?

Which title suggests an ethnographic study?

Integrating the Processes of Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Gathering and Appraising the Literature

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data-Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Tools for Applying Evidence to Practice

Filters

Exam 5: Qualitative Approaches to Research

What are similarities that exist between grounded theory and ethnographic studies? (Select all that apply.)

What are characteristics of community-based participatory research (CBPR)? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse researcher critiques a phenomenologic study for appropriateness.The researcher will examine the study to see if the study: (Select all that apply.)

Which qualitative research approach is most commonly used by nurse researchers for the purpose of theory building?

Why is the question used to initiate dialogue with a participant in a study using phenomenologic methods often different from the investigator's formal research question?

What are characteristics of CBPR? (Select all that apply.)

In reading a report of a phenomenologic study,the nurse researcher finds direct quotes from the participants threaded throughout the narrative.What is the significance of this observation?

In an ethnographic study entitled "How rural Appalachian families with preschool children define and practice health," the researcher gathered data from mothers who were identified as the primary directors of health care within the family unit.What role did the mothers have in this study?

A nurse researcher is critiquing a research report of a phenomenologic research study that examines the lived experience of domestic violence.Which of the following answers is consistent with elements of a qualitative research report for a phenomenologic research study? (Select all that apply.)

How does nursing research using a phenomenologic approach differ from more traditional forms of phenomenologic research?

What is the foundation for the grounded theory method of qualitative research?

Why is the review of the literature expected to be limited in a study using grounded theory methods?

A nurse researcher critiques a phenomenologic study for appropriateness.The researcher will examine the study to see whether the study: (Select all that apply.)

A nurse researcher is selecting a data-gathering technique for a research study.Which data-gathering technique is appropriate for grounded theory research methods but should not be used for phenomenologic methods?

Which research question is most appropriate for a grounded theory approach?

What are the criteria that are used to judge a study's scientific rigor? (Select all that apply.)

In historical research,what or who constitutes the sample of the study?

Which statement related to ethical issues in qualitative research is true?

Which title suggests an ethnographic study?

Integrating the Processes of Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Research Questions, hypotheses, and Clinical Questions

Gathering and Appraising the Literature

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Appraising Qualitative Research

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonexperimental Designs

Sampling

Legal and Ethical Issues

Data-Collection Methods

Reliability and Validity

Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Understanding Research Findings

Appraising Quantitative Research

Developing an Evidence-Based Practice

Tools for Applying Evidence to Practice

Filters